scholarly journals QUIZALOFOP-P-ETHYL CONTROLLING SOURGRASS (Digitaria insularis) AND GOOSEGRASS (Eleusine indica) IN INFESTED COFFEE AREAS

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 530
Author(s):  
Ximena Maira De Souza Vilela ◽  
Fernanda Carvalho Lopes de Medeiros ◽  
Adenilson Henrique Gonçalves ◽  
Lindomar Canuto da Silva
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vegetative Stage ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Experimental Plot ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Advanced Stages ◽  
Flowering Control

<p>Chemical control is the main weed management system in coffee crop. Herbicides alternatives controlling grass weeds in infested coffee areas are limited, mainly due to the few options of registered herbicides. Thus, it is important to evaluate selective post-emergence herbicide to control these important weeds in coffee crop. The objective of this work was to evaluate the selectivity, efficiency and agronomic viability of the herbicide IHH 0513 (Quizalofope-P-ethyl 50g ai L<sup>-1</sup>) compared to Glyphosate on grass control in coffee crop. Two experiments were carried out in randomized blocks with four replications in the municipality of Lavras and Santana da Vargem (MG - Brazil) in a commercial coffee crop cultivar “Mundo Novo” and “Catuai” to evaluate the herbicide effectiveness in the crop rows. The experimental design was a randomized block design with seven treatments and four replications. Treatments consisted of  IHH 0513 doses (Quizalofope-P-ethyl  25, 50, 75 and 100 g ai ha<sup>-1</sup>) compared to the standard GLI OVER (Glyphosate 480 g ia L<sup>-1</sup>) at the dose of 1680g ai ha<sup>-1</sup> + Iharol at 0.5% v/v. Application occurred when sourgrass and goosegrass were at the beginning of development with up to 4 tillers (early vegetative stage) and in a second trial, at advanced stages of development (highly branched and /or flowering). Control assessments in percentage were performed at 7, 14, 21 and 28 days after application (DAA) of the treatments. A note of phytotoxicity was given by the EWRC scale (1964). The control of weeds was evaluated in each experimental plot using the visual notes scale of FRANS et al. (1986), where: 0% represents no control, and 100% total control of the species in question, compared to the population present in the non-weed control. In general, the dose of 1500 and 2000 mL per hectare of IHH 0513 (75 and 100 g ai ha<sup>-1</sup>) for the weeds at early vegetative stage presented the highest levels of controls (above 90%). The dose of 2000 mL per hectare (100 g ai ha<sup>-1</sup>) was efficient at 28 DAA to control more developed plants. No symptoms of phytotoxicity caused by the IHH 0513 product were detected at any dose tested.  Quizalofop-P-ehtyl can be recommended for integrated weed management in coffee for sourgrass and goosegrass.</p>

Integrated weed management in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under rainfed conditions of Karnataka, India

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pandit S. Rathod ◽  
D. H. Patil ◽  
B. M. Doamani
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Field Investigation ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rainfed Conditions

A field investigation was carried out during winter seasons of 2012-13, 2013-14 and 2014-15 at Agricultural Research Station, Gulbarga (Karnataka) to evaluate the effect of pre and post emergence herbicides on weeds and productivity of chickpea cv. JG-11. Ten treatments were tested in randomized block design with three replications. Among the herbicidal treatments, pendimethalin 38% CS 0.75 kg a.i ha-1PE + hand weeding (HW) at 30-35 days after sowing (DAS) and pendimethalin 30% EC 0.75 kg a.i ha-1+ imazethapyr 2% 1.0 kg a.i ha-1 PE + one hoeing at 30-35 DAS recorded significantly higher seed yield (1198 kg ha-1), net returns (Rs. 25107 ha-1) and B:C ratio (2.10) and lower weed dry weight (11.3 g m-2) and higher weed control efficiency (83%) than all other herbicidal treatments except two hand weedings at 20 and 40 DAS. It may be inferred from the present investigation that these herbicidal treatments could be used effectively as an alternative for controlling weeds and obtaining optimum seed yield of chickpea under rainfed conditions of Karnataka.

scholarly journals Potential and Persistence of the Inhibitory Effect of Sorghum on Weeds

2018 ◽  
Vol 36 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
E.M. BIESDORF ◽  
L.D. PIMENTEL ◽  
M.F.F. TEIXEIRA ◽  
E. BIESDORF ◽  
P.H.H. SALLA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Inhibitory Effect ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Inhibitory Effects ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Inhibitory Interaction ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Weed Infestation

ABSTRACT: The inhibitory interaction between plants may be an important strategy of integrated weed management (IWM). This study aimed to investigate the inhibitory effects of sorghum on phytosociology and infestation of weeds during cultivation and after harvest. An experiment was carried out in the field in a randomized block design in a split-plot arrangement. Plots consisted of sorghum and corn (control) and subplots were composed of different periods of weed community assessment after crop harvest (DAH) (0, 20, 40, 60, and 80 days). An increased number of species and botanical families was observed after harvest. Degradation of sorghum and corn straw reached the stabilization at 60 DAH. Although sorghum has presented a lower amount of straw and soil cover, weed infestation was, on average, 30% lower in relation to areas cultivated with corn. Sorghum showed an inhibitory effect on some weed species, influencing phytosociology, especially during the first 40 DAH, and can be used as part of IWM strategy.

scholarly journals Cauliflower Cultivars Associated with Urochloa decumbens Straw Mulch in Integrated Weed Management

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C.S. HIRATA ◽  
E.K. HIRATA ◽  
A.B. RÓS ◽  
N. NARITA
Keyword(s):  
Crop Yield ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Cultural Control ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Straw Mulch ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Urochloa Decumbens ◽  
High Control

ABSTRACT: In vegetable farming, the reduction in the use of herbicides has been an important factor in the definition of the production system. The objective of this research was to evaluate crop yield of cauliflower cultivars grown on Urochloa decumbens straw mulch, as well as the effect of the association between straw and cultivars on weed management. The treatments were arranged in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme: two managements (with or without U. decumbens straw mulch) and four cauliflower cultivars (Barcelona, Bromus, Júlia and Lisblanc). The experiment used a randomized block design with four replicates. There was no interference of straw mulch on crop yield of cauliflower cultivars. Hybrids Barcelona and Júlia presented yields of 22.0 and 23.9 t ha-1, respectively, and they did not differ from each other. The Bromus and Lisblanc materials did not adapt to the edaphoclimatic conditions of the region, which resulted in reduced cultural control and high weed emergence after weeding. U. decumbens straw had high control of the weed community (581.2 pls m-2 - without straw and 8.3 pls m-2 - with straw). It is concluded that the U. decumbens straw as mulch is an effective tool in integrated management of weeds in cauliflower crops, without interfering with crop yield, and its potential to control weed community density is approximately 98.6%, at 22 days after transplanting. The adaptability of the cauliflower cultivar to the region has a high impact on weed management.

scholarly journals Effect of integrated weed management on groundnut (Arachis hypogea)

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 404-408
Author(s):  
J. P. Bholane ◽  
Y. R. Patil ◽  
V. M. Bhale
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Free Condition ◽  
Arachis Hypogea ◽  
Pod Yield ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Soil Actinomycetes ◽  
Hand Weeding

An experiment on integrated weed management in groundnut (Arachis hypogea) was conducted at Department of Agronomy during 2009-10. Ten treatments which included three herbicides viz., Pendimethalin, Quizolofop ethyl, Imazethapyr with mechanical weeding were studied in Randomized Block Design. Complete weed free condition recorded highest dry pod yield (1786 kgha-1). Pre-emergence application of Pendimethalin 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by one hand weeding at 15 days after sowing, recorded 10.8 pods/plant as against 4.97 pods/plant and 60.0 nodule per plant as against 37.5 in unweeded control. Preemergence application of Pendimethalin @ 1.0 kg a.i./ha followed by post-emergence Imazethapyr @ 75 g a.i./ha at 15 days after sowing increased pod yield (1255 kgha-1), shelling % and 100 kernal weight. Application of Pendimethalin recorded increased soil fungal count 16.0X104 cfu g-1, soil actinomycetes count 15.67X106 cfu g-1 and soil bacterial count 20.33X10 cfu g-1 compared to unweeded control.

scholarly journals Impact of integrated weed management on yield and economics of Kharif maize (Zea mays L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (AAEBSSD) ◽  
pp. 73-76
Author(s):  
A. S. Bade ◽  
J. B. Patil ◽  
P. N. Gajbhiye ◽  
I. Sarwar ◽  
Kiran Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Field Experiment ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
The Impact

A field experiment conducted to evaluate the impact of integrated weed management on economics of Kharif maize (Zea mays L.) during Kharif, 2020 at Post Graduate Research Farm, RCSM College of Agriculture, Kolhapur. The field experiment was laid out in Randomized Block Design (RBD) having eight treatments replicated thrice.Weed free check and tank mixure application of Tembotrinone 42 SC @ 120gm a.i.ha-1 + Atrazine 50 WP @ 500 gm a.i.ha-1 + surfactant @ 2ml/l of water EPoE At 20-25 DAS + fb hand weeding at 40 DAS were on par with each other and recorded significantly increase in grain and straw yields of maize as compared to remaining weed management treatments. Significantly lowest values for yield and yield attributes was observed in weedy check treatment.Maximum gross monetary returns and net monetary returns were observed in weed free check treatment was Rs. 183225.5 ha-1 and Rs. 126320.7 ha-1, respectively. Tank mixure application of Tembotrinone 42 SC @ 120gm a.i.ha-1 + Atrazine 50 WP @ 500 gm a.i.ha-1 + surfactant @ 2ml/l of water EPoE At 20-25 DAS recorded maximum B: C ratio (3.34).

scholarly journals Efficacy of Weed Management Practices on Weed Dynamics and Productivity of Blackgram

2020 ◽  
pp. 77-84
Author(s):  
Lipi Meher ◽  
Satyananda Jena ◽  
Manoranjan Satapathy ◽  
Bishnupriya Patra
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Cyperus Rotundus ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Celosia Argentea ◽  
Hand Weeding

A field experiment was conducted during kharif 2018 at the Agronomy Main Research Farm, Odisha University of Agriculture and Technology, Bhubaneswar to study the effect of Integrated weed management in blackgram. The experiment was laid out in a randomized block design with a total of eight treatments replicated thrice. Important predominant grass, sedge and broad-leaved weeds found in the experimental field were Eleusine indica (12.6%), Cyperus rotundus (8.9%) and Celosia argentea (9.7%), respectively. Severe weed competition in kharif blackgram recorded a yield loss of 66.7% in this experiment. Post Emergence application of Imazethapyr @ 0.75 kg/ha at 120 Days after sowing followed by one Hand Weeding at 30 DAS recorded lowest weed density (25.33 no./m2), weed dry weight (38.98 g/m2); highest weed control efficiency (83.4%) and lowest weed index (7.0%) at harvest.

scholarly journals Impact of Integrated Weed Management on Bulb Yield of Onion

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
AJM Obaidullah ◽  
AHF Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Bulb Yield

The experiment was conducted at Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Magura, Bangladesh during 2016-2017 and 2017- 2018 to optimize weed management practice for onion bulb production through Integrated Weed Management (IWM). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Two different herbicides (Oxadiazon and Pendimethalin) with different doses in combination with hand weeding (HW) were used as treatments. The total number of treatments were 12 viz. [email protected] l/ha, [email protected] l/ha, T3= [email protected] l/ha, T4= [email protected] l/ha + one HW at 45 DAT (Days After Transplanting), T5= [email protected] l/ha + one HW at 45 DAT,T6= [email protected] l/ha + one HW at 45 DAT, [email protected] l/ha, [email protected] l/ha, T9= [email protected] l/ha + HW at 45 DAT, T10= [email protected] l/ha+ HW at 45 DAT, T11= Weed free and T12 = Weedy check (control). The onion var. BARI Piaz-1 was used as the test crop. The highest bulb yield (7.63 tha-1 in 2016 & 9.56 t ha-1in 2017) and benefit cost ratio (2.14 in 2016 and 2.46 in 2017) were obtained from T6= [email protected] l/ha + one hand weeding at 45 DAT while the lowest bulb yield (4.22 t ha-1in 2016 and 6.28 t ha-1in 2017) was obtained from T12 = Weedy check (control), while lowest benefit cost ratio (1.33 in 2016 and 1.74 in 2017) from treatment T11 =Weed free. It was concluded that [email protected] l/ha with one hand weeding at 45 days after transplanting performed better for controlling weed and maximizing bulb yield of onion. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 83-89

Residual Effect of Weed Management Practices Executed in Preceding Maize on Succeeding Greengram

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Sandhya Rani ◽  
V. Chandrika ◽  
G. Prabhakara Reddy ◽  
P. Sudhakar ◽  
K.V. Nagamadhuri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Cropping System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Microbial Count ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Weed Infestation

Background: Maize followed by summer pulses is the emerging cropping system in many places in India. Herbicides are the efficient tools for checking weed infestation and their usage is increasing throughout the globe due to increased labour cost and quick weed control. Some herbicides do not degrade quickly and may remain in the soil for weeks, months or years after application and may inhibit the growth of succeeding crops. Methods: Field experiment was conducted in a randomized block design (RBD) during rabi and summer seasons of 2017-18 and 2018-19 to know the residual effect of different herbicides applied in maize on succeeding greengram. Result: The present study revealed that lower density and dry weight of total weeds and higher yield attributes and yield was recorded with the practice of adopting two hand weedings at 15 and 30 DAS, which was however, at par with atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb one HW at 30 DAS, atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb topramezone 30 g ha-1 as PoE and atrazine 1.0 kg ha-1 as PE fb tembotrione 120 g ha-1 as PoE, without any significant disparity among them. Herbicides applied in maize did not alter statistically the enzyme activity and microbial count in the soil at harvest of succeeding greeengram. 

Optimizing the Application Time of Pre-emergence Herbicide Pendimethalin and Oxyfluorfen Application for Effective Weed Management in Irrigated Blackgram (Vigna mungo L.) and Its Residue Persistence

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Selvakumar ◽  
R. Ajaykumar ◽  
A. Ammaiyappan
Keyword(s):  
Field Experiment ◽  
Weed Control ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Vigna Mungo ◽  
Application Time ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Control Efficiency ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Weed Control Efficiency

Background: Time of pre-emergence herbicide application is an important factor that decides the efficiency of herbicide. If the pre-emergence herbicide is not applied at appropriate time, it may cause ineffective weed control or toxicity to crops. With this background, a field experiment was conducted at TNAU, Madurai to optimize the time of pre-emergence herbicides namely pendimethalin and oxyfluorfen application for effective weed management in irrigated blackgram. Methods: The experiment was laid out in randomized block design with three replication. Treatments were application of pendimethalin at 0.75 kg ha-1 and oxyfluorfen at 0.2 kg ha-1 on 1, 2, 3, 4 days after sowing, weed free check and unweeded check. Result: Results of the study revealed that oxyfluorfen gave maximum weed control efficiency as compared to pendimethalin, but toxicity to the crop was observed when oxyfluorfen was sprayed after 2 days of sowing. Yield and economics were achieved higher with application of 0.75 kg ha-1 of pendimethalin at 2 DAS, which was on par with application of 0.2 kg ha-1 of oxyfluorfen at 1 DAS due to lesser toxicity. Application of 0.75 kg ha-1 of pendimethalin and 0.2 kg ha-1 of oxyfluorfen didn’t leave any herbicide residue after harvest. Hence, application of 0.75 kg ha-1 of pendimethalin at 2 DAS and 0.2 kg ha-1 of oxyfluorfen at 1 DAS can be recommended for effective weed management in irrigated balckgram.

scholarly journals New Case of False-Star-Grass (Chloris distichophylla) Population Evolving Glyphosate Resistance

Agronomy ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 377 ◽  
Author(s):  
José G. Vázquez-García ◽  
Sajedeh Golmohammadzadeh ◽  
Candelario Palma-Bautista ◽  
Antonia M. Rojano-Delgado ◽  
José A. Domínguez-Valenzuela ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Chemical Control ◽  
Shikimic Acid ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Susceptible Population ◽  
First Case

Chloris distichophylla, suspected of glyphosate resistance (GR), was collected from areas of soybean cultivation in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. A comparison was made with a susceptible population (GS) to evaluate the resistance level, mechanisms involved, and control alternatives. Glyphosate doses required to reduce the dry weight (GR50) or cause a mortality rate of 50% (LD50) were around 5.1–3 times greater in the GR population than in the GS population. The shikimic acid accumulation was around 6.2-fold greater in GS plants than in GR plants. No metabolized glyphosate was found in either GR or GS plants. Both populations did not differ in the enzyme 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase (EPSPS) basal activity or in vitro inhibition of EPSPS activity by glyphosate (I50). The maximum glyphosate absorption was observed at 96 hours after treatment (HAT), which was twofold higher in the GS plants than in the GR plants. This confirms the first case of glyphosate resistance in C. distichophylla. In addition, at 96 HAT, the GS plants translocated more 14C-glyphosate than the GR ones. The best options for the chemical control of both C. distichophylla populations were clethodim, quizalofop, paraquat, glufosinate, tembotrione, diuron, and atrazine. The first case of glyphosate resistance in C. distichophylla was due to impaired uptake and translocation. Chemical control using multiple herbicides with different modes of action (MOA) could be a tool used for integrated weed management (IWM) programs.

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