REVIEW: APPLICATION OF BROMELAIN ENZYMES IN ANIMAL FOOD PRODUCTS

This review focuses on the use of bromelain in various applications in animal products with the latest literature so that it can provide information on what parts of this enzyme can be applied. Bromelain is a protease enzyme found in stems (EC 3.4.22.32), leaves, crowns, fruit skins, fruit flesh (EC 3.4.22.33) and fruit tubers in pineapple. Bromelain has been exploited commercially in many applications in the food industry (baking industry), drinks industry (stabilizers in beer), tenders (meat), and pharmaceuticals (anti-tumorigenic agents). However, not all types of proteins can be hydrolyzed by bromelain, such as keratin which can only be hydrolyzed by keratinase, this is because the enzymes work specifically. In animal food products, bromelain is applied as a meat tenderizer, making of protein hydrolyzate products, cheese and also fish sauce product. The application of bromelain to animal food products has proven that hydrolyzed products using this enzyme can increase umami taste, which means that bromelain has great potential when applied to animal food products. Bromelain is useful in the processing of some animal food products because bromelain works specifically and is very active in animal protein such as milk, meat and collagen.

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Cryptosporidium: An Emerging Concern for the Food Industry

Journal of Food Protection ◽

10.4315/0362-028x-54.1.53 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 53-57 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

JONATHAN C. HOSKIN ◽

R. EUGENE WRIGHT

Keyword(s):

Diagnostic Tests ◽

Food Industry ◽

Animal Species ◽

Food Products ◽

Treatment Regime ◽

Materials Testing ◽

Animal Food ◽

Testing Procedures ◽

Contaminated Food ◽

Animal Food Products

Cryptosporidium is a protozoon producing infective oocysts causing human diarrhea that is fatal under certain conditions. The disease, Cryptosporidiosis, has been reported in 18 animal species to date. Each species can transmit the disease to man. No drug or treatment regime has effected a cure of cryptosporidiosis in man or animals. Standard cleaning and sanitizing solutions are not effective against Cryptosporidium, but the oocysts are susceptible to heat and drying. Simple diagnostic tests are available for detection of oocysts in feces; however, they are not devised for food materials. Testing procedures are needed for routine detection of Cryptosporidium in animal food products and potentially contaminated food products. Then an evaluation of the magnitude of the problem in the food industry can be done.

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Foods for Plant-Based Diets: Challenges and Innovations

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10020293 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 293

Author(s):

Alexandra Alcorta ◽

Adrià Porta ◽

Amparo Tárrega ◽

María Dolores Alvarez ◽

M. Pilar Vaquero

Keyword(s):

Food Industry ◽

Consumer Acceptance ◽

Nutritional Deficiencies ◽

Design And Technology ◽

Environmental Footprint ◽

Animal Food ◽

Nutrition And Dietetics ◽

Food Design ◽

Clear Information ◽

Animal Food Products

Plant-based diets have become popular as a means of reducing the environmental footprint of the diet and promoting human health and animal welfare. Although the percentages of vegetarians and vegans are low compared to omnivores, their numbers have increased significantly in the last years. The use of non-animal food products other than meat alternatives is also increasing and this tendency constitutes an opportunity for the food industry. In this review, we present that plant-based meat and milk alternatives are consolidated but that there is a niche for egg, seafood alternatives, and new products which may not resemble any traditional animal food. However, not all animal food substitutes are sustainable and some of them are even ultra-processed. In addition, there are concerns on safety and labeling, and consumers demand clear information and regulation. The challenges in this field are connected with food design and technology, sensory science, nutrition, and dietetics. Moreover, adequate selection and combination of foods is important in order to achieve consumer acceptance while preventing nutritional deficiencies in those who choose this type of diet.

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Shortcomings in USEPA's Approach for Predicting Risk Due to Consumption of Animal Food Products Impacted by Air Emissions from Hazardous Waste Combustion Facilities: A Case Study Involving Phthalates

Human and Ecological Risk Assessment An International Journal ◽

10.1080/1080-700291905855 ◽

2002 ◽

Vol 8 (5) ◽

pp. 1137-1154 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Roberta L. Grant ◽

Rosita J. Rodriguez ◽

Chris S. Hofelt ◽

Laurie C. Haws

Keyword(s):

Hazardous Waste ◽

Food Products ◽

Air Emissions ◽

Animal Food ◽

Waste Combustion ◽

Animal Food Products

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Figuring the pecking order

European Journal of Marketing ◽

10.1108/ejm-10-2017-0749 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 52 (12) ◽

pp. 2334-2355

Author(s):

Shona M. Bettany ◽

Ben Kerrane

Keyword(s):

Food Preference ◽

Food Preferences ◽

Food Product ◽

Food Products ◽

Policy Makers ◽

Animal Food ◽

Interpretive Study ◽

Full Compliance ◽

The Family ◽

Animal Food Products

PurposeUsing the family activity of hobby stock-keeping (“petstock”) as a context, this paper aims to extend singularization theory to model the negotiations, agencies and resistances of children, parents and petstock, as they work through how animals become food within the boundaries of the family home. In doing so, the authors present an articulation of this process, deciphering the cultural biographies of petstock and leading to an understanding of the emergent array of child animal food-product preferences.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from petstock-keeping parents through a mixture of ethnographic, in-depth interviewing and netnographic engagements in this qualitative, interpretive study; with parents offering experiential insights into animal meat and food-product socialization behaviours played out within the family environments.FindingsThe findings discuss the range of parental behaviours, motivations and activities vis-à-vis petstock, and their children’s responses, ranging from transgression to full compliance, in terms of eating home-raised animal food-products. The discussion illustrates that in the context of petstock, a precocious child food preference agency towards animal meat and food products is reported to emerge.Research limitations/implicationsThis research has empirical and theoretical implications for the understanding of the development of child food preference agency vis-à-vis animal food products in the context of family petstock keeping.Practical implicationsThe research has the potential to inform policy makers around child education and food in regard to how child food preferences emerge and can inform marketers developing food-based communications aimed at children and parents.Originality/valueTwo original contributions are presented: an analysis of the under-researched area of how children’s food preferences towards eating animal food products develop, taking a positive child food-choice agency perspective, and a novel extension of singularization theory, theorizing the radical transformation, from animal to food, encountered by children in the petstock context.

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