ABOUT THE PHYTOCENOTIC ROLE OF THE DARKNOUS SPECIES IN THE SOUTHERN URALS

2017 ◽  
Vol 212 (12) ◽  
pp. 48-50
Author(s):  
Ju.P. Gorichev ◽  
◽  
A.N. Davydychev ◽  
A.Yu. Kulagin ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals

scholarly journals Early Permian granitoids of the East Magnitogorsk zone (South- ern Urals): petrology, geochemistry, and geodynamic formation environment

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 47-62
Author(s):  
Timofey Nikolaevich SURIN ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Water Pressure ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Geodynamic Setting ◽  
Type I ◽  
Early Permian ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Quartz Syenite ◽  
Crystallization Differentiation ◽  
Geochemical Study

The relevance of the problem. The Early Permian magmatism of the Southern Urals is poorly studied with the help of modern methods. The granitoid massifs of this age locally developed in the East Magnitogorsk zone contain important information about the geodynamic conditions of their formation. Clarification of this issue makes an important contribution to the understanding of the geodynamic development of the Urals. The nature of granitoids is still debatable. The connection with the massifs combined in the Balkan complex of gold-tungsten mineralization indicates the need for a comprehensive study. The purpose of the study is to determine the petrological and geochemical features of the rocks of the Balkan complex, to identify the mechanism of their petrogenesis and to establish the geodynamic conditions of their formation. Results. The petrological and geochemical study of the formations of the Balkan complex was carried out and their place in the typical taxonomy of granitoids was determined. Their belonging to the I-type is shown. Mineralogical and petrogeochemical methods were first studied for shonkinite xenoliths in granitoids. The mechanism of petrogenesis of rocks is proposed and the geodynamic setting of their formation is determined. It is shown that the monzonitemonzodiorite-quartz syenite-granosyenite-leucogranite series of rocks was formed as a result of crystallization differentiation of a single parental melting, and it was also concluded that the massifs of the complex are formed under conditions of early collision conditions with the important role of the subduction process. The mechanism of formation of the massifs of the complex is largely similar to mechanism for granitoids in other conflict areas, although it has its own specifics. Conclusions. 1). The Early Permian granitoids of the Balkan complex relates to type I. 2). All rocks of the complex, from monzonites to quartz syenites and leucogranites, including xenolith shonkinites, form a petrogenetic series formed as a result of crystallization differentiation of a single parent alkaline-gabbroic melting with increased water pressure. 3). The Balkan complex was formed in an early collisional setting under the action of deep subduction. 4). Transpression in the upper part of the crust induced formation of the massifs of the complex. 5). The Balkan complex is a kind of indicator of the growth of the newly formed crust as a result of collision and accretion processes.

scholarly journals The sources of zircons in clastic rocks of the Riphean deposits of the Urals

2019 ◽  
Vol 488 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-419
Author(s):  
A. A. Krasnobaev ◽  
V. N. Puchkov ◽  
N. D. Sergeeva ◽  
S. V. Busharina
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
Detrital Zircons ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Clastic Rocks ◽  
Lower Riphean ◽  
Age Variations ◽  
Age Determinations

New age determinations of detrital zircons of sandstones augmented the possibilities of interpretation of their provenance. This interpretation is often restricted by a formal comparison of age-and-composition characteristics of detrital crystals with any very distant model objects. A different situation arises when the role of a source of a detritus is claimed by local objects. The analysis of SHRIMP and TIMS - datеs of zircons and U and Th concentrations in them, and also a comparison of histograms of primary zircons from Riphean volcanics and rocks of the Taratash complex on one hand and the detrital zircons from the sandstones of Vendian (Asha series) and Lower Riphean (Ai Formation) on the other, have shown that the age variations of sources and clastics are comparable in many aspects. It means that the age characteristics of primary zircons from the Riphean volcanics and rocks of the Taratash complex as sources of zircon clastics for the Riphean and Vendian sandstones in the Southern Urals are regulated by processes of resedimentation, though the influence of distant sources is not excluded.

scholarly journals Symbolic of metal caldrons in the nomad culture

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 114-117
Author(s):  
Gulnara Sainovna Jumabekova ◽  
Galiya Appazovna Bazarbayeva
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Iron Age ◽  
Population Change ◽  
Social Rank ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Funeral Rite ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Culture Development

The paper briefly traces the symbolic role of the metal caldrons from the Early Iron Age. This category of items can be considered as attributes of the elite and aristocracy. Experts identified the connection of the caldron (kazan) with the funeral rite in the Middle Ages, traced its role as a marker of high social rank people. This dependence is also traced on the example of population change as a whole. These include the Jetysu district (South-Eastern Kazakhstan), the Southern Urals in the era of the early nomads, and the interfluve of the Dnieper and Volga in the late Middle Ages. Burials of men with a cauldron and other attributes of power in the era of the early and medieval nomads, probably indicates the fulfillment of their economic and military duties. The example of the functional purpose of boilers states the succession of the nomadic culture in the use of the power attributes. The value of the metal boiler along with some elements of the object complex (hryvnia, etc.), laid down even in the period of nomad culture development as a symbol of representatives of high rank people, preserved for thousands of years.

scholarly journals Impact of the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-1739 on the construction of relations between the Russian Empire and nomadic peoples of the Southern Urals and Central Asia (based on materials from Orenburg Expedition)

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 494-524
Author(s):  
Stepan V. Dzhundzhuzov ◽  
Sergey V. Lyubichankovskiy
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Russian Empire ◽  
State Archive ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Colonial Policy ◽  
External Threat ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
The Impact

The article considers the pattern of relationship between the Russian Empire and the nomadic peoples of the Southern Urals and Central Asia in the 1730s. The authors study the impact of the Russo-Turkish War of 1735-1739 on the geopolitical situation in the southeastern frontier zone, and review the signifi cance of the Orenburg Expedition (Commission) to the settlement of confl icts among the steppe subjects of the empire as well as for preventing threats to them coming from neighboring states. The study is based on materials of the Orenburg Commission and the Orenburg Expedition preserved in the State Archive of the Orenburg region. The authors do not share the opinion that the Orenburg Expedition was founded exclusively as a mechanism of imperial colonial policy, but neither do they deny its role in expanding Russia’s protectorate into the Kazakh steppe, and later into Central Asia. During the war, Russia aimed at preventing Kazakh raids against the Kalmyk nomads, for such raids prevented the Kalmyks from participating in the campaigns against the Crimean and Kuban Tatars who fought alongside Turkey. The article shows that the Orenburg Expedition, whose few troops were involved in suppressing the Bashkir uprising, were only able to provide the Kalmyks with diplomatic support. The aggressive policy of the Dzungar Khanate, aimed at the conquest of Kazakhstan, prevented the Kazakh Zhuzhes from establishing military hegemony in the Ural steppes. Only the fi rm stance of Russia, which declared its readiness to protect its Kazakh subjects, made the Dzungar ruler Goldan-Tseren renounce his claims to the Kazakh steppes. The authors conclude that the policy of Russia in this region was to prevent prolonged military confl icts among the steppe peoples while at the same time neutralizing any attempts at their military unifi cation. Russia assumed the role of a peacemaker, and, in the case of external threat, of a reliable ally; this raised the authority of the empire and forced the nomads to seek its patronage and submit to its will.

scholarly journals The role of scientific and engineering-technical intelligentsia of the South Urals in strengthening the country’s defense potential in the years of the Great Patriotic War

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 179-184
Author(s):  
Yulia Vladimirovna Kuznetsova
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
South Urals ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Technical Problems ◽  
Industrial Facilities ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Red Army

Significant territorial, material and human losses in the first months of the war determined the priority role of the Urals and other eastern regions in strengthening defense. Therefore, the scientific and engineering and technical intelligentsia of the Southern Urals played a big role in strengthening the countryэs defense potential during the Great Patriotic War. The author examines the activities of specialists of the leading industrial enterprises of the region during the war years; reveals the place of engineering and technical intelligentsia of the region in solving the problem of Soviet military equipment and other defense products quality. The author notes the contribution of concrete people to the solution of complex military-technical problems; shows creative search for technological and design teams. On the basis of archival documents, the historian analyzed the contribution of the scientific intelligentsia of the region to victory. The most difficult tasks in the conditions of wartime were also performed by the engineers of the construction organizations of the Southern Urals, who carried out the orders of the State Defense Committee to build new defense and industrial facilities of the country. The paper discusses leadership and participation of technical officers of the Southern Urals in the distribution, installation and commissioning of the equipment evacuated war factories. The researcher mentions schools and train skilled personnel for industry and transport, as well as participation of intellectuals in the patriotic movement to raise funds for the defense fund, warm clothes, gifts and food packages for the Red Army.

scholarly journals Уфа — культурный центр мусульман Российской империи на рубеже XIX–ХХ вв.: становление, развитие, наследие

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1243-1255
Author(s):  
Gulnaz B. Azamatova ◽  
◽  
Mikhail I. Rodnov ◽  
Marsil N. Farkhshatov
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Media ◽  
The City

Introduction. In the Southern Urals traditionally densely inhabited by Turkic peoples, the role of Ufa for the cultural and economic development of Bashkirs and Tatars was extremely important. Goals. The article highlights key moments in the formation of administrative, intellectual and economic resources in the Southern Ural capital, the systemic combination of which has turned Ufa into a center for the Muslim peoples of Russia’s East. The conceptual insight into cultural history of the multinational city presupposes analyses of religious, economic, and sociopolitical preconditions for its emergence. Materials. Along with historiographic data, the article investigates periodicals, archival documents, including a large array of reporting papers by the Volga-Kama Commercial Bank stored at the Russian State Historical Archives. Results. The early history of Ufa was associated with the existence of a Tatar settlement in the city and the shaping of a layer of non-Russian officials and nobility. The strategic efforts aimed at eliminating the influence of Central Asian and Turkish Muslims on co-religionists in the eastern outskirts of Russia resulted in an unprecedented project to create Orenburg Muftiate in Ufa. The latter’s activities became the main prerequisite for further concentration of intellectual and social resources of Russian Muslims in the city. The economic base of Muslim parishes with a full-fledged infrastructure — mosques, madrasas and maktabs — was largely formed by wealthy Ufa-based Muslim merchants. The role of Ufa in the social and political life of Russian Muslims can be traced through the development of the media, regional and national Muslim congresses. Conclusions. The development of Ufa as a center of Russia’s Turko-Islamic society contributes to the understanding of the phenomenon of cultural regionalism and its content.

scholarly journals Trace-elements in minerals from unusual rocks of the Southern Urals

LITOSFERA ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 269-292
Author(s):  
V. G. Korinevsky ◽  
K. A. Filippova ◽  
V. A. Kotlyarov ◽  
E. V. Korinevsky ◽  
D. A. Artemyev
Keyword(s):  
Trace Elements ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Petrographic Analysis ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Chemical Homogeneity ◽  
Icp Ms ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Host Rocks ◽  
First Time

Research subject. This articles presents the data obtained in the course of 75 analytical studies on a wide range of minerals (amphiboles, pyroxenes, garnets, spinels, olivines, anorthites, corundums, epidotes, apatites, clinochlore, dolomite, calcite, zircon) contained in igneous and metamorphic Southern Urals rocks. In addition, information is provided about the content of trace elements, including rare earth (REE) ones, in these rocks. The data on the content of trace elements in some minerals are presented for the first time (höegbomite, sapphirine, zoisite, clinozoisite, gedrite, cummingtonite, anthophyllite, potassium-magnesiohastingsite). Materials and methods. A petrographic analysis of rocks containing the minerals under study was carried out. A particular attention was paid to petrographic analysis of rocks containing the minerals under study was carried out. A particular attention was paid to “fresh” rocks, containing the mineral under study which rarely occur in the Urals. These rocks feature inclusions of serpentinite melange in the form of plates and lenses among the metamorphic strata (schists, gneisses, and amphibolites) and are characterized by the preservation of primary structures, relative chemical homogeneity, as well as the presence of simultaneous growth surfaces between most minerals. Of particular research interest were minerals from rocks, the composition of which had been relatively poorly studied (pyroxene-amphibole anorthite gabbro and gabbro-amphibolites, scapolite rocks, hornblendite, gedrite-cummingtonite-anthophyllitic crystallo-schists and amphibolites, ore-less carbonatites). The composition of mineral samples was determined using a scanning microscope REMMA-202 M equipped with an energy dispersive console and a mass-spectrometer Agilent 7700x (ICP-MS and LA-ICP-MS methods). Results. Petrographic characteristics of the rocks containing the minerals under study are given. The geographical coordinates of locations, where mineral sampling was performed, are provided. The content of trace elements is shown to vary greatly within related species of minerals (amphiboles, garnets, pyroxenes, olivines, epidotes, spinels, mica, etc.), with the fluctuations being independent of the alkalinity of host rocks or their geological nature.Conclusions. For the first time, a significant role of zoisite and clinozoisite in the process of concentrating trace elements, including REE, has been revealed. The role of apatite as one of the main mineral concentrators of REE has not been confirmed either in the main and ultrabasic rocks, or in some calcite-dolomite carbonatites. 

scholarly journals Nature of zircon clastics in the Riphean and Vendian sandstones of the Southern Urals

Georesursy ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-25
Author(s):  
A.A. Krasnobaev ◽  
V.N. Puchkov ◽  
N.D. Sergeeva ◽  
S.V. Busharina
Keyword(s):  
Southern Urals ◽  
New Age ◽  
Detrital Zircons ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Southern Urals ◽  
Mechanical Abrasion ◽  
Terrigenous Rocks ◽  
Age Variations ◽  
Composition Characteristics

New age dates of detrital zircons of terrigenous rocks augmented the possibilities of interpretation of their provenance. Unfortunately this interpretation is restricted by a formal comparison of age-and-composition characteristics of detrital crystals with any very distant model objects. The paper deals with a situation when the role of a source of a detritus is claimed by local objects. When comparing the age parameters of primary and detrital crystals of zircons, the data on Riphean volcanics and ancient metamorphics of the Taratash complex of the Southern Urals were used. Specifying the ideas on the nature of the zircon clastics (detritus) and its relationships with primary zircons of sources, a role of processes of mechanical abrasion is pointed out, leading to a clearing of heterogenous primary grains of defect crystals, which results in an accumulation of crystals of more homogenous appearance. The analysis of SHRIMP and TIMS-dates of zircons and U and Th concentrations in them, and also a comparison of histograms of primary zircons from Riphean volcanics and rocks of the Taratash complex on one hand and the detrital zircons from the Vendian and Riphean sandstones of the Southern Urals on the other, have shown that the age variations of both are rather comparable. It means that the age characteristics of primary zircons from the Riphean volcanics and rocks of the Taratash complex as sources of zircon clastics for the Riphean and Vendian sandstones are regulated by processes of resedimentation, and a detrital fraction of zircons is formed at the expense of local objects. The participation of very distant sources is not excluded, but in our case it is not detected.

scholarly journals ON COMPETITIVENESS OF THE PEDUNCULATE OAK IN BROAD-LEAVED FORESTS OF THE SOUTHERN URALS

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (4) ◽  
pp. 70-73
Author(s):  
R.Yu. Yanbaev ◽  
◽  
M.R. Khismatullin ◽  
V.Yu. Yanbaeva ◽  
G.E. Odintsov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coefficient Of Variation ◽  
Southern Urals ◽  
Oak Forests ◽  
Average Height ◽  
Pedunculate Oak ◽  
Tilia Cordata ◽  
Point Scale ◽  
Ural Mountains ◽  
The Southern Urals

The results of a comparative analysis of the height and density of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) and small-leafed linden (Tilia cordata Mill.), growing in the low mountains of the western macro slope of the South Ural Mountains, are presented. The study was conducted out in a floodplain oak forest with a composition of 80 % (oak) and 20 % (linden) and a density of 0,4 in windows of the canopy. The shoots and self-seeding of both species were not revealed. The projective cover of plants in all 7 trial plots is close to 100 %. Small (up to 0,5 m) and medium (0,51–1,5 m) undergrowth prevails. The oak dominates in most cases – its share on a 10- point scale is 7,4 ± 0,5 (coefficient of variation 18,3 %), compared with linden (2,4 ± 0,6, 58,9 %). The average height of the oak undergrowth is 64,6 ± 1,2 cm with changes from 20 to 140 cm (coefficient of variation 38,7 %). The growth of linden was almost 1,5 times higher (101,6 ± 1,9 cm), but it varies less (30–175 cm and 27,7 %). Differences in height between the two species are statistically significant (p < 0,001). The oak renewed more abundantly (12,4 ± 2,6 plants per square meter, 1,0 to 18,0 pcs, coefficient of variation 51,8 %) than linden (6,5 ± 1,9 cm, 0,25–13,4 pcs, 72,7 %). Plants with a developmental delay during the reversal and dying off of the main stem were not found. Smallleaved linden, which plays the role of «sod» at the first stage of his life, is currently beginning to inhibit the growth of young oak. The restoration of oak forests under these conditions is impossible without the forestry help (thinning).

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