scholarly journals Perencanaan Pengiriman Pasokan Bahan Bakar Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) untuk Pemenuhan Pembangkit Listrik di Wilayah Indonesia Timur

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-124
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riduwan ◽  
Dika Virginia
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Linear Programming ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Plant Development ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Unit Cost ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Lng Fuel ◽  
Liquid Natural Gas

Pertumbuhan ekonomi Indonesia yang berada pada rata rata 5,8% per tahun tidak hanya berdampak pada peningkatan kesejahteraan masyarakat secara umum tetapi juga peningkatan kebutuhan tenaga listrik. Antisipasi peningkatan permintaan tenaga listrik perlu direncanakan guna pengembangan pembangkit listrik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menentukan model transportasi terpadu angkutan LNG untuk pembangkit di Kepulauan Maluku dan Papua. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode optimasi menggunakan linear programming untuk mendapatkan tipe kapal yang sesuai pada rute terpilih yang memberikan biaya satuan minimum. Hasil optimasi menunjukkan bahwa 9 titik terminal penerima akhir disuplai langsung dari Kilang Tangguh dengan biaya satuan terendah adalah tujuan Sorong sebesar Rp230.000/m³, 6 titik melalui Hub Ambon dengan biaya satuan terendah adalah tujuan Kulur sebesar Rp280.000/ m³, 7 titik disuplai Hub Ternate dengan biaya satuan terendah adalah tujuan Tidore sebesar Rp230.000/ m³ dan 5 sisanya disuplai melalui Hub Manokwari dengan biaya satuan terendah adalah tujuan Biak sebesar Rp340.000/ m³.Planning for Delivery of Liquid Natural Gas (LNG) Fuel for Fulfillment of Power Plants in Eastern Indonesia. Indonesia's economic growth, which is at an average of 5.8% per year, not only has an impact on improving the welfare of the community in general but also increases the demand for electricity. PT PLN (Persero) has anticipated an increase in demand for electricity by making a power plant development plan. This study aims to determine an integrated transportation model for LNG transportation for power plants in the Maluku Islands and Papua. The method used in this research is the linear programming optimization method to obtain the appropriate ship type on the selected route, which provides a minimum unit cost. The optimization results show that 9 points of the final terminal will be supplied directly from the Tangguh Refinery which the lowest unit cost is in Sorong as the destination, 6 points through the Ambon Hub which the lowest unit cost is in Kulur as the destination, 7 points supplied by the Ternate Hub which the lowest unit cost is in Tidore as the destination of, and the remaining 5 will be supplied via the Manokwari Hub which the lowest unit cost is in Biak as the destination, IDR 230,000 / m³,  IDR 280,000 / m³, IDR 230,000 / m³, IDR 340,000 / m³, respectively.

Fuzzy multi-objective decision making approach for nuclear power plant installation

2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 6339-6350
Author(s):  
Esra Çakır ◽  
Ziya Ulukan
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Nuclear Power Plant ◽  
Energy Supply ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Total Duration ◽  
Objective Functions ◽  
Multi Objective

Due to the increase in energy demand, many countries suffer from energy poverty because of insufficient and expensive energy supply. Plans to use alternative power like nuclear power for electricity generation are being revived among developing countries. Decisions for installation of power plants need to be based on careful assessment of future energy supply and demand, economic and financial implications and requirements for technology transfer. Since the problem involves many vague parameters, a fuzzy model should be an appropriate approach for dealing with this problem. This study develops a Fuzzy Multi-Objective Linear Programming (FMOLP) model for solving the nuclear power plant installation problem in fuzzy environment. FMOLP approach is recommended for cases where the objective functions are imprecise and can only be stated within a certain threshold level. The proposed model attempts to minimize total duration time, total cost and maximize the total crash time of the installation project. By using FMOLP, the weighted additive technique can also be applied in order to transform the model into Fuzzy Multiple Weighted-Objective Linear Programming (FMWOLP) to control the objective values such that all decision makers target on each criterion can be met. The optimum solution with the achievement level for both of the models (FMOLP and FMWOLP) are compared with each other. FMWOLP results in better performance as the overall degree of satisfaction depends on the weight given to the objective functions. A numerical example demonstrates the feasibility of applying the proposed models to nuclear power plant installation problem.

Energy and Exergy Analyses of a Power Plant With Carbon Dioxide Capture Using Multistage Chemical Looping Combustion

2016 ◽  
Vol 139 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bilal Hassan ◽  
Oghare Victor Ogidiama ◽  
Mohammed N. Khan ◽  
Tariq Shamim
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Efficiency Gain

A thermodynamic model and parametric analysis of a natural gas-fired power plant with carbon dioxide (CO2) capture using multistage chemical looping combustion (CLC) are presented. CLC is an innovative concept and an attractive option to capture CO2 with a significantly lower energy penalty than other carbon-capture technologies. The principal idea behind CLC is to split the combustion process into two separate steps (redox reactions) carried out in two separate reactors: an oxidation reaction and a reduction reaction, by introducing a suitable metal oxide which acts as an oxygen carrier (OC) that circulates between the two reactors. In this study, an Aspen Plus model was developed by employing the conservation of mass and energy for all components of the CLC system. In the analysis, equilibrium-based thermodynamic reactions with no OC deactivation were considered. The model was employed to investigate the effect of various key operating parameters such as air, fuel, and OC mass flow rates, operating pressure, and waste heat recovery on the performance of a natural gas-fired power plant with multistage CLC. The results of these parameters on the plant's thermal and exergetic efficiencies are presented. Based on the lower heating value, the analysis shows a thermal efficiency gain of more than 6 percentage points for CLC-integrated natural gas power plants compared to similar power plants with pre- or post-combustion CO2 capture technologies.

Real-Time Thermodynamic Performance Monitoring and Optimum Thermoeconomic Operation of Power Plants

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Hariharan ◽  
B. Kosanovic
Keyword(s):  
Linear Programming ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Real Time ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Recursive Least Squares ◽  
Time Data ◽  
Real Time Data ◽  
One Step ◽  
Inputs And Outputs

The ability of modern power plant data acquisition systems to provide a continuous real-time data feed can be exploited to carry out interesting research studies. In the first part of this study, real-time data from a power plant is used to carry out a comprehensive heat balance calculation. The calculation involves application of the first law of thermodynamics to each powerhouse component. Stoichiometric combustion principles are applied to calculate emissions from fossil fuel consuming components. Exergy analysis is carried out for all components by the combined application of the first and second laws of thermodynamics. In the second part of this study, techniques from the field of System Identification and Linear Programming are brought together in finding thermoeconomically optimum plant operating conditions one step ahead in time. This is done by first using autoregressive models to make short-term predictions of plant inputs and outputs. Then, parameter estimation using recursive least squares is used to determine the relations between the predicted inputs and outputs. The estimated parameters are used in setting up a linear programming problem which is solved using the simplex method. The end result is knowledge of thermoeconomically optimum plant inputs and outputs one step ahead in time.

SANITARY PROTECTION ZONES BY NOISE FACTOR FROM GAS DISTRIBUTION POINTS

Akustika ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 133-137
Author(s):  
Vladimir Tupov ◽  
Vitaliy Skvortsov
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Thermal Power Plant ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Design Stage ◽  
Thermal Power Plants ◽  
Gas Distribution ◽  
Surrounding Area ◽  
Protection Zone

The power equipment of thermal power plants is a source of noise to the surrounding area. One of the sources of noise for the surrounding area are gas distribution points (GDP) of thermal power plants (TPP) and district thermal power plants (RTS). Noise from gas distribution points may exceed sanitary standards at the border of the sanitary protection zone. The article shows that the radiated noise from gas distribution points depends on the power of the thermal power plant (natural gas consumption) and the type of valves. Three types of valves used in gas distribution points are considered. Formulas are obtained for calculating the width of the sanitary protection zone for gas distribution points for thermal stations, depending on the consumption of natural gas (electric power of the thermal power plant) and the type of valve. It is shown that, depending on the valve used, the noise level at the border of the sanitary protection zone can either meet sanitary standards or exceed them. This allows at the design stage to select the required type of valve or to determine mitigation measures from hydraulic fracturing.

scholarly journals Development of Multimode Gas Fired Combined Cycle Chemical-Looping Combustion Based Power Plant Lay-Outs

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basavaraja Revappa Jayadevappa
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Flue Gas ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Capture ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Chemical Looping Combustion ◽  
Chemical Looping ◽  
Operating Pressure

Abstract Operation of power plants in carbon dioxide capture and non-capture modes and energy penalty or energy utilization in such operations are of great significance. This work reports on two gas fired pressurized chemical-looping combustion power plant lay-outs with two inbuilt modes of flue gas exit namely, with carbon dioxide capture mode and second mode is letting flue gas (consists carbon dioxide and water) without capturing carbon dioxide. In the non-CCS mode, higher thermal efficiencies of 54.06% and 52.63% efficiencies are obtained with natural gas and syngas. In carbon capture mode, a net thermal efficiency of 52.13% is obtained with natural gas and 48.78% with syngas. The operating pressure of air reactor is taken to be 13 bar for realistic operational considerations and that of fuel reactor is 11.5 bar. Two power plant lay-outs developed based combined cycle CLC mode for natural gas and syngas fuels. A single lay-out is developed for two fuels with possible retrofit for dual fuel operation. The CLC Power plants can be operated with two modes of flue gas exit options and these operational options makes them higher thermal efficient power plants.

scholarly journals Assessment on Energy Conversion Efficiency and GHG Emissions Rate for Coal, Natural Gas and Biomass Power Plant in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 87 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-153
Author(s):  
Radin Diana R. Ahmad ◽  
Tiong Sieh Kiong ◽  
Sazalina Zakaria ◽  
Ahmad Rosly Abbas ◽  
Chen Chai Phing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Emission Rate ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Gas Power Plant ◽  
Biomass Power Plant

Three different power plants have been assessed in terms of energy conversion efficiency and GHGs emission rate. The power plants are coal power plant, natural gas power plant and biomass power plant. The assessments are made by collecting fuels consumption data and generated electricity data of each power plant. In addition to the data collection, observation on operational practices have also been carried out. The energy conversion efficiency and the GHGs emission rate for all power plants are recorded to be lower than the typical values proposed by the literature. The biomass power plant recorded the lowest energy conversion efficiency at 6.47 %. Meanwhile, the natural gas power plant utilizing the combined cycle gas turbine technology recorded the highest overall energy conversion efficiency at 48.35 % and rated to emit GHGs at 0.32 kg CO2e per kWh.

scholarly journals The Effect of Ambient Temperature on Electric Power Generation in Natural Gas Combined Cycle Power Plant: A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Günnur Şen ◽  
Mustafa Nil ◽  
Hayati Mamur ◽  
Halit Doğan ◽  
Mustafa Karamolla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Electric Energy ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Seasonal Temperature ◽  
Natural Gas Combined Cycle

Natural gas combined cycle power plants (CCPPs) are widely used to meet peak loads in electric energy production. Continuous monitoring of the output electrical power of CCPPs is a requirement for power performance. In this study, the role of ambient temperature change having the greatest effect on electric production is investigated for a natural gas CCPP. The plant has generated electricity for fourteen years and setup at 240 MW in Aliağa, İzmir, Turkey. Depending on the seasonal temperature changes, the study data were obtained from each gas turbine (GT), steam turbine (ST) and combined cycle blocks (CCBs) in the ambient temperature range of 8-23°C. It has been found that decreases of the electric energy in the GTs because of the temperature increase and indirectly diminishes of the electricity production in the STs. As a result, the efficiency of each GT, ST and CCB reduced, although the quantity of fuel consumed by the controllers in the plant was decreased. As a result of this data, it has been recommended and applied that additional precautions have been taken for the power plant to bring the air entering the combustion chamber to ideal conditions and necessary air cooling systems have been installed.

Repowering: An Option for Refurbishment of Old Thermal Power Plants in Latin-American Countries

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Washington Orlando Irrazabal Bohorquez ◽  
Joa˜o Roberto Barbosa ◽  
Luiz Augusto Horta Nogueira ◽  
Electo E. Silva Lora
Keyword(s):  
Power Plant ◽  
Natural Gas ◽  
Steam Turbine ◽  
Gas Turbine ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Rankine Cycle ◽  
Combined Cycle ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Thermal Power Plants

The operational rules for the electricity markets in Latin America are changing at the same time that the electricity power plants are being subjected to stronger environmental restrictions, fierce competition and free market rules. This is forcing the conventional power plants owners to evaluate the operation of their power plants. Those thermal power plants were built between the 1960’s and the 1990’s. They are old and inefficient, therefore generating expensive electricity and polluting the environment. This study presents the repowering of thermal power plants based on the analysis of three basic concepts: the thermal configuration of the different technological solutions, the costs of the generated electricity and the environmental impact produced by the decrease of the pollutants generated during the electricity production. The case study for the present paper is an Ecuadorian 73 MWe power output steam power plant erected at the end of the 1970’s and has been operating continuously for over 30 years. Six repowering options are studied, focusing the increase of the installed capacity and thermal efficiency on the baseline case. Numerical simulations the seven thermal power plants are evaluated as follows: A. Modified Rankine cycle (73 MWe) with superheating and regeneration, one conventional boiler burning fuel oil and one old steam turbine. B. Fully-fired combined cycle (240 MWe) with two gas turbines burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler and one old steam turbine. C. Fully-fired combined cycle (235 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler and one old steam turbine. D. Fully-fired combined cycle (242 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler and one old steam turbine. The gas turbine has water injection in the combustion chamber. E. Fully-fired combined cycle (242 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler with supplementary burners and one old steam turbine. The gas turbine has steam injection in the combustion chamber. F. Hybrid combined cycle (235 MWe) with one gas turbine burning natural gas, one recuperative boiler with supplementary burners, one old steam boiler burning natural gas and one old steam turbine. G. Hybrid combined cycle (235 MWe) with one gas turbine burning diesel fuel, one recuperative boiler with supplementary burners, one old steam boiler burning fuel oil and one old steam turbine. All the repowering models show higher efficiency when compared with the Rankine cycle [2, 5]. The thermal cycle efficiency is improved from 28% to 50%. The generated electricity costs are reduced to about 50% when the old power plant is converted to a combined cycle one. When a Rankine cycle power plant burning fuel oil is modified to combined cycle burning natural gas, the CO2 specific emissions by kWh are reduced by about 40%. It is concluded that upgrading older thermal power plants is often a cost-effective method for increasing the power output, improving efficiency and reducing emissions [2, 7].

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