scholarly journals PEMERATAAN BEBAN PADA GARDU KD 056 PENYULANG TABANAN PT PLN (PERSERO) DISTRIBUSI BALI AREA BALI SELATAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 82
Author(s):  
I Putu Agus Semara Putra ◽  
I Ketut Wijaya ◽  
I Made Mataram
Keyword(s):  
Load Balancing ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Simulation Software ◽  
Neutral Currents ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Load Imbalance

Load balancing is a routine done by PLN to manage a distribution substation. It is done on Peak Load Time (WBP) only. Initial load measurements and load data on a distribution transformer need to be done for balancing as input of simulation software. The load imbalance in a power distribution system is due to an imbalance in single phase loads in the R, S and T phases in low voltage networks due to the imbalance of the load the current in the neutral transformer arises. The current flowing in the neutral of the transformer causes losses, i.e. losses due to neutral currents in the neutral conductor of transformers and losses due to neutral currents flowing to the ground. In this research load equalization in substation KD 056 was done by making a simulation on the ETAP program by measuring the value of the voltage on the KD 056 substation. The result of load balancing in KD 056 substation with the simulation ETAP program i.e. the voltage drop obtained from the percentage of KD 056 substation after being balanced by voltage drop on phase R which decreased from 7.30% to 1.36% from the 219VA source voltage. Once the KD 056 substation is balanced, it can lower the voltage drop and power losses, thus the system voltage meets the standards of PLN.

scholarly journals ANALISIS DROP TEGANGAN PADA JARINGAN TEGANGAN MENENGAH DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN SIMULASI PROGRAM ETAP

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 26-37
Author(s):  
Redaksi Tim Jurnal
Keyword(s):  
Electric Power ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Medium Voltage ◽  
Cable Channel ◽  
Electric Power Distribution ◽  
Manual Calculation

Distribution system is very important in the distribution of electric power to the load. Therefore, a good and efficient distribution system is needed. The underlying cause of poor electric power distribution system is the amount of voltage drop values in the existing system. In the electric power distribution, 20 kV medium-voltage and 380/220V low voltage networks are used. The distribution system of Gandum Feeder in Angke Substation uses medium-voltage network with Underground Cable channel. They are used because of the towering buildings and the dense population in the area. It is known that the longest the channel and the load current are, the greater the voltage drop. From the result of the voltage drop calculation of Feeder Gandum in Angke Substation, which uses manual calculation and ETAP 12.6.0 program, it showed a slight difference in the result. The result of the voltage drop obtained from manual calculation showed that the percentage value of voltage is 1,94%, while the result obtained from ETAP 12.6.0 program showed that the percentage value is 2,01% These results are still in the PLN standard, because it has not exceeded the specified standard that is -10% of its nominal voltage.

scholarly journals ANALISIS PENGATURAN POSISI TAP ON LOAD TAP CHANGER PADA TRANSFORMATOR DAYA 30 MVA 70/20 KV DI GI MAULAFA

2019 ◽  
pp. 121-128
Author(s):  
Agusthinus S. Sampeallo ◽  
Wellem F. Galla ◽  
Darius M. K. Jala
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Peak Load ◽  
Voltage Range ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Secondary Voltage ◽  
Tap Changer ◽  
Load Tap Changer

ABSTRACT The Maulafa substation is a sub-system in the electrical power distribution system in the city of Kupang, has two transformers of 30 MVA 70/20 kV each equipped with OLTC. OLTC installation aims to obtain a stable secondary voltage value despite the voltage drop on the primary side, this is because the tap changer works by changing the coil ratio in a transformer. The results of calculations and analyzes performed on transformer 1 OLTC, tap position  is in position 9, with a voltage range of 20.94 kV at peak load, with a primary voltage of 69.12 kV. For the lowest load, it is in position 9 with a voltage range of 20.85 kV with a primary voltage of 68.81 kV. Whereas for transformer 2 the primary voltage is 69.08 kV for peak load and 68.91 kV for lowest load, being in position 2 for peak load and position 1 for lowest load, with a range of voltage of 21.19 kV and 20 respectively. 88 kV. The OLTC tap position of transformer 1 can still be reduced to position 6 with a voltage range of 20.21 kV for peak loads and 20.11 kV for the lowest loads. Both transformers have the same loading, both peak load and lowest load of 26 MW for peak load and 15 MW for lowest load.    ABSTRAK Gardu Induk Maulafa merupakan sub sitstem dalam sistem penyaluran daya listrik yang ada di Kota Kupang, memiliki dua buah transformator masing-masing 30 MVA 70/20 kV yang dilengkapi dengan OLTC. Pemasangan OLTC yang bertujuan untuk mendapatkan nilai tegangan sekunder yang stabil meskipun terjadi drop tegangan pada sisi primer, hal ini dikarenakan tap changer bekerja dengan cara merubah perbandingan lilitan dalam sebuah transformator. Hasil perhitungan dan analisis yang dilakukan pada OLTC transformator 1, posisi tap  berada  pada posisi 9, dengan jangkauan tegangan 20,94 kV pada saat beban puncak, dengan tegangan primer sebesar 69,12 kV. Untuk beban terendah, berada pada posisi 9 dengan jangkauan tegangan sebesar  20,85 kV dengan tegangan primer sebesar 68,81 kV.  Sedangkan untuk transformator 2 tegangan primernya  sebesar 69,08 kV untuk beban puncak dan 68,91 kV untuk beban terendah, berada  pada posisi 2 untuk beban puncak  dan posisi 1 untuk beban terendah, dengan Jangkauan tegangan masing-masing  21,19 kV dan 20,88 kV.     Posisi tap OLTC transformator 1 masih bisa diturukan ke posisi 6 dengan jangkauan tegangan sebesar 20,21 kV untuk beban puncak dan 20,11 kV untuk beban terendah. Kedua transformator memiliki pembebanan yang sama, baik beban puncak maupun beban terendah yakni 26 MW untuk beban puncak dan 15 MW untuk beban terendah.   

scholarly journals Power distribution system fault monitoring device for supply networks in Nigeria

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 2803
Author(s):  
Olalekan Kabiru Kareem ◽  
Aderibigbe Adekitan ◽  
Ayokunle Awelewa
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Copper Wire ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Monitoring Device ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Fault Monitoring ◽  
Quick Service

Electric power is the bedrock of our modern way of life. In Nigeria, power supply availability, sufficiency and reliability are major operational challenges. At the generation and transmission level, effort is made to ensure status monitoring and fault detection on the power network, but at the distribution level, particularly within domestic consumer communities there are no fault monitoring and detection devices except for HRC fuses at the feeder pillar. Unfortunately, these fuses are sometimes replaced by a copper wire bridge at some locations rendering the system unprotected and creating a great potential for transformer destruction on overload. This study is focused on designing an on-site power system monitoring device to be deployed on selected household entry power cables for detecting and indicating when phase off, low voltage, high voltage, over current, and blown fuse occurs on the building’s incomer line. The fault indication will help in reducing troubleshooting time and also ensure quick service restoration. After design implementation, the test result confirms design accuracy, device functionality and suitability as a low-cost solution to power supply system fault monitoring within local communities.

scholarly journals A Single-Phase Buck-Boost Matrix Converter with Low Switching Stresses

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naveed Ashraf ◽  
Tahir Izhar ◽  
Ghulam Abbas
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Sliding Mode ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Matrix Converter ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Selective Approach ◽  
Switching Devices

The suggested single-phase ac-to-ac matrix converter operated with inverting and noninverting characteristics may solve the grid voltage swell and sag problem in power distribution system, respectively. It is also employed as a direct frequency changer for domestic induction heating. The output voltage is regulated through duty cycle control of high frequency direct PWM (DPWM) and indirect PWM (IDPWM) switching devices. The DPWM control switches control the switching states of IDPWM switching devices. The inverting and noninverting characteristics are achieved with low voltage stresses and hence low dv/dt across the high and low frequency-controlled switches. This reduces their voltage rating and losses. The high voltage overshoot problem in frequency step-up operation is also analyzed. The sliding mode (SM) controller is employed to solve this problem. Pulse selective approach determines the power quality of load voltage. The validity of the mathematically computed values is carried out by modelling the proposed topology in MATLAB/Simulink environment and through hardware results.

Design of Low-Voltage Power Distribution System

2013 ◽  
Vol 791-793 ◽  
pp. 1889-1891
Author(s):  
Yan Li Fan ◽  
Qing En Li
Keyword(s):  
Power System ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Scientific Basis ◽  
Voltage Distribution ◽  
Electrical Power System ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
High Rise

The low-voltage distribution system is the key component of the electrical power system. Some analysis and research of the low-voltage distribution system is carried out in this paper, which provides some scientific basis to design the low-voltage distribution system. Firstly, the summarize of low-voltage distribution system is taken. The influence to productions and livings of low-voltage distribution system is introduced. Secondly, the mode of connection and design philosophy of low-voltage distribution system is studied in detail, especially the high-rise buildings low-voltage distribution system is concluded and summarized.

Improving Power Quality in Low-Voltage Networks Containing Distributed Energy Resources

2013 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 67-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumit Mazumder ◽  
Arindam Ghosh ◽  
Firuz Zare
Keyword(s):  
Power Quality ◽  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy Resources ◽  
Distributed Energy ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Computer Simulation Studies ◽  
Excess Power

Abstract Severe power quality problems can arise when a large number of single-phase distributed energy resources (DERs) are connected to a low-voltage power distribution system. Due to the random location and size of DERs, it may so happen that a particular phase generates excess power than its load demand. In such an event, the excess power will be fed back to the distribution substation and will eventually find its way to the transmission network, causing undesirable voltage–current unbalance. As a solution to this problem, the article proposes the use of a distribution static compensator (DSTATCOM), which regulates voltage at the point of common coupling (PCC), thereby ensuring balanced current flow from and to the distribution substation. Additionally, this device can also support the distribution network in the absence of the utility connection, making the distribution system work as a microgrid. The proposals are validated through extensive digital computer simulation studies using PSCADTM.

AGC Control of Scheduling with Distributing Power Generation and Performance Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 220-223 ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Xing Wan ◽  
Xiao Li Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Low Voltage ◽  
Performance Study ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Power Resources ◽  
Distributed Generators ◽  
Load Demand ◽  
Micro Grid ◽  
And Performance

Abstract: Scheduling plans of running a large, traditional power grid often distribute power resources in each small system. And they didn’t take the scope of scheduling operation within the power distribution system into consideration. With the trend separate transmission and distribution, the number of distributed generators that installed is growing rapidly. More and more micro-grid network composed of low-voltage distribution power network are formed. With effective regulation, this system can satisfy local load demand and support networking. The establishment of mechanisms such as AGC support services, with be vital to insure the power quality and reliability. Keywords: distributing power Micro-Grid DG AGC

scholarly journals Analysis of Power Loss of 20 kV Power Distribution

2018 ◽  
Vol 215 ◽  
pp. 01040
Author(s):  
Dasman Dasman
Keyword(s):  
Power Distribution ◽  
Distribution System ◽  
Power Loss ◽  
Reactive Power ◽  
Voltage Drop ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Active Power ◽  
Power Losses ◽  
Power Distribution System ◽  
Distribution Line

In the distribution of electrical energy from the plant to the consumer, there is a decrease in quality due to the loss of power (losses). These power losses are caused by a voltage drop across the line and subsequently producing a power loss on the line. This power loss can be classified into two types based on its line parameters, i.e., active power loss and reactive power loss. The line’s active power loss generates losses of power/losses so that the active power reaches the load on the receiving end is always less than the productive power of the sender side. Power losses in the electrical system must exist and cannot be reduced to 0% (zero percent). According to SPLN No. 72 of 1987, the permitted distribution network’s power loss should not be higher than 10%. This paper investigates the magnitude of the voltage loss and the line active power losses on the 20 kV distribution line. The calculation conducted through case study and simulation of Etap 12.6 program on an electrical power distribution system that is 20 kV distribution line in PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Muara Labuh. In the distribution line 20 kV, there is IPP (Independent Power Plant) PLTMH PT SKE used to improve the stress conditions in Rayon Muara Labuh. Therefore the loss of power will be calculated in 3 terms, i.e., before and after IPP PT. SKE with 20 kV distribution lines as well as on feeder load maintenance (as a repair action plan). The simulation results show the highest voltage drop and the highest power losses continue generated during IPP. PT SKE has not done synchronized with the distribution line of 20 kV with a significant voltage drop of 1,533 kV percentage of 7.93% and power loss of 777.528 kWh percentage of 7.69%.

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