Accuracy Benchmark of Galileo and EGNOS for Inland Waterways

While Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) serve as a fundamental positioning technology for autonomous ships in Inland Waterways (IWW), in order to compensate for unexpected signal outages from constellations due to structures such as bridges and high buildings, it is not uncommon to use a sensor fusion setup with GNSS and Inertial Measurement Units (IMU)/Inertial Navigation Systems (INS). However, the accuracy of this fusion relies on the accuracy of the main localization technology itself. In Europe, Galileo and the European Geostationary Navigation Overlay Service (EGNOS) are two satellite navigation systems under civil control and they provide European users with independent access to a reliable positioning satellite signal, claiming better accuracy than what is offered by other accessible systems. Therefore, considering the potential utilization of these systems for autonomous navigation, in this paper, we discuss the results of a case study for benchmarking the accuracy of Galileo and EGNOS in IWW. We used a Coordinate Measurement Machine (CMM) and a sub-cm Real-Time Kinematic (RTK) service which is available in Flanders to quantify the benchmark reference. The results with and without sensor fusion show that Galileo has a better horizontal accuracy profile than standalone Global Positioning System (GPS), and its augmentation with EGNOS is likely to provide European IWW users more accurate positioning levels in the future.

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An Innovative Approach for Atmospheric Error Mitigation Using New GNSS Signals

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463311000373 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 64 (S1) ◽

pp. S211-S232 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Lei Yang ◽

Zeynep Elmas ◽

Chris Hill ◽

Marcio Aquino ◽

Terry Moore

Keyword(s):

High Accuracy ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Tropospheric Delay ◽

Atmospheric Effects ◽

Navigation Satellite ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Error Mitigation ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

New signals from the modernised satellite navigation systems (GPS and GLONASS) and the ones that are being developed (COMPASS and GALILEO) will present opportunities for more accurate and reliable positioning solutions. Successful exploitation of these new signals will also enable the development of new markets and applications for difficult environments where the current Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) cannot provide satisfying solutions. This research is aiming to exploit the improvement in monitoring, modelling and mitigating the atmospheric effects using the increased number of signals from the future satellite systems. Preliminary investigations were conducted on the numerical weather parameter based horizontal tropospheric delay modelling, as well as the ionospheric higher order and scintillation effects. Results from this research are expected to provide a potential supplement to high accuracy positioning techniques.

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Prospective directions for the development of microwave frequency standards for satellite navigation systems

Journal of Physics Conference Series ◽

10.1088/1742-6596/2086/1/012073 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2086 (1) ◽

pp. 012073

Author(s):

Ding Wang ◽

V V Davydov ◽

V Yu Rud

Keyword(s):

Time Synchronization ◽

Microwave Frequency ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Satellite ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Frequency Standards ◽

Global Navigation ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

Abstract The state of essential various quantum standards of GNSS frequencies for today are collected and presented, the results of analysis in the direction of modernization of time synchronization systems in global navigation satellite systems are presented. The most perspective directions of modernization of global navigation satellite systems are mentioned – the development of new atomic clocks on the mercury ions -199. The data on experimental satellite gives encouraging results.

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A Brief History of Global Navigation Satellite Systems

Journal of Navigation ◽

10.1017/s0373463311000506 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 1-14 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Norman Bonnor

Keyword(s):

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Postgraduate Students ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Space Race ◽

History Of ◽

1960S And 1970S ◽

The 1960S ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

This paper charts the history of Global Satellite Navigation Systems (GNSS) from the earliest days of the ‘Space Race’ in the 1960s and 1970s to the latest plans for modernisation of existing systems and the development of new systems yet to be deployed or become operational. The paper is based on lectures and presentations given by the author to postgraduate students at The University of Nottingham, students on the RAF General Duties Aero-Systems Course at the Air Warfare Centre, RAF Cranwell and to a number of RIN, RAeS and IEE Branches and to local aviation groups.

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“After 300 meters turn right” – the future of Russia’s GLONASS and the development of global satellite navigation systems

foresight ◽

10.1108/fs-10-2013-0053 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 16 (5) ◽

pp. 448-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Mikhail B. Bokov ◽

Anastasia Edelkina ◽

Marina Klubova ◽

Thomas Thurner ◽

Natalia P. Velikanova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Large Scale ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Niche Markets ◽

Content Type ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

The Future ◽

Comprehensive Picture ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

Purpose – Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) were designed to determine the exact location of objects on land, water and air for military purposes. With the opening of the satellite signal for civilian use, the technology created business opportunities for various applications. Today, satellite positioning technology is used by transporters, carriers, motorists, surveyors, builders, foresters, etc. through a wide array of devices like mobile phones or multimedia devices with built-in receiver modules. Design/methodology/approach – This paper provides the results of a recently held foresight exercise on the future development of Russia’s GLONASS system. Findings – The foresight exercise suggested a number niche markets where the GLONASS technology could be of great use, like monitoring of buildings and construction sides or the monitoring of shipments. In addition, in the case of Russia, large-scale government-driven investment programs will be key drivers for GLONASS’ growth perspectives. Originality/value – The paper provides a comprehensive picture of the development of GNSS for civilian use until 2020.

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Problems of creating autonomous navigation systems on geophysical fields

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202131003008 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 310 ◽

pp. 03008

Author(s):

Vyacheslav Fateev ◽

Dmitrii Bobrov ◽

Murat Murzabekov ◽

Ruslan Davlatov

Keyword(s):

Autonomous Navigation ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Integrated Navigation ◽

Geophysical Fields ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Integrated Navigation System ◽

New Methods ◽

The Stability ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

Global navigation satellite systems, which provide high accuracy of navigation, in certain conditions (in tunnels, in closed rooms, in conditions of interference, etc.) have restrictions on their use. In this regard, in order to ensure “seamless” navigation in any conditions of the situation, it becomes necessary to develop new methods and means to increase the stability of navigation definitions. The article is devoted to the consideration of the problems of creating an integrated navigation system using measurements of the parameters of the Earth’s gravitational and magnetic fields. Requirements for meters of parameters of geophysical fields and navigation charts are considered, a number of new navigation meters, new methods and means of preparing navigation charts are proposed. The ways of development of relativistic geodesy and the possibility of using the achievements of gravitational-wave astronomy in gravimetry are considered.

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Analysis of “Kropiva”, “Ukrop”, “Artos” and “Basalt-M” aparatus standard deviation related to the catalog of geodetic points coordinates

Modern achievements of geodesic science and industry ◽

10.33841/1819-1339-2-42-18-27 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 42 (II) ◽

pp. 18-27

Author(s):

T. KRAVETS ◽

◽

O. POLETS ◽

A. SHCHERBA ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Standard Deviation ◽

Experimental Studies ◽

Armed Forces ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Hardware System ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

Global Navigation Satellite ◽

Military Units

The aim of the article is to present the results of global navigation satellite systems (GNSS) and geographic information systems (GIS) analysis in military units on the example of software and hardware system (computer appliance CA) “Kropyva”, “Ukrop”, “Artos” and “Basalt-M”, in particular comparison of coordinates determination accuracy by devices in relation to the catalog of geodetic points coordinates and the list of points coordinates of special geodetic networks. Method. The research was carried out on the basis of available literature sources analysis on this subject and practical application of CA “Kropyva”, “Ukrop”, “Artos” and “Basalt-M”, comparison of coordinates definition accuracy and development of recommendations on their basis. Experimental studies of coordinate determination with the help of software without obstacles that would interfere with the passage of satellite signal, and with obstacles, on the basis of which the conclusions are based. Results. Theoretical, methodical and practical problems of using CA “Kropyva”, “Ukrop”, “Artos” and “Basalt-M” in troops for coordinates determining have been studied. The tendencies and prospects of the studied CA are analyzed, taking into account the devices error in the coordinates determining and the expediency of their use for topographic and geodetic support of units. A thorough analysis of four tools for coordinates determining was compared and performed. The ways of satellite navigation systems application and geoinformation systems in military units are presented, on the example of CA “Kropyva”, “Ukrop”, “Artos” and “Basalt-M”. The main tasks are substantiated. Experimental researches of coordinates determining by different CA are carried out, different time intervals of comparisons the data with the catalog of geodetic points coordinates are received. Scientific novelty. The need for this study is due to the fact that although PJSC “Kropyva”, “Ukrop” and “Artos” are authorated for use in the Ukrainian Armed Forces, and “Basalt-M” is in service, or actively used in units, including the Area Joint Forces (JF) operations, but anyone did not performed comparison of coordinate accuracy and application recommendations. There are no scientific works in Ukraine that would relate to the coordinates determining accuracy of the devices in relation to the catalog of geodetic points coordinates of special geodetic boundaries. The main emphasis of the study is on the peculiarities of the use of CA. Their analysis and prospects in the military sphere are carried out. Practical meaning. Based on the analysis of “Kropyva”, “Ukrop”, “Artos” and “Basalt-M” aparatus standard deviation in relation to catalog of geodetic points coordinates, recommendations for the use of tactical level commanders have been developed. The temporal features of PAC application and their influence on the coordinate determinating accuracy are singled out. The CA which is most expedient to apply is established. The results of the study are designed for unit commanders who can use them for more effectively performing of their combat missions.

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GLOBAL NAVIGATION SATELLITE SYSTEMS AND THEIR ROLE IN PRECISION AGRICULTURE TECHNOLOGIES

ENGINEERING, ENERGY, TRANSPORT AIC ◽

10.37128/2520-6168-2020-2-8 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 71-87

Author(s):

Oleksandr Kholodyuk

Keyword(s):

Precision Agriculture ◽

Satellite Navigation ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Satellite ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Global Positioning ◽

Global Navigation ◽

Satellite Navigation Systems ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

Today, global navigation satellite systems are being implemented in many structural units of the Ukrainian economic complex, many spheres of human activity, and every year they continue to develop. One of the main feature of these satellite systems is the requirements for high accuracy and speed of received data. They provide the opportunity to reduce operating costs and increase the efficiency of use of equipment and other resources. Therefore, the use of navigation satellite systems for controlling machine units, establishing their location, monitoring soil condition and yield mapping is becoming increasingly relevant today. The subject of study in this article were global navigation satellite systems NAVSTARGPS (USA), GLONASS (RF), GALILEO (EU), BEIDOU (China) and regional navigation systems NavIC (India) and QUASI-ZENITH (Japan). The purpose of the work was to clarify and establish the main characteristics of global navigation satellite systems and their role in the implementation of precision agriculture technologies. The task of the work was: to analyze the functional characteristics of global positioning satellite systems and their main elements; to find out principles of operation of systems: navigation, coordinates, time; to establish the accuracy of navigation systems; to substantiate the role of global positioning satellite systems in the effective implementation of precision agriculture technologies in agriculture. The research methodology was based on the method of materialistic dialectics, methods of analysis and synthesis of both information from official sources and information from the works of other researchers. Two major operators of satellite navigation systems the NAVSTAR GPS and GLONASS, which are similar in many respects, have been identified in the scientific work. Among the distinctive features there are the nature of the location, the motion of satellites in orbits and their total number, methods of encoding the CDMA and FDMA signals, the use of different coordinate systems WGS-84 and PZ90.11. As for the other two satellite navigation systems GALILEO and BEIDOU, they are developing rapidly with great ambition and potential. It is established that at the present time the accuracy of determining the coordinates of the GLONASS system is inferior to the performance of the American satellite navigation system GPS. GLONASS provides more accurate positioning in the northern latitudes and GPS in the middle. It is noted that the positioning accuracy of machine units for the implementation of precision farming technologies can be improved (from 2 to 20 cm) due to differential signal correction with the help of free and commercial wideband satellite navigation subsystems. These services will allow to implement the tasks of precision driving, and therefore, to ensure the accurate implementation of sowing material, fertilizers and herbicides to spare them, accurate inter-row cultivation of industrial crops, accurate harvesting, etc., when performing agro-technological operations using ground vehicles and landless vehicles.

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Practical Modeling of GNSS for Autonomous Vehicles in Urban Environments

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s19194236 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 19 (19) ◽

pp. 4236

Author(s):

Woosik Lee ◽

Hyojoo Cho ◽

Seungho Hyeong ◽

Woojin Chung

Keyword(s):

Motion Estimation ◽

Autonomous Vehicles ◽

Autonomous Navigation ◽

Urban Environments ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Satellite ◽

Key Technology ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Agricultural Robots ◽

Global Navigation Satellite

Autonomous navigation technology is used in various applications, such as agricultural robots and autonomous vehicles. The key technology for autonomous navigation is ego-motion estimation, which uses various sensors. Wheel encoders and global navigation satellite systems (GNSSs) are widely used in localization for autonomous vehicles, and there are a few quantitative strategies for handling the information obtained through their sensors. In many cases, the modeling of uncertainty and sensor fusion depends on the experience of the researchers. In this study, we address the problem of quantitatively modeling uncertainty in the accumulated GNSS and in wheel encoder data accumulated in anonymous urban environments, collected using vehicles. We also address the problem of utilizing that data in ego-motion estimation. There are seven factors that determine the magnitude of the uncertainty of a GNSS sensor. Because it is impossible to measure each of these factors, in this study, the uncertainty of the GNSS sensor is expressed through three variables, and the exact uncertainty is calculated. Using the proposed method, the uncertainty of the sensor is quantitatively modeled and robust localization is performed in a real environment. The approach is validated through experiments in urban environments.

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Assessment of the Implementation of GNSS into Gliding

MAD - Magazine of Aviation Development ◽

10.14311/mad.2017.04.01 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 5 (4) ◽

pp. 6

Author(s):

Tomáš Kubáč ◽

Jakub Hospodka

Keyword(s):

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Satellite ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Global Navigation ◽

Global Navigation Satellite ◽

Global Navigation Systems ◽

Usage Preference ◽

Selection Of ◽

Wide Usage

Global navigation satellite systems are increasingly part of our lives and many industries including aviation. Glider flying is no exception in this trend. Global navigation satellite systems were part of gliding since the early 1990s. First as official recording devices for simple evidence of sporting performances, then as navigation systems, anti-collision systems and emergency location transmitters. Development of recording application was initiated and supported by International Gliding Commission of World Air Sports Federation in way of certifications for flight recorders. The use of navigation and other modern instruments in gliders has brought many benefits but also risks. However, the advantages outweigh the disadvantages and these systems are now integral part of gliding. With this wide usage of global navigation satellite systems devices, there is great many possibilities how and in which way one can use these systems. Pilots must orient themselves in varied selection of products, which they can use to choose one solution, that fits him. Therefore, to find out how and if pilots use these devices, we created questionnaire survey among 143 Czech glider pilots. We found out, that 84% of them are using global navigation satellite systems devices for official record of flight and for navigation as well. More than half of pilots is using free, not built-in devices. Most common devices are mobile phones up to 5 inches of screen diagonal in combination with approved flight recorder without display. If pilots use mobile device for navigation, 52% of them is using one with Windows Mobile operating system, 33% use Android. Navigational software on these mobile devices is then almost tied between SeeYou Mobile, XCSoar and LK8000. Knowledge about usage preference of global navigation systems devices should help pilots with selection and overall orientation in subject.

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Kalman Filter-Based RAIM for Reliable Aircraft Positioning with GPS and NavIC Constellations

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s20226606 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 20 (22) ◽

pp. 6606

Author(s):

Susmita Bhattacharyya ◽

Dinesh Mute

Keyword(s):

Kalman Filter ◽

Weighted Least Squares ◽

Unmanned Aircraft ◽

Global Navigation Satellite Systems ◽

Navigation Systems ◽

Satellite Systems ◽

Vector Tracking ◽

Receiver Autonomous Integrity Monitoring ◽

Global Navigation Satellite ◽

Computational Resources

This paper presents a novel Kalman filter (KF)-based receiver autonomous integrity monitoring (RAIM) algorithm for reliable aircraft positioning with global navigation satellite systems (GNSS). The presented method overcomes major limitations of the authors’ previous work, and uses two GNSS, namely, Navigation with Indian Constellation (NavIC) of India and the Global Positioning System (GPS). The algorithm is developed in the range domain and compared with two existing approaches—one each for the weighted least squares navigation filter and KF. Extensive simulations were carried out for an unmanned aircraft flight path over the Indian sub-continent for validation of the new approach. Although both existing methods outperform the new one, the work is significant for the following reasons. KF is an integral part of advanced navigation systems that can address frequent loss of GNSS signals (e.g., vector tracking and multi-sensor integration). Developing KF RAIM algorithms is essential to ensuring their reliability. KF solution separation (or position domain) RAIM offers good performance at the cost of high computational load. Presented range domain KF RAIM, on the other hand, offers satisfactory performance to a certain extent, eliminating a major issue of growing position error bounds over time. It requires moderate computational resources, and hence, shows promise for real-time implementations in avionics. Simulation results also indicate that addition of NavIC alongside GPS can substantially improve RAIM performance, particularly in poor geometries.

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