scholarly journals KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH SUB DAS AIR BATANANG DAS SUMPUR KECAMATAN BATIPUH KABUPATEN TANAH DATAR

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽  
Amrizal Saidi ◽  
Al Asfhihani Elnita
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Undisturbed Soil ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Fine Clay ◽  
Bulk Volume

Excessive utilization of natural resource by human being will affect the sustainability of agriculture, land and environment.  This is due to degradation of soil physical properties in the area.  A research about study of soil physical properties had been taken out in a sub-sub watershed Batanang of Sumpur watershed, Batipuh, Tanah Datar Regency, in West Sumatra.  The research was conducted by surveying the area in 2006.  Disturbed and undisturbed soil samples were taken in different land units.  Then, soil samples were analysed at soil laboratory, Agriculture College, Andalas University Padang.  The result showed that all of land units in this sub sub watersehed had the same soil texture class, that was fine clay.  The bulk volume of the soil was higher in Mixed woodland unit than those in forest land units.  Permeability value of the soil was higher at forest from all degrees of slope than that at mixed woodland, even though soil organic matter content of mixed woodland unit higher than that at forest with 25-45% slope.Keywords: Sub watershed (DAS), forest,  land unit, soil physical properties

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KESUBURAN TANAH DENGAN PRODUKTIVITAS TANAMAN

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 27
Author(s):  
Asmar Asmar ◽  
Amrizal Saidi ◽  
Masliyunas Masliyunas
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Organic C

A research about relationship between soil properties and crop yield was conducted in Pandai Sikek, Tanah Datar Region, center for cabbage and carrot production, West Sumatra in 2004 and 2005.  Soil samples were collected from rainfed paddy soils by purposive random sampling.  Soil samples were analyzed in Soil Laboratory, Agriculture Faculty and Agriculture Polytechnique Laboratory, Andalas University.  Several soil physical properties analysed were soil bulk density and total soil pores by using gravimetric method, permeability with de Boodt method, soil water content at several pF values using pressure plate apparatus, and soil strength by using penetrometer.   Soil chemical parameters analysed were soil pH using pH-meter, organic-C using Walkley and Black, available P using Bray II, and cation exchange capacity using NH4-leaching at pH 7.0, and N-total using Kjehdhal method.  Crop productions were sampled from a 3x3 m2 of soil sampling area.  The result showed that soils planted by cabbage and carrot had good soil physical properties, such as having balanced pore size distribution.  The chemical properties of the soils were good as well, except N, K- and Ca-exchangeable which were very low.  The other soil properties were quite good.  Soil physical properties gave different response on both crops.  Carrots were more response aeration pore and soil organic matter content, then cabbage was more response on BV, TSP, and slow drainage pores.  While soil chemical properties did not give significant response.  Both crops responded on Ca, but cabbage was more response on N-total, and carrot on CEC and saturated cationKey Words: Soil Physical Properties, Soil Fertility, Crop Productivity

scholarly journals KAJIAN SIFAT FISIKA TANAH PADA PERTUMBUHAN TANAMAN MANGGIS (Garcinia mangostana L.) DI KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA

Jurnal Solum ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 78
Author(s):  
Yulnafatmawita Yulnafatmawita ◽  
Adrinal Adrinal ◽  
Sudewi Isminingsih
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Depth ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Total Porosity ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Garcinia Mangostana ◽  
Soil Organic Matter Content ◽  
West Sumatra ◽  
Silty Loam

This research was aimed to evaluate physical properties of soils grown by mangosteen crops in Lima Puluh Kota Regency, especially in Kecamatan Payakumbuh and Kecamatan Guguk, in West Sumatra.   Soils were sampled by using sample rings for undisturbed and by using soil driller for disturbed samples on 0-20, 20-40, and 40-60 cm soil depth.  Soil samples were analyzed in Soil Laboratory Agriculture Faculty, Andalas University, Padang.  The results showed that soil texture in two locations was similar, that was silty loam for the 0-40 cm depth, and clay for the 40-60 depth.  However, generally soil organic matter content in Guguk was lower than that in Payakumbuh, that was medium to low, BV from low to high, total porosity from high to medium, and permeability from high to slightly slow.  Key  Words: Soil physical properties, mangostana

scholarly journals Comparison of wheat and safflower cultivation areas in terms of total carbon and some soil properties under semi-arid climate conditions

2015 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1007-1024
Author(s):  
B. Turgut
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare the soils of the wheat cultivation area (WCA) and the safflower cultivation area (SCA) within semi-arid climate zones in terms of their total carbon, nitrogen, sulphur contents, particle size distribution, aggregate stability, organic matter content, and pH values. This study presents the results from the analyses of 140 soil samples taken at two soil layers (0–10 and 10–20 cm) in the cultivation areas. At the end of the study, it has been established that there were significant differences between the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties such as total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total sulphur (TS) contents and pH, while only the TN content resulted in significantly different between the two soil layers. Moreover significant differences were identified in the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties including clay and sand contents, aggregate stability and organic matter content, whereas the only significant difference found among the soil layers was that of their silt content. Since safflower contains higher amounts of biomass than wheat, we found higher amounts of organic matter content and, therefore, higher amounts of TN and TS content in the soils of the SCA. In addition, due to the fact that wheat contains more cellulose – which takes longer to decompose – the TC content of the soil in the WCA were found to be higher than that of the SCA. The results also revealed that the WCA had a higher carbon storage capacity.

scholarly journals The impact of landscape evolution on soil physics: evolution of soil physical and hydraulic properties along two chronosequences of proglacial moraines

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 3189-3204
Author(s):  
Anne Hartmann ◽  
Markus Weiler ◽  
Theresa Blume
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Data Set ◽  
Soil Chronosequence

Abstract. Soil physical properties highly influence soil hydraulic properties, which define the soil hydraulic behavior. Thus, changes within these properties affect water flow paths and the soil water and matter balance. Most often these soil physical properties are assumed to be constant in time, and little is known about their natural evolution. Therefore, we studied the evolution of physical and hydraulic soil properties along two soil chronosequences in proglacial forefields in the Central Alps, Switzerland: one soil chronosequence developed on silicate and the other on calcareous parent material. Each soil chronosequence consisted of four moraines with the ages of 30, 160, 3000, and 10 000 years at the silicate forefield and 110, 160, 4900, and 13 500 years at the calcareous forefield. We investigated bulk density, porosity, loss on ignition, and hydraulic properties in the form of retention curves and hydraulic conductivity curves as well as the content of clay, silt, sand, and gravel. Samples were taken at three depths (10, 30, 50 cm) at six sampling sites at each moraine. Soil physical and hydraulic properties changed considerably over the chronosequence. Particle size distribution showed a pronounced reduction in sand content and an increase in silt and clay content over time at both sites. Bulk density decreased, and porosity increased during the first 10 millennia of soil development. The trend was equally present at both parent materials, but the reduction in sand and increase in silt content were more pronounced at the calcareous site. The organic matter content increased, which was especially pronounced in the topsoil at the silicate site. With the change in physical soil properties and organic matter content, the hydraulic soil properties changed from fast-draining coarse-textured soils to slow-draining soils with high water-holding capacity, which was also more pronounced in the topsoil at the silicate site. The data set presented in this paper is available at the online repository of the German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ; Hartmann et al., 2020b). The data set can be accessed via the DOI https://doi.org/10.5880/GFZ.4.4.2020.004.

scholarly journals Comparison of wheat and safflower cultivation areas in terms of total carbon and some soil properties under semi-arid climate conditions

Solid Earth ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 719-725 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Turgut
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Aggregate Stability ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Total Carbon ◽  
Arid Climate ◽  
Soil Layers ◽  
Semi Arid

Abstract. The aim of this study was to compare the soils of the wheat cultivation area (WCA) and the safflower cultivation area (SCA) within semi-arid climate zones in terms of their total carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur contents, particle size distribution, aggregate stability, organic matter content, and pH values. This study presents the results from the analyses of 140 soil samples taken at two soil layers (0–10 and 10–20 cm) in the cultivation areas. At the end of the study, it was established that there were significant differences between the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties such as total carbon (TC), total nitrogen (TN), total sulphur (TS) contents and pH, while only the TN content was significantly different between the two soil layers. Moreover, significant differences were identified between the cultivation areas in terms of soil physical properties including clay and sand contents, aggregate stability, and organic matter content, whereas the only significant difference found among the soil layers was that of their silt content. Since safflower contains higher amounts of biomass than wheat, we found higher amounts of organic matter content and, therefore, higher amounts of TN and TS content in the soils of the SCA. In addition, due to the fact that wheat contains more cellulose – which takes longer to decompose – the TC content of the soil in the WCA was found to be higher than that in the SCA. The results also revealed that the WCA had a higher carbon storage capacity.

Degree of compactness, soil physical properties and yield of soybean in six soils under no-tillage

Soil Research ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 311 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. A. S. Suzuki ◽  
J. M. Reichert ◽  
D. J. Reinert
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Uniaxial Compression ◽  
Compression Test ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Uniaxial Compression Test ◽  
No Tillage ◽  
Undisturbed Soil

The ‘degree of compactness’ is a useful parameter to study soil compaction and represents the current bulk density in relation to the bulk density of the same soil in a reference state. The objectives of this study were to: (i) determine the best compression stress to establish the reference bulk density in the uniaxial compression test using undisturbed samples; (ii) quantify the effect of texture on degree of compactness, and (iii) evaluate the influence of degree of compactness on selected soil physical properties and crop yield. Six soils under no-tillage from southern Brazil were used and the reference bulk density was evaluated on soil samples equilibrated to the matric suction of 33 kPa and subjected to uniaxial compression test. Soil macroporosity, mechanical penetration resistance, root growth, and yield of soybean were also evaluated. For undisturbed soil samples, stresses ≥800 kPa (particularly the stress of 1600 kPa) are appropriate to determine the reference bulk density. Degree of compactness is independent of clay content and is associated with changes in soil physical properties. A degree of compactness ~100% restricted root growth of soybean, whereas the highest soybean yield was obtained with a DC of 82% for Alfisols and Ultisol, and 85% for Oxisols.

scholarly journals The impact of landscape evolution on soil physics: Evolution of soil physical and hydraulic properties along two chronosequences of proglacial moraines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Hartmann ◽  
Markus Weiler ◽  
Theresa Blume
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Soil Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Hydraulic Properties ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Soil Physical Properties ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Chronosequence ◽  
Top Soil

Abstract. Soil physical properties highly influence soil hydraulic properties which define the soil hydraulic behavior. Thus, changes within these properties affect water flow paths and the soil water and matter balance. Most often these soil physical properties are assumed to be constant in time and little is known about their natural evolution. Therefore, we studied the evolution of physical and hydraulic soil properties along two soil chronosequences in proglacial forefields in the Central Alps, Switzerland. One soil chronosequence developed on silicate and the other on calcareous parent material. Each soil chronosequence consisted of 4 moraines with the ages of 30, 160, 3000, and 10 000 years at the silicate forefield and 110, 160, 4900, and 13 500 years at the calcareous forefield. We investigated bulk density, porosity, the content of clay, silt, sand, and gravel as well as loss on ignition and hydraulic properties in form of retention curves and hydraulic conductivity curves. Samples were taken in three depths (10, 30, 50 cm) at six sampling sites at each moraine. Soil physical and hydraulic properties change considerably over the chronosequence. Particle size distribution shows a pronounced reduction in sand content and an increase in silt and clay content over time at both sites. Bulk density decreases and porosity increases during the first 10 millenia of soil development. The trend is equally present at both parent materials, but the reduction in sand and increase in silt content was more pronounced at the calcareous site. The organic matter content increases, which is especially pronounced in the top soil at the silicate site. With the change in physical soil properties and organic matter content the hydraulic soil properties change from fast draining coarse textured soils to slow draining soils with high water holding capacity, which is also more pronounced in the top soil at the silicate site. The dataset presented in this paper is available at the online repository of the German Research Center for Geosciences (GFZ, Hartmann et al. (2020b)). The dataset can be accessed via the link: http://pmd.gfz-potsdam.de/panmetaworks/review/f46bd4d822a0766a9c0baf356bc7e55644d65d62d7ab71527f5d80c35eed11e5 and will be published with the DOI specified under the link.

scholarly journals Sorption of Clomazone in Brazilian Soils with Different Physical and Chemical Attributes1

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-364 ◽  
Author(s):  
G.A.M. PEREIRA ◽  
L.H. BARCELLOS JR. ◽  
V.A. GONÇALVES ◽  
D.V. SILVA ◽  
A.T. FARIA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Abstract Knowledge ◽  
Analysis Of Similarity ◽  
Brazilian Soils ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Soils

ABSTRACT Knowledge of herbicides sorption by colloids predicts its movement in the soil profile and its effectiveness in controlling weeds and crops poisoning when directly applied to the soil. This knowledge becomes even more important for herbicides which have long persistence in the soil. In this research, clomazone sorption was estimated by the biological method in Brazilian soil samples with different physical and chemical characteristics, cultivated with sugarcane crops. As an indicator of the presence of clomazone in the soil, Sorghum bicolor was used. The data relating to assessments of poisoning and accumulation of dry matter of the plants were subjected to multivariate analysis of similarity among variables. After that, clomazone doses that caused 50% of intoxication in sorghum plants grown (C50) as well as sorption ratio (SR) of the herbicide in different soil types were estimated. There was similarity greater than 80% for data regarding the percentage of intoxication and accumulated dry matter, with the option to use only those related to the first variable. RS and C50 were higher in Organosol and lower in red-yellow Latosol with and without changing the pH. It was concluded that the clomazone dose to be recommended must be differentiated for different soils, since the value of clomazone sorption in the soil is dependent on its attributes, and the organic matter content is of the utmost importance.

PERSISTENCE OF CHANGES IN SELECTED SOIL CHEMICAL AND PHYSICAL PROPERTIES AFTER PIPELINE INSTALLATION IN SOLONETZIC NATIVE RANGELAND

1987 ◽  
Vol 67 (4) ◽  
pp. 747-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. A. NAETH ◽  
A. W. BAILEY ◽  
W. B. McGILL
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Chemical Changes ◽  
Ecosystem Responses ◽  
Native Prairie ◽  
Natural Gas Pipelines ◽  
Mixed Prairie

A study was conducted in Solonetzic mixed prairie of southern Alberta to evaluate and determine the longevity of selected ecosystem responses to pipeline installation. Five adjacent natural gas pipelines on a series of rights-of-way (ROW) were studied at three sites. The lines, which were installed in 1957, 1963, 1968, 1972 and 1981, had diameters of 86, 86, 91, 107 and 107 cm, respectively. Soils were analyzed for particle size distribution, bulk density, pH, electrical conductivity, ion composition, and organic matter content. It was concluded that pipeline construction in Solonetzic mixed prairie range-land initially tended to improve surface soil chemical and physical properties compared to blowouts, but reduced soil quality in vegetated native prairie. Surface bulk density increased to 1.3–1.6 Mg m−3 from an undisturbed density of 0.9–1.0 Mg m−3. Increased densities were evident to 55 cm in all 1981 transects except the trench where subsurface densities were reduced. Chemical changes were associated with reduced organic matter and increased salts at the surface. On the basis of differences between the various ages of pipelines (1981, youngest; 1957, oldest) there was evidence for greater amelioration of chemical changes than of physical disturbances over time. The time needed to restore half the lost organic matter was estimated to be approximately 50 y. Key words: Pipeline, Solonetzic soil, rangeland (native), soil chemistry, bulk density, reclamation

Diversity of Methanotrophic Bacteria Community between Different Development Stages in Chinese Temperate Forest

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 4226-4231
Author(s):  
Xing Bo Zheng ◽  
Xin Sui ◽  
Jun Qiang Zheng ◽  
Shi Jie Han ◽  
Guan Hua Dai
Keyword(s):  
Forest Succession ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Diversity Indices ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Changbai Mountains ◽  
Forest Land ◽  
Community Structures ◽  
Similarity Coefficients ◽  
Aerobic Methanotrophs ◽  
Succession Process

The method of terminal restriction fragment length polymorphism (T-RFLP) was used to study the community structures and diversities of aerobic methanotrophs by the key functional genes pmoA in the forest land soils of Changbai Mountains in China. And the effects of soil factors on them were also evaluated, and then the mechanism of microbiological communities in forest land soils response to the forest succession were discussed. The results showed that the diversity indices of aerobic methanotrophs were higher, and community structures appeared more complicated at the later plots. Their similarity coefficients gradually declined from the middle of the forest succession to the adjacent forest, indicating communities dynamic succession. During succession process, soil moisture and organic matter content had significant influence on it. The microbial communities were under the stress of succession process, which led to more emission of other greenhouse-gas from forest soils.

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