In-situ nitrate removal from groundwater to supply rural communities: experimental work and modelling

The aim of this research was to find out the morphometric differentiation of six native freshwater species in the Guayas Hydrographic Basin (Ecuador) by means of discriminant analysis. A total of 1355 mature fishes (Cichlasoma festae, Andinoacara rivulatus, Dormitator latifrons, Bryncon dentex, Hoplias microlepis and Leporinus ecuadorensis) were captured and 27 morphometric measurements and 20 landmarks were used. Two-way analysis of variance with species and sex as fixed factors and discriminant analysis were applied. The selection of the most discriminant variables was made applying the F of Snedecor, Wilks’-Lambda and the 1-Tolerance. While sex within species had no significant effect on the morphology, differences among species were significant. Twenty-seven morphological variables showed highly significant differences among six native freshwater species. Nine biometric variables with high discriminant power were selected. The six species analyzed were discriminated by the morphometric models generated, thus showing that discriminant analysis was useful for differentiating species. The morphometric differentiation by discriminant analysis is a direct, simple and economic methodology to be applied in situ in rural communities. It favors the implementation of a livestock development program and it could be used with other native freshwater species in the Guayas Hydrographic Basin.

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A Study on the Mechanism and Kinetic of Nitrate Reduction by the nZVI-g-C3N4/TiO2 Composite Under the Simulated Sunlight

10.21203/rs.3.rs-216615/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Linyu Wei ◽

Jing Tian ◽

Qing Wang ◽

Yuanyuan Liu ◽

Yi Yu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Reduction ◽

Reduction Method ◽

Nitrate Removal ◽

Simulated Sunlight ◽

Photoelectric Properties ◽

Phase Reduction ◽

Reduction Efficiency ◽

Initial Ph ◽

Lamp System

Abstract g-C3N4/TiO2 composite has excellent photoelectric properties and is considered as a good carrier of nanoparticles. A novel composite of nZVI-g-C3N4/TiO2 was successfully synthesized through in-situ growth nZVI on the surface of g-C3N4/TiO2 with liquid phase reduction method. The composite was characterized by TEM, XRD, EDS and evaluated its nitrate removal efficiency. The effects of composite dosage, solution initial pH and HCOOH concentration on nitrate reduction were investigated. The results showed that nitrate was rapidly reduced by nZVI-g-C3N4/TiO2 composite. The dosage of 4 g/L nZVI-g-C3N4/TiO2 composite and 3.0 mM of HCOOH concentration was more suitable for nitrate reduction. Solution initial pH had little impact on the nitrate reduction efficiency, but affected the proportion of the nitrate reduction products. The mechanism of nitrate reduction in the nZVI-gC3N4/TiO2/HCOOH-Xe-lamp system was proposed. The nZVI-gC3N4/TiO2 composite could be considered as a viable and promising technology for water pollution remediation.

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SO2 promoted in situ recovery of thermally deactivated Fe2(SO4)3/TiO2 NH3-SCR catalysts: From experimental work to theoretical study

Chemical Engineering Journal ◽

10.1016/j.cej.2018.12.149 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 361 ◽

pp. 820-829 ◽

Cited By ~ 19

Author(s):

Yanke Yu ◽

Changwei Chen ◽

Mudi Ma ◽

Mark Douthwaite ◽

Chi He ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Experimental Work ◽

Theoretical Study ◽

Nh3 Scr ◽

Scr Catalysts ◽

In Situ Recovery

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Overview of in-situ applicable nitrate removal processes

Desalination ◽

10.1016/j.desal.2006.04.023 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 204 (1-3) ◽

pp. 46-62 ◽

Cited By ~ 165

Author(s):

Claudio Della Rocca ◽

Vincenzo Belgiorno ◽

Sureyya Meriç

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Removal ◽

Removal Processes

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In situ Biological Groundwater Denitrification: Concepts and Preliminary Field Tests

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1988.0099 ◽

1988 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 197-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 32

Author(s):

A. Mercado ◽

M. Libhaber ◽

M. I. M. Soares

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Concentration ◽

Nitrate Removal ◽

Small Diameter ◽

Field Tests ◽

Economic Feasibility ◽

Injection Well ◽

Nitrate Content ◽

Injection Wells ◽

Protection Measures

High nitrate concentration presents the main groundwater quality problem of the Israeli coastal aquifer which supplies 25% of the total water consumption of the country. In about 50% of the coastal wells nitrate concentration exceeds 45 mg/l and in 18% of the wells nitrate concentration is above the maximum permissible concentration of the new Israeli standard - 70 mg/l. Although several protection measures, mainly administrative, were introduced, their impact would be pronounced only after 1-3 decades, thus nitrate removal technologies should be introduced as a mid-term solution. Pilot plant experiments were conducted in order to develop, demonstrate and compare various in-situ schemes for nitrate removal from groundwater by biological denitrification. Activities were focused towards two schemes: (i) Denitrification in a dual purpose (recharge-pumping) well and (ii) Substrate injection through a battery of small diameter wells surrounding a central production well (the “Daisy” system). Experiments related to the first scheme indicate that, though nitrate content can be reduced almost to zero, its economic feasibility seems to be unfavorable because of operational difficulties and the apparent requirements for costly supplementary treatment. Experiments related to the “Daisy” scheme demonstrated a nitrate removal efficiency of approximately 10%. Considering the fact that only one injection well of the three drilled functioned properly, the above mentioned nitrate removal represents the efficiency of a single injection well. It is anticipated that further experiments with the “Daisy” system consisting of 5-6 injection wells would result in a significant nitrate reduction.

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Role of Home Garden for In-Situ Conservation of Agro-Biodiversity: A Case Study of Dhari Block, District Nainital, Kumaun Region of Uttarakhand

Journal of Non Timber Forest Products ◽

10.54207/bsmps2000-2016-53st5w ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 23 (3) ◽

pp. 169-180

Author(s):

Vandana Tiwari ◽

Kuldeep Negi ◽

Rajni Rawat ◽

Puran Mehta ◽

Subhash Chandra

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Plant Species ◽

Plant Diversity ◽

In Situ Conservation ◽

Home Gardens ◽

Leafy Vegetables ◽

Home Garden ◽

Elderly Persons

Since time immemorial, the natives were growing and maintaining plant diversity in the vicinity of dwelling places which is popularly known as Home Garden. The present study was conducted to assess role of home garden for in-situ conservation of plant diversity in Dhari Block, district Nainital, Uttarakhand with the major aim of understanding the plant diversity available especially with respect to the home gardens and role of vice-versa in their day to day life. With the help of questionnaire and survey, the information was collected from six villages i.e., Chaukuta, Dhanachuli, Gajar, Kasiyalekh, Podiyal and Pokhrar. Information regarding the occurrence of plant species, their local names, parts used and formulation through interviews and discussions held with elderly persons of rural communities were recorded. The study documented 93 plant species belonging to 79 genera and 51 families ranging from forestry to horticulture and agriculture including ethno-medicinal plants as grown in the home gardens and these plant species were used for multiple purposes i.e., Cereals, Fire woods, Fodders, Fruits, Leafy vegetables, Ornamentals, Pseudo-cereals, Spices, Vegetables and other cultural significance. These observations indicated that home garden play a important role in food security and in-situ conservation of agri-horticultural plants.

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Characterization of Adobe Blocks: Point-Load Assessment as a Complementary Study of Damaged Buildings and Samples

Heritage ◽

10.3390/heritage4020047 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 864-888

Author(s):

Adria Sanchez-Calvillo ◽

Elia M. Alonso-Guzman ◽

Wilfrido Martinez-Molina ◽

Marco A. Navarrete-Seras ◽

Jose L. Ruvalcaba-Sil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Rural Communities ◽

Formal Analysis ◽

Complete Characterization ◽

Point Load ◽

Load Test ◽

Construction Technique ◽

Load Tests ◽

Non Destructive

Adobe masonry is one of the oldest construction systems still in use today, Mexico has an enormous cultural heritage with traditional adobe houses being very representative of the rural communities and their culture. The 2017 Puebla Earthquake on September 19th struck the country causing the loss, destruction, and damage of historic buildings in several Mexican states, with the traditional earthen dwellings being the most vulnerable structures to these events. The fast abandonment of the local materials and techniques entails further research regarding the characterization of these construction systems, therefore, reconstruction efforts first require the recovery of the construction technique. After the seismic events, adobe samples of the remaining adobe structures of Jojutla de Juarez were collected. This population was one of the most affected in all the country, and, because of the major losses suffered, the study was conducted to determine the material properties of the dwellings’ adobe shards and natural quarry clays of the region. The characterization included destructive and non-destructive tests, mineralogical and granulometry analyses, and composition of the adobe samples of the buildings, as well as the aggregates. As a novelty, the compressive strength of the pieces was tested by two methods: the traditional compression strength test and the point-load test, in order to obtain the indicative values and the correlation equations between both tests. From the formal analysis and the laboratory, it was observed that the adobes from Jojutla presented different compositions which combined with the building malpractices and alterations to the traditional systems caused unpredictable behavior during the earthquake. The conduction of point-load tests in situ, as a part of a complete characterization methodology, could be an alternative to study the mechanical properties of patrimonial or damaged building samples before its disappearance.

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Nitrate removal efficiency of a mixotrophic denitrification wall for nitrate-polluted groundwater in situ remediation

Ecological Engineering ◽

10.1016/j.ecoleng.2017.06.010 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 106 ◽

pp. 523-531 ◽

Cited By ~ 13

Author(s):

Rui Li ◽

Chuanping Feng ◽

Beidou Xi ◽

Nan Chen ◽

Yu Jiang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Removal Efficiency ◽

Nitrate Removal ◽

In Situ Remediation ◽

Denitrification Wall

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Electrochemical nitrate removal with simultaneous magnesium recovery from a mimicked RO brine assisted by in situ chloride ions

Journal of Hazardous Materials ◽

10.1016/j.jhazmat.2020.122085 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 388 ◽

pp. 122085 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Xuejiao Ma ◽

Miao Li ◽

Chuanping Feng ◽

Zhen He

Keyword(s):

Nitrate Removal ◽

Chloride Ions

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On Peat Production Capacity in Verkhoyansky District, Sakha (Yakutia) Republic

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/20184101047 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 41 ◽

pp. 01047 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vladimir Belyakov ◽

Alexsandra Kuporova

Keyword(s):

Moisture Content ◽

Long Range ◽

Solid Fuel ◽

Experimental Work ◽

Lake Water ◽

Production Capacity ◽

Fuel Production ◽

Ecological Problems ◽

Conventional Technology

The article analyzes the possible substitution of long-range coal with peat fuel in boilerhouses of Batagai settlement, the Sakha (Yakutia) Republic, and technical and ecological problems that arise. Potential in-situ resources for permafrost production of moulded solid fuel with peat are examined. The study introduces two options of peat fuel production for boilerhouses: peat milling and sod peat moulding. Experimental work on sod peat drying shows that sod peat can be cut and dried to the conditioned moisture content in northern Yakutia but it is inexpedient both technologically and ecologically. A flowsheet of sod peat hydromechanised production from lacustrine peat is presented. According to it peat mass is scarified, diluted with lake water, sucked in by a pump dredge, and then pumped through a sludge line onto the lakeside where it is dehydrated in geotubes to have moulding moisture. Dehydrated geotubes are cut and peat mass is loaded into a peat spreader which stir and shape it into cylindrical peat sods, then spread it on a drying field. Further the process follows the conventional technology of harrowing, ridging, and covering dried peat.

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