scholarly journals Microcirculation of the skin with essential arterial hypertension

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. I. Korolev ◽  
A. A. Fedorovich ◽  
A. Yu. Gorshkov ◽  
O. M. Drapkina
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Adrenergic System ◽  
Skin Microcirculation ◽  
Blood Flow Pattern ◽  
Microvascular Endothelium ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Capillary Rarefaction ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Vasomotor Dysfunction

The review describes the skin microcirculation disorders with essential arterial hypertension by the capillaroscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry. The methods are complementary to each other and provide information about the structural and functional state of arteriolar, capillary and venular vessels in the microvasculature. The most common disorders in the skin microvasculature attending the arterial hypertension are vasomotor dysfunction of the microvascular endothelium, a decreasing of the dilator reserve, and capillary rarefaction. The bulk information was obtained in non-acral areas of the skin, where the tissue perfusion is has mainly nutritional pattern. The blood flow pattern in of the skin acral areas, where the sympathetic adrenergic system of regulation dominates, is still unexplored, and tissue perfusion is characterized by a thermoregulatory shunt orientation.

Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension in Systemic Sclerosis Is Associated with Profound Impairment of Microvascular Endothelium-dependent Vasodilatation

2011 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 100-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
HERMAN M.A. HOFSTEE ◽  
ALEXANDRE E. VOSKUYL ◽  
ANTON VONK NOORDEGRAAF ◽  
YVO M. SMULDERS ◽  
PIET E. POSTMUS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Right Heart Catheterization ◽  
Microvascular Function ◽  
Heart Catheterization ◽  
Microvascular Endothelium ◽  
Right Heart ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial

Objective.Impaired microvascular function may contribute to organ complications in patients with systemic sclerosis (SSc). We investigated whether SSc patients with and without pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) show a graded impairment of microvascular function compared to healthy controls.Methods.Twenty-two patients with SSc and 22 controls were studied. All patients underwent right heart catheterization; 6 had no PAH (SSc-nonPAH) and 16 had PAH (SSc-PAH). Acetylcholine (ACh)-mediated endothelium-dependent vasodilatation and sodium nitroprusside (SNP)-mediated endothelium-independent vasodilatation were assessed by iontophoresis combined with laser Doppler flowmetry.Results.Compared to sex- and age-matched controls, ACh-mediated vasodilatation was reduced in SSc-PAH (340.4% vs 79.5%, respectively; p < 0.01), but not in SSc-nonPAH (340.4% vs 397.9%; p = 0.90). No significant differences were present between the groups in SNP-mediated vasodilatation.Conclusion.Systemic microvascular endothelium-dependent vasodilatation is markedly reduced in SSc complicated by PAH.

scholarly journals Variability of skin microcirculation in case of arterial hypertension from the view of distributional responses of blood flow

2016 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 32-39
Author(s):  
A. P. Vasilev ◽  
N. N. Streltsova
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Peripheral Resistance ◽  
Individual Variability ◽  
The Other ◽  
Skin Microcirculation ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Vessel Area ◽  
Blood Filling ◽  
Forearm Skin ◽  
High Level

The aim of the study. To evaluate individual variability of skin microcirculation (MC) in patients with arterial hypertension (AH) and characteristics of microvascular (MV) reaction to hypotensive impact from the view of blood distribution. Material and methods. Microcirculation of forearm skin in 176 patients with AH stage 2 was studied by laser doppler flowmetry (LDF). All the patients were divided into 2 groups: 1 - with low (n=46) value of MV resistance and 2 - with high (n=130) value of MV resistance. 90 patients out of the total amount (also divided into the same 2 groups - 25 people in the first group and 65 people in the second) had another study of MC after sublingual taking of 20 mg of corinfar. Results. The results revealed controversial MC skin picture with high blood filling of MV canal and reduced MV tone in the first group and high value of MV tone with hemoperfusion limitation in the second group in patients with AH and the same blood pressure (BP). Reduction in the first group can be caused by redistribution of a minute blood volume kept on a high level in the condition of elevated total peripheral resistance (TPR) (the so called central blood bypass). In this case the skin where a part of a cardiac output goes to serves as a depot. Increase of intravascular resistance in the skin of patients from the second group is caused by prevalence of TPR in hemodynamic mechanisms of BP elevation. Whereas constriction of microcirculation vessel is observed not only in the abdominal vessel area (which is the main area responsible for TPR formation) but also in the other areas, particularly in the skin. Corresponding BP decrease in groups of patients under the influence of corinfar was accompanied by bidirectional shifts of MC values: vasodilation in the second group and vasoconstriction in the first group of patients. It happens due to more balanced bloodflow distribution in the vessel areas more responsible for TPR formation as a result of vasodilation under the influence of corinfar.

THE α2А-ADRENORECEPTOR GENE AND PERSONALITY CHARACTERISTICS IN ADOLESCENTS WITH ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

2017 ◽  
Vol 96 (3) ◽  
pp. 34-39 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. S. Kosovtseva ◽  
◽  
L. I. Kolesnikova ◽  
L. V. Rychkova ◽  
V. M. Polyakov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Personality Characteristics ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension

scholarly journals WALANT–Epinephrine injection may lead to short term, reversible episodes of critical oxygen saturation in the fingertips

2021 ◽  
Vol 141 (3) ◽  
pp. 527-533
Author(s):  
P. Moog ◽  
M. Dozan ◽  
J. Betzl ◽  
I. Sukhova ◽  
H. Kükrek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Oxygen Saturation ◽  
Substantial Reduction ◽  
Tissue Perfusion ◽  
Critical Levels ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Doppler Flowmetry ◽  
Epinephrine Injection ◽  
Venous Oxygen Saturation

Abstract Introduction Although the WALANT technique’s long-term safeness has been demonstrated in many studies, there are only few data investigating its short-term effects on tissue perfusion and oxygen levels. It was hypothesized that, temporarily, critical levels of tissue perfusion may occur. Methods Seventeen patients, who were scheduled for different procedures in WALANT technique, were injected with 5–7 ml of 1% Articain containing 1:200,000 epinephrine at the finger base. Capillary-venous oxygen saturation, hemoglobin volume in the capillaries, and relative blood flow in the fingertips were recorded once per second by white light spectrometry and laser Doppler flowmetry before, during and after injection for an average of 32 min. Results Clinically, no persistent tissue malperfusion was observed, and there were no postoperative complications. Capillary-venous oxygen saturation was reduced by ≥ 30% in seven patients. Critical levels of oxygen saturation were detected in four patients during 13 intervals, each lasting for 132.5 s on average. Oxygen saturation returned to noncritical values in all patients by the end of the observation period. Blood flow in the fingertips was reduced by more than 30% in nine patients, but no critical levels were observed, as with the hemoglobin. Three patients demonstrated a reactive increase in blood flow of more than 30% after injection. Conclusions Injection of tumescent local anesthesia containing epinephrine into finger base may temporarily cause a substantial reduction in blood flow and lead to critical levels of oxygen saturation in the fingertips. However, this was fully reversible within minutes and does not cause long-term complications.

scholarly journals Salt and Sugar: Two Enemies of Healthy Blood Pressure in Children

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 697
Author(s):  
Simonetta Genovesi ◽  
Marco Giussani ◽  
Antonina Orlando ◽  
Francesca Orgiu ◽  
Gianfranco Parati
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Dietary Intake ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Eating Habits ◽  
Clinical Problem ◽  
Sweet Taste ◽  
Pediatric Age ◽  
Wide Availability ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Hypertension In Children

The prevalence of essential arterial hypertension in children and adolescents has grown considerably in the last few decades, making this disease a major clinical problem in the pediatric age. The pathogenesis of arterial hypertension is multifactorial, with one of the components being represented by incorrect eating habits. In particular, excessive salt and sugar intake can contribute to the onset of hypertension in children, particularly in subjects with excess weight. Babies have an innate predisposition for sweet taste, while that for salty taste manifests after a few weeks. The recent modification of dietary styles and the current very wide availability of salt and sugar has led to an exponential increase in the consumption of these two nutrients. The dietary intake of salt and sugar in children is in fact much higher than that recommended by health agencies. The purpose of this review is to explore the mechanisms via which an excessive dietary intake of salt and sugar can contribute to the onset of arterial hypertension in children and to show the most important clinical studies that demonstrate the association between these two nutrients and arterial hypertension in pediatric age. Correct eating habits are essential for the prevention and nondrug treatment of essential hypertension in children and adolescents.

Haptoglobin polymorphism and complications in established essential arterial hypertension

1993 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 861-867 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joris R. Delanghe ◽  
Daniel A. Duprez ◽  
Marc L. De Buyzere ◽  
Bernard M. Bergez ◽  
Benedikt Y. Callens ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Haptoglobin Polymorphism

PREVALENCE OF ESSENTIAL ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION IN CHILDREN AND ADOLESCENTS OF DAGESTAN AND THE CONTENT OF Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb IN SOILS AND NATURAL WATERS OF THE TERRITORY

2021 ◽  
Vol 100 (5) ◽  
pp. 203-208
Author(s):  
Sh.K. Salikhov ◽  
◽  
D.Z. Alieva ◽  
U.A. Magomedova ◽  
S.О. Abdulkadyrova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Natural Waters ◽  
Chemical Elements ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Geochemical Factors ◽  
Essential Arterial Hypertension ◽  
The Republic

The aim of the study is to determine the role of geochemical factors (the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soils and natural waters of the plain zone of Dagestan) in the prevalence of essential arterial hypertension (EAH) among the population of children. Materials and methods of research: an observational cross-sectional (one-step) study of the prevalence of EAH in the child population was carried out. The prevalence rates of EAH among children in the plain zone of the Republic of Dagestan are calculated for 100,000 children 0–17 years old, without taking into account gender differences. The content of elements (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the environment (soil, natural waters) was determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results: one-way analysis of variance (One-Way ANOVA) of indicators of the content of metals (Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb) in the regions and objects (soils, natural waters) of the study revealed a statistically significant difference in the data (for soils: F=81,06772, p<0,0002; for natural waters: F=58,86451, p<0,00001). The dependence of children's EAH on the content of chemical elements in the objects of the biosphere of Dagestan was determined, which was expressed in an increase in the number of patients with EAH when Pb content exceeded (r=+ 0,576, r=+ 0,759) and with the decrease of Mg (r=–0,668, r=–0,173), K (r=–0,440, r=–0,636), Ca (r=–0,693, r=–0,533), Zn (r=–0,051, r=–0,827) in soils and natural waters. Conclusion: when assessing the pathogenesis of EAH in the population of children, the content of Mg, K, Ca, Zn, Pb in soil and water should be taken into account, since these microelements, entering the body with water and food, affect the elemental status of child's body.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document