scholarly journals The Training of Health Cadre as an Effort to Prevent the Transmission of HIV/AIDS to Pregnant Women

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 112-120
Author(s):  
Dame Evalina Simangunsong ◽  
Kandace Sianipar ◽  
Juliani Purba
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Counseling Practices ◽  
Hiv Aids

The degree of public health in a country can be reflected in the number of health cases resulting in maternal and infant mortality. The mortality rates can further increase with the cases of HIV transmission from mother to child. Therefore, to mitigate this issue, there should be a program that can provide basic health services. One such program was once conducted in the Center for Public Health through VCT services. However, this program did not manage to lower the case counts as expected. The presence of midwives in the health facilities is observed to be inadequate in attracting pregnant women to undergo ANC services. Furthermore, there are still cases of delay in the pregnant women’s first visit to the health service, rendering it too late to identify pregnant women with HIV. The Mitra Village Development Program (PPDM) in Dolok Hataran Village, Siantar District, Simalungun Regency, was then conducted and enhanced the health cadres’ knowledge about the measures taken to prevent HIV/AIDS transmission from pregnant women to their babies, also able to provide counseling practices. The method of activity is training of 24 health cadres of Batu Anam Health Center, Simalungun Regency, and counseling practices with pregnant women. This activity succeeded in increasing the knowledge of cadres and cadres able to conduct counseling practices.

scholarly journals PENCEGAHAN PENULARAN PENYAKIT HIV/AIDS DARI IBU KE ANAK DI MASA PANDEMI COVID-19 MENUJU THREE ZERO 2030 DI DESA TELAGAWARU LOMBOK BARAT

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 743
Author(s):  
Siti Mardiyah WD. ◽  
Catur Esty Pamungkas ◽  
Aulia Amini ◽  
Dwi Kartika Cahyaningtyas ◽  
Yuyun Gustiana
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Hiv Positive ◽  
Keywords Prevention ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Prevention Of Hiv ◽  
Hiv Aids

ABSTRAKMengingat terjadinya peningkatan jumlah kejadian HIV/AIDS di Indonesia  setiap tahunnya terdapat 9000 hamil HIV positif yang melahirkan diIndonesia. Sehingga diperhitungkan jika tidak ada intervensi maka akan ada 3000 bayi yang dilahirkan dengan HIV positif setiap tahunnya di Indonesia. Oleh karena itu perlu adanya intervensi yang baik untuk menurunkan resiko penularan HIV dari ibu ke anak sebesar 25%-45%. Tujuan dalam pengabdian masyarakat ini untuk mengetahui bagaimana penerimaan wanita atau ibu-ibu didesa telagawaru terhadap pelaksanaan PPIA saat ANC serta mengetahui seberapa besar pengetahuan yang dimiliki ibu-ibu tersebut tentang HIV/AIDS dari ibu ke anak. Metode yang digunakan dalam pengabdian ini terdapat 3 tahapan yaitu pretest, pemberian materi dan video serta posttest. Berdasarkan hasil pretest didapatkan pengetahuan ibu dalam kategori cukup (45,4%), setelah pemberian materi, posttest didapatkan pengetahuan ibu meningkat dalam kategori baik (89%). Pengetahuan yang dimiliki peserta dalam pengabdian ini sama seperti yang telah dikemukakan didalam teori yaitu pengetahuan dimana seseorang menjadi tahu terhadap suatu objek seperti halnya ibu yang telah mendapatkan informasi terbaru mengenai pencegahan penularan HIV dari ibu ke anak, sehingga peningkatan terhadap pengetahuanpun bertambah. Kata kunci: pencegahan HIV/AIDS; penularan HIV/AIDS; ibu hamil; janin. ABSTRACTDue to the increasing number of HIV/AIDS cases in Indonesia, every year there are 9000 HIV positive pregnant women born in Indonesia. Therefore, it is considered that if there is no intervention then there will be 3000 babies born with HIV positive every year in Indonesia. Therefore, it is necessary to have a good intervention to reduce HIV transmission from mother to child by 25%-45%. The purpose of this community service is to find out how the acceptance of women or mothers in the Telagawaru village towards the implementation of PPIA during ANC and to find out how much knowledge these mothers have about HIV/AIDS from mother to child. The method used in this service consists of 3 stages, namely pretest, giving materials and videos and posttest. Based on the results of the pretest, the mother's knowledge was in the sufficient category (45.4%), after giving the material, the posttest showed that the mother's knowledge increased in the good category (89%). The knowledge possessed by participants in this service is the same as what has been stated in theory, namely where a person's knowledge becomes aware of an object as well as mothers who have received the latest information about preventing HIV transmission from mother to child, so that the increase in knowledge increases. Keywords: prevention of HIV/AIDS; transmission of HIV/AIDS; pregnant women; fetus.

scholarly journals Increasing Access and Adherence to the PMTCT Cascade: Is There a Role for Economic Strengthening Interventions?

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Irina Yacobson ◽  
Morrisa Malkin ◽  
Elena Lebetkin
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Randomised Trial ◽  
Retention In Care ◽  
Economic Barriers ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Women With Hiv ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Economic Strengthening ◽  
Pmtct Cascade

Interventions aimed at prevention of mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) of HIV are extremely effective but remain underutilized in many countries. Common economic barriers to PMTCT experienced by pregnant women with HIV are well documented. Addressing these economic barriers has a potential to improve PMTCT utilization and further reduce mother-to-child HIV transmission. This review examines the evidence of the effects economic strengthening (ES) interventions have on use of and adherence to PMTCT and other health services relevant to PMTCT cascade. While very few studies on ES interventions were conducted in PMTCT settings, the results of a recent randomised trial demonstrate that conditional cash transfers offered to women in PMTCT programme can significantly improve retention in care and adherence to treatment. This review also considers evidence on ES interventions conducted within other health care settings relevant to PMTCT cascade. While the evidence from other settings is promising, it may not be fully applicable to PMTCT and more quality research on ES interventions among population of pregnant women with HIV is needed. Answering some of the research questions formulated by this review can provide more evidence for programme implementers and guide decisions about how to increase women’s use of and adherence to PMTCT services.

scholarly journals Female perspectives of male partners’ inclusion in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in KwaZulu-Natal

Curationis ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mondli Miya ◽  
Tennyson Mgutshini
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Public Hospitals ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Child Health Services ◽  
Mother To Child Transmission ◽  
Male Partners ◽  
Child Transmission ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Mother To Child

Background: The South African government intervened by implementing the prevention of mother–to-child transmission programme (PMTCT) to curb the HIV transmission from mother to child during and after pregnancy. The PMTCT programme has been at the forefront of global prevention efforts since 1998. Without treatment, the risk of transmission ranges from one in five to one in two newborns; however, the risk of mother-to-child transmission can be reduced to as low as 2%–5% with evidenced interventions. Sub-Saharan Africa, and most particularly South Africa, is the most affected by the pandemic despite having the largest financial investment in PMTCT services across the continent.Objectives: The objectives of the study were to describe and explore the female perspectives of male inclusion in the prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission programme in KwaZulu-Natal.Methodology: A qualitative, descriptive, explorative study was conducted through in-depth individual interview of pregnant women until data saturation.Results: The findings of the study revealed that the existing design of public hospitals was not wholly conducive to facilitating male inclusion in maternal and child health services. Resources were largely insufficient to support the participation of pregnant mothers and any attempts to support the inclusion of males needed to be based on a clear increase in service provision.Conclusion: The study recommended male partners’ inclusion in the prevention of mother- to-child HIV transmission to support effective management of HIV in pregnancy and PMTCT programmes. The inclusion of men will provide the holistic support needed by pregnant women on PMTCT programmes.

scholarly journals A Rudimentary Framework for Improving Access to Public Health using ICT

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S11) ◽  
pp. 3681-3686
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Public Health Education ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Primary Concern ◽  
Disease Study ◽  
Populous Country

The growth of public health in India has been moderate due to low public expenditure on health, very few public health institutes and inadequate national standards for public health education. As per to the Global Burden of Disease Study (GBD) published in the medical journal, The Lancet, India has a depressing 154th place among 195 countries on the healthcare index. India has population of 1.21 billion population and occupies the second position as the most populous country in the world. India has almost 13.1 per cent of child population aged 0-6 years (Census 2011). Mortality among infants and under-5 children is also a primary concern. In India the number of Under-5 mortality rate and infant mortality rates are very high. They are as much as 49 (Under-5 mortality rate) and 42 (infant mortality rates). The proposed framework is for improving the health of the citizens. This is a bottom up approach for improving the overall health of the nation starting at district level. Starting with treatment of areaspecific diseases and infections is an effective way to ensure good health all over the nation.

Antiretroviral Therapy in Pregnant Women

2019 ◽  
pp. 281-286
Author(s):  
William R. Short ◽  
Jason J. Schafer
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Hiv Transmission ◽  
Pediatric Aids ◽  
Women Living With Hiv ◽  
Pivotal Study ◽  
Aids Clinical Trials ◽  
Living With Hiv ◽  
Mother To Child ◽  
Over Time

Upon completion of this chapter, the reader should be able to describe the appropriate management of antiretrovirals for pregnant women living with HIV. Over time, research has demonstrated that proper prevention strategies and interventions during pregnancy, labor, and delivery can significantly reduce the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of HIV. In 1994, a pivotal study in the field of HIV medicine, the Pediatric AIDS Clinical Trials Group 076, demonstrated that the use of zidovudine (ZDV) monotherapy during pregnancy substantially reduced the risk of HIV transmission to infants by 67% (...

Child Mortality After Hurricane Katrina

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert K. Kanter
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Hurricane Katrina ◽  
Child Mortality ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Infant Mortality Rate ◽  
Health Consequences ◽  
Daily Newspaper ◽  
Department Of Health

ABSTRACTBackground: Age-specific pediatric health consequences of community disruption after Hurricane Katrina have not been analyzed. Post-Katrina vital statistics are unavailable. The objectives of this study were to validate an alternative method to estimate child mortality rates in the greater New Orleans area and compare pre-Katrina and post-Katrina mortality rates.Methods: Pre-Katrina 2004 child mortality was estimated from death reports in the local daily newspaper and validated by comparison with pre-Katrina data from the Louisiana Department of Health. Post-Katrina child mortality rates were analyzed as a measure of health consequences.Results: Newspaper-derived estimates of mortality rates appear to be valid except for possible underreporting of neonatal rates. Pre-Katrina and post-Katrina mortality rates were similar for all age groups except infants. Post-Katrina, a 92% decline in mortality rate occurred for neonates (<28 days), and a 57% decline in mortality rate occurred for postneonatal infants (28 days–1 year). The post-Katrina decline in infant mortality rate exceeds the pre-Katrina discrepancy between newspaper-derived and Department of Health–reported rates.Conclusions: A declining infant mortality rate raises questions about persistent displacement of high-risk infants out of the region. Otherwise, there is no evidence of long-lasting post-Katrina excess child mortality. Further investigation of demographic changes would be of interest to local decision makers and planners for recovery after public health emergencies in other regions.(Disaster Med Public Health Preparedness. 2010;4:62-65)

Peran Perawat Dalam Menurunkan IMR dan MMR Melalui Desa Siaga

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-34
Author(s):  
Setyowati Setyowati
Keyword(s):  
Infant Mortality ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Maternal Mortality ◽  
Care Provider ◽  
Community Intervention ◽  
Mortality Rates ◽  
Indonesian Government

AbstrakAngka kematian ibu dan bayi di Indonesia yang masih tinggi serta Indonesia yang berada di lingkungan yang berbahaya alamnya membuat masyarakat harus selalu sadar dan siaga untuk mempersiapkan diri dalam segala hal. Oleh sebab itu pemerintah melakukan mobilisasi massa dan pemberdayaan masyarakat serta mendorong setiap desa mengembangkan “desa siaga “ sebelum akhir 2008. Perawat yang merupakan ujung tombak pelayanan kesehatan yang bekerja selama 24 jam, merupakan tenaga yang seharusnya diperhitungkan untuk kesuksesan program ini. Maka perawat dengan mengacu dari prinsip –prinsip praktik keperawatan komunitas yaitu: kemanfaatan, prinsip otonomi, keadilan harus dapat menerapkan perannya sebagai pemberi pelayanan, pendidik, pengelola, konselor, advokat/pembela pasien, dan sebagai peneliti. AbstractThe Indonesian infant mortality rates and maternal mortality rates that still high, and also the position of Indonesia islands in a very danger area, makes the community have to be aware in every aspect and ready to for catastrophe that every time can happen. For that reason the Indonesian government starts to mobilize the community and empower them by encouraging to develop”desa siaga’ or “prepared villages” in every village before 2008. Nurses as the grass rotes in the health service that work 24 hours can utilize for successful of this program. Nurses with their principles of community intervention: benefit, autonomy, and equality have to apply their roles as care provider, educator, manager, counselor, advocate, and researcher.

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