scholarly journals PNPLA3 Polymorphisms and Liver Aminotransferase Levels in a Mexican American Population

2012 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 237 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quan Li ◽  
Hui-Qi Qu ◽  
Anne R. Rentfro ◽  
Megan L. Grove ◽  
Shaper Mirza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Association ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
American Population ◽  
Genetic Associations ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Elevated Liver Enzymes ◽  
Mexican American Population

Purpose: This study examined genetic associations of patatin-like phospholipase domain containing 3 gene (PNPLA3) polymorphisms and liver aminotransferases in an extensively documented, randomly recruited Mexican American population at high risk of liver disease. Methods: Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP) in the PNPLA3 gene (i.e., rs738409 and rs2281135) were genotyped in 1532 individuals. Population stratification was corrected by the genotyping of 103 ancestry informative markers (AIMs) for Mexican Americans. Results: Both PNPLA3 SNPs showed highly significant association with alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, but was also, in males, associated with aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels. Haplotypic association test of the two SNPs suggested stronger genetic association with rs738409 than rs2281135. Obvious sex effects were observed: rs738409-sex interaction in ALT levels P=8.37x10-4; rs738409-sex interaction in AST levels P=5.03x10-3. Conclusions: This population study highlights a sex-specific association of PNPLA3 polymorphisms and elevated liver enzymes in a population-based study, independent of common pathological factors of the metabolic syndrome. The strong genetic association found in women≤50 years old, but not in women > 50 years old, suggests that sex hormones may mediate the sex effect.

Effects of Ethnicity, Sex, and Age on MMPI Profiles

1979 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 591-597 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Janet Hibbs ◽  
Joseph C. Kobos ◽  
Josue Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Cultural Factors ◽  
Mexican American Women ◽  
American Population ◽  
Psychopathic Deviate ◽  
Anglo American ◽  
And Function ◽  
Mexican American Population

Planned comparisons of Mexican-American and Anglo-American profiles were made to probe previous inconsistent findings regarding source of scale differences. While cultural and socioeconomic factors have been demonstrated to affect this inventory, variables of ethnicity, sex, and age and their interactions have not been thoroughly assessed, due to variations in methodology, populations, and sample sizes. The applicability of MMPI to the Mexican-American population was also questioned. Variables of ethnicity, sex, and age, allowed to vary and function as independent measures through multiple analyses of variance, proved to be potent sources of variance. Cultural factors seem related to elevations for the Mexican-Americans on the Lie and Frequency scales. Effects attributable to sex alone occurred on the Hypochondriasis, Masculinity-Femininity, and Mania scales. Elevations on the Hypochondriasis, Psychopathic Deviate, and Paranoia scales were linked to effects of age. Elevations for Mexican-American women on the Hypochondriasis and Paranoia scales were ascribed to the interaction of ethnicity and sex. An interaction of sex and age occurred on the Correction scale, with women elevating the scale as a function of aging.

Language as a representation of Mexican American identity

English Today ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 44-48
Author(s):  
Carmen Fought
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Minority Ethnic Group ◽  
American Population ◽  
Large Numbers ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Mexican American Population

Demographic data indicate that the English of Mexican Americans is destined to play a key role in the sociolinguistic study of language variation in the United States. In fact, Mexican American speakers are reported to account for more than 12.5% of the U.S. population. In 2003, the U.S. Census released data showing that Latinos and Latinas had replaced African Americans as the largest minority ethnic group in the U.S., and by 2007, 29.2 million Americans listed their ancestry as Mexican (Pew Hispanic Center, 2009). Moreover, in addition to the large numbers of Mexicans (first generation) and Mexican Americans (second generation) living in the Southwest, we are now seeing a new representation of these ethnic groups in other areas, such as the South. For example, between 1990 and 2000, North Carolina experienced a higher percentage of growth in its Mexican American population than any other state (Wolfram, Carter & Moriello, 2004).These statistics are important with respect to language because they reveal that a large and increasing population of English speakers in the U.S. are Latinos and Latinas of Mexican origin. Our notion of American English, then, must be extended to include the variety traditionally spoken by the children of Mexican immigrants in the U.S., generally referred to in the literature as Chicano English. In addition, if we look at the Mexican American population as a whole, we will find a number of other varieties of English spoken.

scholarly journals Chemerin Is Associated with Metabolic Syndrome Phenotypes in a Mexican-American Population

2009 ◽  
Vol 94 (8) ◽  
pp. 3085-3088 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kiymet Bozaoglu ◽  
David Segal ◽  
Katherine A. Shields ◽  
Nik Cummings ◽  
Joanne E. Curran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
American Population ◽  
Mexican American Population

Abstract TP182: Stroke Outcome in Mexican American Immigrants and Non-Immigrants

Stroke ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis B Morgenstern ◽  
Lynda Lisabeth ◽  
River Gibbs ◽  
Sehee Kim ◽  
Charles Agyemang
Keyword(s):  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cognitive Outcome ◽  
Stroke Outcome ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Corpus Christi ◽  
Project Outcomes ◽  
Stroke Study ◽  
The U.S

Background/Objective: We studied the association of being born outside of the U.S. (immigrant) or born in the U.S. (non-immigrant) with 90 day post-stroke outcomes in a population-based stroke study in Texas. Methods: Stroke cases from 2008-2016 were identified from the Brain Attack Surveillance in Corpus Christi (BASIC) project. Outcomes among survivors included ADL/IADL score (higher scores worse) for functional assessment, 3MSE (cognition, lower scores worse), and NIHSS Score (neurologic, higher scores worse). Weighted linear regression models were used to assess the effect of immigration status on the outcomes. Analysis was completed using multiple imputation and inverse probability weighting to account for differential attrition. Results: Of 935 Mexican Americans available for analysis, 83 were immigrants and 852 were non-immigrants. Immigrants had resided in the U.S. on average 47 years. Immigrants were significantly older (69 vs. 66 years), more likely male (60% vs. 49%), more likely to have atrial fibrillation and have less education than non-immigrants (all p<0.05). No differences in hypertension, diabetes, cholesterol, insurance, smoking or other comorbidities existed. The Table provides the data from the fully adjusted models. Immigrants had better functional outcome (mean difference (MD) = -0.22; p=0.02), and no difference for neurologic outcome (MD= -0.15; p=0.15). There was an association of worse cognitive outcome in immigrants (MD= -5.25; p=0.009), however, the association was explained by attenuated after the adjustment for the lower educational attainment in immigrants (MD= -0.79; p=0.64). Conclusions: In this community, there was no evidence of worse stroke outcome among Mexican American immigrants, who had lived in the U.S. for decades, compared with non-immigrants. Further studies of more recent immigrant populations are warranted.

Abstract P302: Ethnic Difference of Cardiorespiratory Fitness and Related to Factors in Young Adults: The Nhanes 1999-2004

Circulation ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 137 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Seok LEE ◽  
Zhiwei Zhang ◽  
Karen Xu ◽  
Yong-Moon Park
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk Factors ◽  
Cardiorespiratory Fitness ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Fitness ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Fitness Level

Background: Cardiorespiratory fitness is a distinct health characteristic that relates to the ability to perform physical activity. Higher cardiorespiratory fitness was reported to have reverse relationship with overall mortality and morbidity rates due to various chronic disease. The assessment of cardiorespiratory fitness was measured by maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max; mL/kg/minute) on a submaximal treadmill test. This study was aimed to examine cardiorespiratory fitness among U.S. adults 20-49 years of age, to describe the distribution of cardiorespiratory fitness and cardiovascular risk factors depends on different ethnicity for without physical limitations or indications of cardiovascular disease. Method: Data from the 1999-2004, National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey were used to describe the distribution of cardiorespiratory fitness for adults 20-49 years of age. 8324 out of 31126 subjects have valid values of cardiopulmonary fitness in the dataset with 5391 in low category of cardiorespiratory fitness (VO 2 max < 27), 2606 in medium category (37.1 > VO 2 max ≥27) and 327 in high category (37.1 ≥ VO 2 max). The risk factors for cardiopulmonary fitness was assessed by using logistic regression after adjusting all cardiovascular risk factors. All data were analyzed using SAS Ver. 9.4. Result: Overall, there is no significant association of cardiorespiratory fitness with ethnicity ( P =0.08). 65.9% of study population was male in all races. Among, non-Hispanic whites, those with 25 m 2 /kg > BMI had better cardiorespiratory fitness (more than 37.1 mL/kg/minute) than those with BMI ≥ 35 [Odds ratio (OR): 0.496, Confidence Interval (CI): 0.258-0.957]. A similar pattern was observed for Mexican Americans. Non-Hispanic black with 25 m 2 /kg > BMI had better cardiorespiratory fitness than ones with BMI ≥ 35 m 2 /kg [OR:0.137, CI:0.059-0.318], 35 m 2 /kg > BMI≥30 m 2 /kg [OR:0.269, CI:0.124-0.583], 30 m 2 /kg > BMI≥25 m 2 /kg [OR: 0.241,0.123-0.318]. Non-Hispanic white with higher diastolic blood pressure over 90 mmHg had tendency to have lower cardiorespiratory fitness. Among metabolic panel, only Mexican American with LDL<100 mg/dl has higher cardiorespiratory fitness [OR:0.559, CI:0.319-0.981]. Discussion: Our findings on cardiorespiratory fitness level among non-Hispanic blacks, non-Hispanic whites and Mexican Americans are similar to previously reported studies, however, non-Hispanic black had different risk factors related to cardiorespiratory fitness, especially significant benefit from lower BMI less than 25 m 2 /kg since other ethnicities with BMI less than 25 m 2 /kg had benefit only compared to BMI> 35 m 2 /kg. These results can be used to improve cardiorespiratory fitness level for future population based on ethnicities. The different risk factors in fitness status can also be used to develop health policies and targeted educational campaigns.

Attitudes About Immigration

2019 ◽  
pp. 146-177
Author(s):  
Edward Telles ◽  
Christina A. Sue
Keyword(s):  
Ethnic Group ◽  
Mexican Americans ◽  
Mexican American ◽  
Mexican Immigrants ◽  
American Identity ◽  
American Population ◽  
Attitudes Toward Immigrants ◽  
Small Minority ◽  
Mexican Heritage ◽  
The Media

This chapter addresses Mexican Americans’ attitudes about Mexican immigrants in the context of mass immigration. In addition to the boundary that exists between persons of Mexican heritage and non-Latinos, there is another important social boundary operating that highlights Mexican Americans’ understandings of their own ethnicity and American identity—the boundary between Mexican immigrants and themselves. Study respondents displayed a broad range of attitudes toward immigrants, illustrating the internal diversity of the Mexican American population, which runs contrary to their treatment in the media as a homogeneous ethnic group in terms of attitudes, politics, and voting. This chapter also demonstrates the underlying ideologies, philosophies, and rationales that respondents used to justify their immigration positions: whereas many framed their views based on American ideals, only a small minority framed them in terms of their ethnicity, basing their perceptions in an understanding of Mexican immigrants as co-ethnics.

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