Quantitative Comparison between Traditional and Intensive Face-to-Face Education through an Organizational Model

Face-to-face education continues to present benefits in terms of student motivation, even though in COVID-19 scenario, online education has been the model of choice. In addition to the traditional face-to-face style, the intensive face-to-face style remains, which allows greater flexibility for the student. The objective of this study was to compare both educational styles and build an organizational model to improve student satisfaction. Two-way general linear model (GLM) with educational styles and satisfaction as fixed factors and discriminant analysis was applied. The selection of the most discriminant variables was made applying the F of Snedecor, Wilks’-Lambda, and the 1-Tolerance. A discriminant model was built. The four variables with the highest discriminant power were problem-solving communication with students’ representatives and shared knowledge and goals with lectures in the intensive style and frequent communication with administrative officers in the traditional style. In addition, it was found that greater face-to-face attendance did not imply greater coordination and that intensive style students show greater satisfaction. The appropriate duration of face-to-face education can contribute to the design of an innovative hybrid system in the future.

Inpatient Weight Restoration Treatment Is Associated with Decrease in Post-Meal Anxiety

Objective: Anorexia nervosa (AN) is characterized by weight loss, distorted body image with fear of becoming fat and associated with anxiety, especially in relation to food intake. Anxiety in relation to meals and weight restoration remains a major challenge in the treatment of AN. We examined the effects of inpatient weight restoration treatment on levels of post-meal anxiety using visual analogue scale (VAS) ratings in patients with AN. Materials: Thirty-two patients with AN, all part of the PROspective Longitudinal all-comer inclusion study on Eating Disorders (PROLED) were followed over eight weeks with baseline psychometric measures and weekly VAS anxiety self-scoring. Methods: Apart from the weekly body mass index (BMI) and VAS, patients were characterized at baseline using the Eating Disorder Examination Questionnaire (EDE-Q), Eating Disorder Inventory (EDI), Symptom Check List 92 (SCL-92), Major Depression Inventory (MDI), and Autism Quotient (AQ). Results: The results showed a significant time effect, Wilks Lambda = 0.523, F = 3.12, p < 0.05 (power of 0.862), indicating a reduction in VAS scores of anxiety from baseline to week 8. There was no effect of baseline medication or scores of MDI on the results. BMI increased from a mean of 15.16 (week 1) to 17.35 (week 8). In comparison, patients dropping out after only three weeks (n = 31) also had a trend toward a reduction in VAS anxiety (ns). Conclusions: Inpatient weight restoration treatment is associated with a decrease in post-meal anxiety in AN, an effect that occurs early and becomes clinically significant in patients who stay in treatment.

Pengaruh meas berbantuan geogebra terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep dan disposisi matematika siswa

<p class="JRPMAbstrakTitle">Abstrak</p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui apakah pendekatan Model Eliciting Activities (MEAs) berbantuan Geogebra berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep dan disposisi matematika siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan eksperimen dengan post-test only control group design pada populasi yang terdiri 132 siswa kelas VIII SMP Taman Pendidikan 45 Denpasar yang tersebar dalam 4 kelas. Penarikan sampel menggunakan cluster random sampling dan ditetapkan kelas VIIIA dan VIIIC sebagai sampel penelitian. Data penelitian berupa data pemahaman konsep dan disposisi matematika dikumpulkan masing-masing dengan tes uraian dan angket yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan Uji Manova dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil analisis data menunjukan bahwa nilai F dari uji wilks lambda sama dengan 5,656, dengan nilai signifikansi 0,023. Jika nilai signifikansi 0,023 dibandingkan dengan alpha 0,05, maka nilai tersebut jauh lebih kecil, sehingga dapat diputuskan Ho ditolak. Oleh karena itu, hasil eksperimen ini menunjukkan bahwa Pendekatan MEAs berbantuan Geogebra berpengaruh terhadap kemampuan pemahaman konsep dan disposisi matematika siswa.

Pengaruh Penerapan Model Problem-Based-Learning Berbantuan Computer-Based-Test Terhadap Kemampuan Pemecahan Masalah dan Kemandirian Belajar Matematika

Penelitian yang dilakukan di SMA Negeri 2 Kuta ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh penerapan <em>problem</em><em>-based-learning </em>(PBL)<em> </em>berbantuan<em> computer</em><em>-based-test </em>(CBT) terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar matematika siswa. Penelitian ekperimen semu ini menggunakan disain <em>post-test only control group design</em> pada populasi siswa kelas X MIA SMA Negeri 2 Kuta yang tersebar ke dalam 11 kelas dengan jumlah siswa sebanyak 392 orang. Selanjutnya, metode <em>cluster random sampling</em> digunakan untuk menetapkan kelas X MIA 3 dan kelas X MIA 5 sebagai sampel penelitian dengan jumlah sampel sebanyak 72 orang. Data penelitian ini berupa data pemecahan masalah matematika dan kemandirian belajar siswa masing-masing dikumpulkan dengan tes essai dan kuesioner yang selanjutnya dianalisis dengan uji Manova dengan taraf signifikansi 5%. Hasil analisis data menujukkan bahwa nilai F dari uji <em>wilks lambda</em> sebesar 11,488 dengan nilai signifikasi 0,000. Jika nilai signifikansi 0,000 dibandingkan dengan alpha 0,05 maka nilai tersebut jauh lebih kecil dan dapat diputuskan untuk menolak H₀. Berdasarkan hasil tersebut, dapat disimpulkan bahwa penerapan pembelajaran PBL berbantuan CBT berpengaruh positif terhadap kemampuan pemecahan masalah dan kemandirian belajar siswa SMA Negeri 2 Kuta.

ANALISIS PENGARUH DISPOSISI MATEMATIKA TERHADAP KEMAMPUAN KOMUNIKASI DAN PEMECAHAN MASALAH

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh disposisi matematika pada kemampuan komunikasi matematika dan pemecahan masalah siswa. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian mix method dengan pendekatan komparatif dan deskriptif. Data disposisi matematika didapatkan dari pengisian angket oleh seluruh siswa kelas VIII SMP N 7 Muara Jambi sedangkan data kemampuan komunikasi dan pemecahan masalah menggunakan tes. Dari pengolahan angket disposisi matematika siswa di kategorikan menjadi dua level yaitu level 2 dan level 3. Setelah data dianalisis menggunakan uji multivariat yaitu uji Pillai’s Trace, Wilks’ Lambda, Hoteling’s Trace, dan Roy’ Largest Root diperoleh hasil berturut-turut adalah 0,429; 0,429; 0,430; 0,149. Nilai-nilai tersebut > 0,05, sehingga H0 diterima dan dapat disimpulkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan pada rata-rata skor kemampuan komunikasi dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah siswa pada tiap kelompok. Hal ini menunjukkan bahwa disposisi matematika pada level 2 dan 3 tidak mempengaruhi kemampuan komunikasi dan kemampuan pemecahan masalah. Sehingga untuk meningkatkan kemampuan tersebut, guru harus memperhatikan faktor lain yaitu pengetahuan awal, gender, kemampuan membaca, menulis, diskusi, tugas dan strategi yang digunakan guru dalam proses belajar mengajar.

Surface Electromyography Based Core Muscle Fatigue Analysis During Repetitive Plank Using Multivariate Dimensionality Reduction Methods in Boys Aged 12-14

The aims of the study were: 1. To analyse the discriminative power of neuromuscular components for classifying the pre and post muscle fatigued states. 2. To examine whether the modification of neural recruitment strategies become more/less heterogeneous due to fatigue. 3. To research the effect of Erector Spinae (ES) muscle activity collectively with Rectus Abdominis (RA) and External Oblique (EO) muscle activity to identify the reduced spine stability during fatiguing Plank. Material and methods. Twelve boys (age – 12-14 years, height 148.75 ± 10 cm, body mass 38.9 ± 7.9 kg) participated in the study. Multivariate Discriminant Analysis (DA) and Principal Component Analysis (PCA) were applied to identify the changes in the pattern of the electromyographic signals during muscle fatigue. In DA the Wilks’ lambda, p-value, canonical correlation, classification percentage and structure matrix were used. To evaluate the component validity the standard limit for Kaiser-Meyer-Olkin (KMO) was set at ≥0.529 and the p-value of Bartlett’s test was ≤0.001. The eigenvalues ≥1 were used to determine the number of Principal Components (PCs). The satisfactory percentage of non-redundant residuals were set at ≤50% with standard value >0.05. The absolute value of average communality (x̄ h2) and component loadings were set at ≥0.6, ≥0.4 respectively. Results. Standardized canonical discriminant analysis showed that pre and post fatigued conditions were significantly different (p = 0.000, Wilks’ lambda = 0.297, χ2 = 24.914, df=3). The structure matrix showed that the parameter that correlated highly with the discriminant function was ES ARV (0.514). The results showed that the classification accuracy was 95.8% between fatigued conditions. In PCA the KMO values were reduced [0.547Pre fatigue vs. 0.264Post fatigue]; the value of Bartlett’s sphericity test was in pre χ2 = 90.72 (p = 0.000) and post fatigue χ2 = 85.32 (p = 0.000); The Promax criterion with Kaiser Normalization was applied because the component rotation was non-orthogonal [Component Correlation Matrix (rCCM) = 0.520 Pre fatigue >0.3Absolute<0.357Post fatigue]. In pre fatigue two PCs (cumulative s2 – 80.159%) and post fatigue three PCs (cumulative s2 – 83.845%) had eigenvalues ≥1. The x̄ h2 increased [0.802 Pre fatigue vs. 0.838 Post fatigue] and the percentage of nonredundant residuals reduced [50% Pre fatigue vs. 44% Post fatigue] from pre to post fatigue. Conclusions. The variability and heterogeneity increase in the myoelectric signals due to fatigue. The co-activity of antagonist ES muscle is significantly sensitive to identify the deteriorating spine stability during the fatiguing Plank. Highly correlated motor unit recruitment strategies between ES and RA, providing supportive evidence to the concept of shared agonist-antagonist motoneuron pool or “Common Drive” phenomenon during fatigue.

Discriminant models of the possibility of occurrence and course of psoriasis in men of the general group and different somatotypes depending on the characteristics of anthropo-somatotypological indicators

Significant prevalence and multifactorial occurrence of psoriasis are the main reasons why this disease has been studied for years by scientists in the field of dermatology. Finding tools to predict the occurrence and severity of this disease is one of the key unrealized areas of modern medicine in the field of skin diseases. The purpose of the study is to build and analyze discriminant models of the possibility and features of psoriasis course in Ukrainian men without and taking into account the somatotype, depending on the structure and size of the body. Anthropometric and somatotypological examination of 82 practically healthy and 100 patients with mild and severe psoriasis was performed. Construction of discriminant models of the possibility of occurrence and features of psoriasis depending on anthropo-somatotypological indicators is performed in the license package “Statistica 5.5”. It was found that men of the general group and representatives of the mesomorphic somatotype can reliably interpret the obtained classification indicators both between healthy and patients with psoriasis of different course, and between men with psoriasis of mild and severe course (correctness 84.1% of cases, statistics Wilks’ Lambda=0.074, р<0.001 in the general group, correctness 83.6% of cases, statistics Wilks’ Lambda=0.077, р<0.001 in mesomorphic somatotype). In men of endo-mesomorphic somatotype, a reliable interpretation of the obtained classification indicators is possible only between healthy and psoriatic men (correctness 84.6%, statistics Wilks’ Lambda=0.027, р<0.001). Discriminant models in men of the general group include body diameters and SFT (44.4% each) and the fat component of body weight (11.1% each); in men of mesomorphic somatotype – body diameters (57.1%), SFT (28.6%) and body surface area (14.3%); in men of endo-mesomorphic somatotype – body diameters (60.0%) and SFT on the thigh and the height of the finger anthropometric point (20.0% each). The greatest contribution to discrimination in men of the general group and representatives of the mesomorphic somatotype is made by shoulder width, and in men of endo-mesomorphic somatotype – shoulder width, interspinous and intercristal distances. The results obtained, especially in the division of men into somatotypes, indicate a high genetic predisposition to psoriasis.

Use of Force Account Procurement Method for Development of Small and Medium Contracting Firms in Mbeya

The study investigates on the value of using force account procurement method in development of small and medium contracting firms. To explicitly reveal what is behind the scene three objectives were formulated which were:-to examine the features of force account in procurement undertakings; to determine the value behind force account procurement method in procurement process towards development of SME and; to assess the bottleneck over effective enforcement of force account policy. The target population being (30) contractors, engineers and technicians employed with TANROADs, TARURA, TANESCO, and REA and those self employed (37) in Mbeya. Snow ball sampling technique was used to obtain a total of 67 respondents deduced. The semi-structured intereview and checklists schedules being used to gather the facts then descriptively and through the use of simple frequencies and percentage the reality was revealed:- force accounts involves local contractors by 100% executing contracts defined under force account policy to its end. Moreover force account is 100% local community participation procurement regularities; force account increases competence (70%); experience (66%) and financial capacitating (59%) of local contractors. Furthermore it was revealed that though projects assigned under force account are to be executed by indigenous contractors by 100% but from the field area it was found only 50% to be sustained. This gap of >50% of contracts under force account none executed was revealed to be caused by technical deficiency given the wilks’ lambda, λ<0.9; management incompetence given -X<5.0 and δ2>0.05; cases over (unethical practices reported >60%; financial difficulties >54.7%; and tax burden >60%).

Discriminant Canonical Tool for Differential Biometric Characterization of Multivariety Endangered Hen Breeds

This study aimed to develop a tool to perform the morphological characterization of Sureña and Utrerana breeds, two endangered autochthonous breeds ascribed to the Mediterranean trunk of Spanish autochthonous hens and their varieties (n = 608; 473 females and 135 males). Kruskal–Wallis H test reported sex dimorphism pieces of evidence (p < 0.05 at least). Multicollinearity analysis reported (variance inflation factor (VIF) >5 variables were discarded) white nails, ocular ratio, and back length (Wilks’ lambda values of 0.191, 0.357, and 0.429, respectively) to have the highest discriminant power in female morphological characterization. For males, ocular ratio and black/corneous and white beak colors (Wilks’ lambda values of 0.180, 0.210, and 0.349, respectively) displayed the greatest discriminant potential. The first two functions explained around 90% intergroup variability. A stepwise discriminant canonical analysis (DCA) was used to determine genotype clustering patterns. Interbreed and varieties proximity was evaluated through Mahalanobis distances. Despite the adaptability capacity to alternative production systems ascribed to both avian breeds, Sureña and Utrerana morphologically differ. Breed dimorphism may evidence differential adaptability mechanisms linked to their aptitude (dual purpose/egg production). The present tool may serve as a model for the first stages of breed protection to be applicable in other endangered avian breeds worldwide.

MODEL PEMBELAJARAN KOOPERATIF TIPE MAKE A MATCH BERBANTUAN MEDIA PETA PIKIRAN, KETERAMPILAN SOSIAL DAN KOMPETENSI PENGETAHUAN ILMU PENGETAHUAN SOSIAL (IPS)

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis perbedaan keterampilan sosial dan kompetensi pengetahuan IPS antara siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match berbantuan media peta pikiran dengan siswa yang mengikuti pembelajaran dengan model konvensional. Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian kuantitatif dengan disain penelitian eksperimen semu melalui rancangan Posttest-Only Control Design. Populasi penelitian ini adalah siswa kelas VIII SMP Negeri 2 Singaraja pada tahun ajaran 2019/2020 yang berjumlah 341 orang, tersebar di sepuluh kelas. Penentuan sampel penelitian dengan random sampling, ditentukan kelas VIII 4 terpilih sebagai kelas eksperimen dan kelas VIII 2 sebagai kelas kontrol dengan jumlah masing-masing sampel 34 orang. Data dikumpulkan dengan kuesioner dan tes yang selanjutnya data dianalisis dengan manova sebagai uji hipotesis. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: (1) terdapat perbedaan keterampilan sosial antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match berbantuan media peta pikiran dengan siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional dengan F hitung = 78,743 (p < 0,05), (2) terdapat perbedaan kompetensi pengetahuan IPS antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match berbantuan media peta pikiran dengan siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional dengan Fhitung = 125,434 (p < 0,05), dan (3) terdapat perbedaan keterampilan sosial dan kompetensi pengetahuan IPS secara simultan antara siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran kooperatif tipe Make A Match berbantuan media peta pikiran dengan siswa yang mengikuti model pembelajaran konvensional dengan F Wilks' Lambda = 1644,722 (p < 0,05).