Association between workplace bullying and common mental disorders in civil servants from a middle-income country

IntroductionBullying has been described as a risk factor for mental disorders, however there is a lack of evidence on this subject in low- and middle-income countries. Therefore we aimed to evaluate the association between workplace bullying and common mental disorders in a sample of Judiciary Brazilian civil servants.MethodsCross-sectional study with a sample of 1667 workers from the Brazilian Federal Judiciary in southern Brazil. The Negative Acts Questionnaire (NAQ-r) was used to measure bullying at work and the Self Report Questionnaire (SRQ-20) was used to evaluate Common Mental Disorders (CMD). Poisson regression was used to test associations of interest, controlling for confounders.ResultsThe overall prevalence of CMD was 33.5%. The prevalence of workplace bullying was 17.7%. In the crude analysis, exposure to bullying (at least one negative act in a weekly basis in the last six months) was associated with a 2.07-fold (CI 1.81–2.36, p<0.001) higher prevalence of CMD. After controlling for sociodemographic and occupational confounders, workers exposed to bullying presented a 1.51-fold (CI 1.31–1.73, p<0.001) higher prevalence of CMD.DiscussionJudiciary Brazilian civil servants may be at a high risk of being exposed to bullying and having common mental disorders. Our findings corroborate the results of studies from high-income countries, where bullying is considered an important occupational determinant of mental health. Prevention policies to eliminate bullying in organizations are urgent, what may help to decrease the prevalence of mental disorders among workers.

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1007 Association between workplace bullying and common mental disorders in brazilian civil servants

10.1136/oemed-2018-icohabstracts.1592 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Fernando Feijo ◽

Eduarda Buriol ◽

Cristiane Bunchen ◽

Paulo Antonio Oliveira ◽

Mayte Amazarray

Keyword(s):

Mental Disorders ◽

Workplace Bullying ◽

Common Mental Disorders ◽

Civil Servants

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A survey of depression and anxiety disorders in urban and rural Suriname

BMC Public Health ◽

10.1186/s12889-021-12454-5 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Raj Jadnanansing ◽

Edwin de Beurs ◽

Kajal Etwaroo ◽

Matthijs Blankers ◽

Rudi Dwarkasing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Middle Income Country ◽

Income Country ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Treatment Gap ◽

Middle Income

Abstract Background Suriname is a Low-middle income country consisting of diverse population groups. Epidemiological studies concerning mental disorders like depression and anxiety had not been conducted until 2015. The treatment gap for mental disorders in Low and middle-income countries (LMICs) may reach 76-80% as treatment is not always readily available. In this study, we estimate and compare the prevalence of potential cases of depression and anxiety, as well as the size of the treatment gap in a rural (Nickerie) and urban (Paramaribo) region of Suriname, a lower middle-income country. Methods Subjects were selected by a specific sampling method of the national census bureau. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) was used to assess depression. Generalized anxiety disorder was assessed with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) and The Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ), the Body Sensations Questionnaire (BSQ) were used to assess Panic disorder. The treatment gap was calculated by estimating the percentage of subjects with depression or anxiety that did not seek out professional help. Results About 18% of the respondents from Nickerie and 16% from Paramaribo were at risk of depression and the established cut-off values of the instruments used indicate that about 3-4% in both regions may suffer from Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Women in both samples were most at risk of high anxiety about body sensations and maladaptive thoughts about panic. The treatment gap varies between 78 and 100% for the two disorders. Conclusions A high depression rate has been found in both areas, especially among young females. In addition, a high treatment gap is noted which insinuates that more therapeutic strategies are required to tackle depression and anxiety in Suriname.

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Impact of COVID-19 on mental health in a Low and Middle-Income Country

Ciência & Saúde Coletiva ◽

10.1590/1413-81232020256.1.10932020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 25 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. 2457-2460

Author(s):

Luís Fernando Silva Castro-de-Araujo ◽

Daiane Borges Machado

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Research Group ◽

Effective Action ◽

Middle Income Country ◽

Income Country ◽

Risk Of Infection ◽

Economic Uncertainty ◽

Middle Income ◽

Low And Middle Income

Abstract Mental disorders (MD) are commonly comorbid with cardiovascular, metabolic, and some infectious diseases. Since the current SARS-CoV-2 epidemic is affecting the most multimorbid individuals, we might expect that the epidemic will be particularly problematic for people with MD. Understanding the burden of an outbreak on mental health is fundamental to effective action towards containing the spread of the disease, as psychopathology might reduce endurance during the lockdown. This can potentially reduce adhesion to ongoing treatment resulting in avoidable recurrence of a disorder. Additionally, there is the stress caused by the eminent risk of infection or economic uncertainty, especially in low-middle income settings. This is an overview on the expected influence of the COVID-19 on mental health from a research group that has not long ago been involved in the Zika epidemic. It aims to discuss the effects of the pandemic on a Low and Middle-Income country (LMIC), Brazil.

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Merit-based recruitment: the key to effective public administration in Bangladesh

Journal of Public Administration and Governance ◽

10.5296/jpag.v5i3.8216 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 5 (3) ◽

pp. 96

Author(s):

Md. Shiplu Zaman

Keyword(s):

Public Administration ◽

Civil Service ◽

Middle Income Country ◽

Civil Servants ◽

Income Country ◽

Primary Data ◽

Policy Recommendations ◽

Middle Income ◽

Recruitment System

Bangladesh Civil Service (BCS) is like the nucleus of country’s overall development. Brilliant graduates wish to join BCS and contribute to the prosperity of the nation. However, it is not that easy to join BCS for all meritorious graduates. Due to quota or preserved post in greater part of BCS, they are denied from the service of the nation. However, Bangladesh needs an effective public administration to turn up her long-term vision to be a middle-income country by 2021. Nonetheless, for an effective and dynamic public administration, recruitment of talented, hard working and committed personnel are essential. In this perspective, the study intends to evaluate the present recruitment system of BCS, analyzes its problems, and tries to find out the possible solution. In addition, it tries to know the idea and observation of present and future civil servants regarding present recruitment system and overall BCS. It collects primary data from the respondents before analyzing and providing some policy recommendations. It also compares and contrasts, why BCS needs merit not quota. Finally, the study proposes a model for Merit-based Recruitment in BCS with some assumptions.

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A Survey of Depression and Anxiety Disorders in Urban and Rural Suriname

10.21203/rs.3.rs-530267/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Raj Jadnanansing ◽

Edwin de Beurs ◽

Kajal Etwaroo ◽

Matthijs Blankers ◽

Rudi Dwarkasing ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Anxiety Disorder ◽

Mental Disorders ◽

Generalized Anxiety Disorder ◽

Epidemiological Studies ◽

Middle Income Country ◽

Income Country ◽

Generalized Anxiety ◽

Depression And Anxiety ◽

Treatment Gap ◽

Middle Income

Abstract Background: Suriname is a Low-middle income country consisting of diverse population groups. Epidemiological studies concerning mental disorders like depression and anxiety had not been conducted until 2015. The treatment gap for mental disorders in Low and middle-income countries (LMICs) may reach 76-80% as treatment is not always readily available. In this study, we estimate and compare the prevalence of depression and anxiety, as well as the size of the treatment gap for these disorders, in a rural (Nickerie) and urban (Paramaribo) region of Suriname, a lower middle income country.Methods: Subjects were selected by a specific sampling method of the national census bureau. The Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression (CES-D) was used to assess depression. Generalized anxiety disorder was assessed with the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7 (GAD-7) and The Agoraphobic Cognitions Questionnaire (ACQ), the Body Sensations Questionnaire (BSQ) were used to assess Panic disorder. The treatment gap was calculated by estimating the percentage of subjects with depression or anxiety that did not seek out professional help.Results: About 18% of the respondents from Nickerie and 16% from Paramaribo were at risk of depression and the established cut-off values of the instruments used indicate that about 3-4 % in both regions may suffer from Generalized Anxiety Disorder. Women in both samples were most at risk of high anxiety about body sensations and maladaptive thoughts about panic. The treatment gap varies between 78 and 100% for the two disorders.Conclusions: A high depression rate has been found in both areas, especially among young females. In addition, a high treatment gap is noted which insinuates that more therapeutic strategies are required to tackle depression and anxiety in Suriname.

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Hodgkin lymphoma: Trials and tribulations in a middle income country. The first inclusive prospective paediatric cancer study in South Africa

10.1055/s-0040-1701826 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

J Geel

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Hodgkin Lymphoma ◽

Middle Income Country ◽

Income Country ◽

Paediatric Cancer ◽

Middle Income ◽

Cancer Study

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Women break down the barriers to the Vietnamese social sciences and humanities

10.31219/osf.io/fb2cy ◽

2019 ◽

Author(s):

Quan-Hoang Vuong

Keyword(s):

Social Sciences ◽

Gender Inequality ◽

Middle Income Country ◽

Women In Science ◽

Income Country ◽

The West ◽

Middle Income ◽

Social Sciences And Humanities ◽

The Social ◽

Low And Middle Income

Valian rightly made a case for better recognition of women in science during the Nobel week in October 2018 (Valian, 2018). However, it seems most published views about gender inequality in Nature focused on the West. This correspondence shifts the focus to women in the social sciences and humanities (SSH) in a low- and middle-income country (LMIC).

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International Health Research Ethics

The Oxford Handbook of Research Ethics ◽

10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190947750.013.52 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Bridget Pratt

Keyword(s):

Research Ethics ◽

Health Research ◽

International Research ◽

International Health ◽

Middle Income Country ◽

Income Country ◽

Benefit Sharing ◽

Middle Income ◽

Ethical Concerns ◽

Low And Middle Income

Health research funded by organizations from HICs and conducted in low- and middle-income countries has grown significantly since 1990. Power imbalances and inequities frequently (but not always) exist at each stage of the international research process. Unsurprisingly then, a variety of ethical concerns commonly arise in the context of international health research, such as inequities in funding, the semi-colonial nature of international research models, the brain drain of low- and middle-income country researchers, and inequities in partnerships between HIC and low- and middle-income country researchers. In this chapter, these (and other) ethical concerns are introduced and the following ethical concepts to address the concerns are then discussed: responsiveness, standard of care, benefit sharing, community engagement, and social value. Existing guidance and remaining debates about how to specify each of the concepts are summarized. The chapter concludes by highlighting the existence of epistemic injustices within the field of international research ethics.

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