A study of surface heat exchangers for high-altitude atmospheric research aircraft

1996 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Wang ◽  
C. Britcher
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Atmospheric Research ◽  
Research Aircraft

scholarly journals In-flight control and communication architecture of the GLORIA imaging limb sounder on atmospheric research aircraft

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2543-2553 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. Kretschmer ◽  
M. Bachner ◽  
J. Blank ◽  
R. Dapp ◽  
A. Ebersoldt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Flight Control ◽  
Communication System ◽  
Automation System ◽  
Fourier Transform Spectrometer ◽  
Human Intervention ◽  
Communication Architecture ◽  
Flexible Control ◽  
Atmospheric Research ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
Spectral Imager

Abstract. The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA), a Fourier-transform-spectrometer-based limb spectral imager, operates on high-altitude research aircraft to study the transit region between the troposphere and the stratosphere. It is one of the most sophisticated systems to be flown on research aircraft in Europe, requiring constant monitoring and human intervention in addition to an automation system. To ensure proper functionality and interoperability on multiple platforms, a flexible control and communication system was laid out. The architectures of the communication system as well as the protocols used are reviewed. The integration of this architecture in the automation process as well as the scientific campaign flight application context are discussed.

scholarly journals HAMP – the microwave package on the High Altitude and LOng range research aircraft HALO

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 4623-4657
Author(s):  
M. Mech ◽  
E. Orlandi ◽  
S. Crewell ◽  
F. Ament ◽  
L. Hirsch ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
Long Range ◽  
Microwave Remote Sensing ◽  
Passive Microwave ◽  
Lower Atmosphere ◽  
Radiative Transfer Model ◽  
Transfer Model ◽  
Model Calculations ◽  
Cloud Radar ◽  
Research Aircraft

Abstract. An advanced package of microwave remote sensing instrumentation has been developed for the operation on the new German High Altitude LOng range research aircraft (HALO). The HALO Microwave Package, HAMP, consists of two nadir looking instruments: a cloud radar at 36 GHz and a suite of passive microwave radiometers with 26 frequencies in different bands between 22.24 and 183.31 ± 12.5 GHz. We present a description of HAMP's instrumentation together with an illustration of its potential. To demonstrate this potential synthetic measurements for the implemented passive microwave frequencies and the cloud radar based on cloud resolving and radiative transfer model calculations were performed. These illustrate the advantage of HAMP's chosen frequency coverage, which allows for improved detection of hydrometeors both via the emission and scattering of radiation. Regression algorithms compare HAMP retrieval with standard satellite instruments from polar orbiters and show its advantages particularly for the lower atmosphere with a reduced root mean square error by 5 and 15% for temperature and humidity, respectively. HAMP's main advantage is the high spatial resolution of about 1 km which is illustrated by first measurements from test flights. Together these qualities make it an exciting tool for gaining better understanding of cloud processes, testing retrieval algorithms, defining future satellite instrument specifications, and validating platforms after they have been placed in orbit.

scholarly journals Assessment of Roughness Length Schemes Implemented within the Noah Land Surface Model for High-Altitude Regions

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 921-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donghai Zheng ◽  
Rogier van der Velde ◽  
Zhongbo Su ◽  
Martijn J. Booij ◽  
Arjen Y. Hoekstra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Flux ◽  
High Altitude ◽  
Land Surface ◽  
Land Surface Model ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Fluxes ◽  
Surface Model ◽  
Surface Heat Fluxes ◽  
Noah Land Surface Model ◽  
Better Than

ABSTRACT Current land surface models still have difficulties with producing reliable surface heat fluxes and skin temperature (Tsfc) estimates for high-altitude regions, which may be addressed via adequate parameterization of the roughness lengths for momentum (z0m) and heat (z0h) transfer. In this study, the performance of various z0h and z0m schemes developed for the Noah land surface model is assessed for a high-altitude site (3430 m) on the northeastern part of the Tibetan Plateau. Based on the in situ surface heat fluxes and profile measurements of wind and temperature, monthly variations of z0m and diurnal variations of z0h are derived through application of the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory. These derived values together with the measured heat fluxes are utilized to assess the performance of those z0m and z0h schemes for different seasons. The analyses show that the z0m dynamics are related to vegetation dynamics and soil water freeze–thaw state, which are reproduced satisfactorily with current z0m schemes. Further, it is demonstrated that the heat flux simulations are very sensitive to the diurnal variations of z0h. The newly developed z0h schemes all capture, at least over the sparse vegetated surfaces during the winter season, the observed diurnal variability much better than the original one. It should, however, be noted that for the dense vegetated surfaces during the spring and monsoon seasons, not all newly developed schemes perform consistently better than the original one. With the most promising schemes, the Noah simulated sensible heat flux, latent heat flux, Tsfc, and soil temperature improved for the monsoon season by about 29%, 79%, 75%, and 81%, respectively. In addition, the impact of Tsfc calculation and energy balance closure associated with measurement uncertainties on the above findings are discussed, and the selection of the appropriate z0h scheme for applications is addressed.

Exergoeconomic optimization of surface heat exchangers

2010 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 888-891
Author(s):  
B. Kh. Draganov ◽  
A. A. Khalatov
Keyword(s):  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Surface Heat

First flight of the new UK atmospheric research aircraft

Weather ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 31-31
Author(s):  
Jim Galvin
Keyword(s):  
Atmospheric Research ◽  
Research Aircraft

GLORIA observations of pollution tracers C2H6, C2H2, HCOOH, and PAN in the North Atlantic UTLS region

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald Wetzel ◽  
Felix Friedl-Vallon ◽  
Norbert Glatthor ◽  
Jens-Uwe Grooß ◽  
Thomas Gulde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Altitude ◽  
North Atlantic ◽  
Atmospheric Chemistry ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Infrared Region ◽  
Reanalysis Data ◽  
Lagrangian Model ◽  
Back Trajectories ◽  
Source Regions ◽  
Research Aircraft

<p>The Gimballed Limb Observer for Radiance Imaging of the Atmosphere (GLORIA) is an imaging Fourier transform spectrometer (iFTS) using a 2-dimensional detector array to record emission spectra in the mid-infrared region with high spatial resolution. GLORIA is operated on high altitude research aircraft, mainly in the limb observational geometry to measure vertical profiles of temperature and atmospheric trace species with high vertical resolution.</p><p>In autumn 2017, the Wave-driven ISentropic Exchange (WISE) aircraft campaign took place from Shannon (Ireland). Sixteen flights with the High Altitude and Long Range Research Aircraft (HALO) were performed between 31 August and 21 October 2017 over the eastern North Atlantic region.</p><p>GLORIA observations were analysed with regard to pollutant species like C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>6</sub>, C<sub>2</sub>H<sub>2</sub>, HCOOH, and PAN, which are produced at distinct source regions near the ground and transported to remote regions due to their atmospheric lifetime of several weeks. Enhanced volume mixing ratios of these molecules were detected along some parts of the flight track in the upper troposphere and lowermost stratosphere (UTLS).</p><p>Measured profiles of these species are compared to simulations from the ECHAM/MESSy Atmospheric Chemistry (EMAC) model and reanalysis data from the Copernicus Atmosphere Monitoring Service (CAMS). Furthermore, emission tracers and back-trajectories from the Chemical Lagrangian Model of the Stratosphere (CLaMS) are used to analyse the source regions of these pollution events.</p>

The NCAR Research Aviation Facility Fleet Workshop 18–19 February 1982, Boulder, Colo.

1983 ◽  
Vol 64 (5) ◽  
pp. 481-490 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter H. Hildebrand ◽  
John McCarthy
Keyword(s):  
Research Community ◽  
Major Research ◽  
Atmospheric Sciences ◽  
Atmospheric Research ◽  
Research Aircraft ◽  
New Instrumentation

A workshop was held at the National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCAR) during February of 1982 to consider the scientific needs for research aircraft in the next decade and the impacts of these needs upon the fleet of aircraft that the Research Aviation Facility (RAF) supports for the atmospheric sciences research community. The workshop was attended by a group of atmospheric scientists who represented the major research interests supported by RAF. The attendees discussed scientific priorities for research in the next 10 years, the types of new instrumentation expected within the next decade, and the operational requirements and aircraft fleet that would be required to serve these scientific goals.

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