scholarly journals MODELLING AND SIMULATION OF SUSTAINABLE SYSTEMS: AN ENGINEERING DESIGN COURSE PROJECT

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Flavio Firmani ◽  
Kevin Oldknow
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Nonlinear Problems ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Underdeveloped Country ◽  
Modelling And Simulation ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Northern India ◽  
Project Description

To enhance the learning objectives of the course: Systems Modelling and Simulation (MSE 380), a Design-Based Learning (DBL) project centered on sustainability was developed and has been implemented for five years. The project consists of designing, modeling, and simulating a renewable energy system that solves a particular problem within a predefined scenario. Thescenario changes every year: past scenarios are a remote dwelling, a camping trip, a daily-life setting, a village in an underdeveloped country, and the design of a device that assists in the fight against COVID-19. The design of the system comprises two phases; first renewable energy is harvested and stored, and later the stored energy is used to solve the problem. Students model the systems using statespace representation and linear graphs; and simulate the response as linear, linearized, and nonlinear problems. Project examples for the scenario of underdeveloped villages are: discharge of flooded rice fields during monsoon season in South Asia using pumps, irrigation during the drought season in Northern India using stupas (artificial glaciers), uncovering of a Russian village after sandstorm with mechanical shovels, irrigation in Sub-Saharan Africa using solar uplift towers, saving crops from freezing temperatures in rural Iran using solar collectors (as opposed to burning tires which is the current practice), and producing hydroelectricity to power a cooking device in an Amazonian village. Our pedagogical experience with this didactic approach has been very positive. Students are creative and engaged with their own designs. As the project description and requirements have evolved through the years, not only the quality of the projects has improved but also it has had a positive impact on the course learning.

scholarly journals Do Institutions Moderate the Energy-Growth Affiliation? Evidence from Sub Sahara Africa Countries

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael Appiah ◽  
Benjamin Adelwini Bugri ◽  
Frank Antwi
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Extended Period ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mixed Effect ◽  
Ardl Approach ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Term Performance

Abstract This paper aims to look into the role of institutional quality in regulating energy and growth affiliation. The countries of Sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) are studied from 1990 to 2019. CSD and SH tests were used to verify cross-sectional dependency and slope homogeneity properties. CIPS and CADF were used to investigate stationarity features. The Westerlund bootstrap cointegration test was used to analyze the long-tenure equilibrium affiliation among the variables and confirm cointegration in the extended period. To examine the long-short term performance between the variables, the CS-ARDL approach is used. To analyze the flow of causation, the study used the DH causality process. The findings reveal that energy has a negative and significant impact on growth. In both terms, industrialization and population have a negative and positive impact on growth, respectively. The DH heterogenous causality study reveals the mixed effect, i.e. one-way causal associations between growth and institutional quality, two-way causal associations between energy and population, and no causation with industrialization. Furthermore, institutional quality as a moderating variable harms growth. To achieve long-period growth, states should expand investment in renewable energy sectors, create well-resourced institutions, and plan for renewable energy development, according to this empirical research.

How can a low-income household procure small-scale hybrid renewable energy system?

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1149-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olubayo Moses Babatunde ◽  
Josiah Lange Munda ◽  
Yskandar Hamam
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Income Household ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy ◽  
Low Income Households

Purpose The application of hybrid renewable energy system (HRES) can mitigate inadequate access to clean, stable and sustainable energy among households in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA). Available studies on HRES seem to concentrate only on its techno-economic and environmental viability. In so doing, these studies do not seem to underline the likely challenges that follow the acquisition of HRES by especially low-income households. The ensuing reality is, of course, a limitation in the use of HRES in homes with low incomes. It is therefore imperative to analyze how a household with low income can afford this kind of energy system. The purpose of this study, therefore, lies in presenting a techno-economic, environmental and affordability analysis of how HRES is acquired. Design/methodology/approach To arrive at a grounded analysis, a typical household in SSA is used as an example. The analysis focused on the pattern of energy use, and this is obtained by visiting an active site to evaluate the comprehensive load profile. In the course of analysis, an optimal techno-economic design and sizing of a hybrid PV, wind and battery were undertaken. Additionally, an acquisition analysis was done based on loan amortization. Findings The interesting result is that a combination of the photovoltaic-gasoline-battery system is the most cost-effective energy system with a net present cost of $2,682. The system combination can lead to an emission reduction of approximately 98.3 per cent, compared to the use of gasoline generating sets, common mostly in SSA. If an amortized loan is used to purchase the energy system, and the payment plan is varied such that the frequency of payments is made quarterly, annually, semi-annually, bi-monthly, semi-monthly and bi-weekly, it will be observed that low-income household can conveniently acquire a HRES. Originality/value The result presented a framework by which a low-income household can purchase and install HRES. To facilitate this, it is recommended that low-income households should be given interest-friendly loans, so as to enhance the acquisition of HRES.

scholarly journals Oil Prices Dynamics and the State of Energy Crisis in Pakistan

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-217
Author(s):  
Jibran Hussain ◽  
Sallahuddin Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Developing Economies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Oil Prices ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Oil Price ◽  
Energy Crisis ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Long Run

The dependence on non-renewable energy sources is the key factor controlling international oil prices, geoeconomics, geopolitical and geostrategic relations, business and macroeconomic dynamics. The developing economies remain volatile to oil price due to their heavy reliance on non-renewable energy sources and their low capability to maintain stable energy stock, such as Pakistan. The existing weak, unstable energy system has not been able to devour the frequent blows of oil price volatilize and shocks over the years and have been provoking energy crisis in the country. The application of vector error correction mechanism shows a statistically significant positive impact of oil prices on the energy crisis in the long run as well as in the short run.

scholarly journals Techno-Economic Analysis of a Novel Hydrogen-Based Hybrid Renewable Energy System for Both Grid-Tied and Off-Grid Power Supply in Japan: The Case of Fukushima Prefecture

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 4061 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoto Takatsu ◽  
Hooman Farzaneh
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Energy System ◽  
Modeling Framework ◽  
Integrated Simulation ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy System ◽  
Renewable Energy System ◽  
Hybrid Renewable Energy

After the Great East Japan Earthquake, energy security and vulnerability have become critical issues facing the Japanese energy system. The integration of renewable energy sources to meet specific regional energy demand is a promising scenario to overcome these challenges. To this aim, this paper proposes a novel hydrogen-based hybrid renewable energy system (HRES), in which hydrogen fuel can be produced using both the methods of solar electrolysis and supercritical water gasification (SCWG) of biomass feedstock. The produced hydrogen is considered to function as an energy storage medium by storing renewable energy until the fuel cell converts it to electricity. The proposed HRES is used to meet the electricity demand load requirements for a typical household in a selected residential area located in Shinchi-machi in Fukuoka prefecture, Japan. The techno-economic assessment of deploying the proposed systems was conducted, using an integrated simulation-optimization modeling framework, considering two scenarios: (1) minimization of the total cost of the system in an off-grid mode and (2) maximization of the total profit obtained from using renewable electricity and selling surplus solar electricity to the grid, considering the feed-in-tariff (FiT) scheme in a grid-tied mode. As indicated by the model results, the proposed HRES can generate about 47.3 MWh of electricity in all scenarios, which is needed to meet the external load requirement in the selected study area. The levelized cost of energy (LCOE) of the system in scenarios 1 and 2 was estimated at 55.92 JPY/kWh and 56.47 JPY/kWh, respectively.

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