scholarly journals TRANSACTION COSTS OF AN ORGANIZATION IN THE CONTEXT OF INFORMATIZATION OF THE ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
E.A. Gurianova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
Information Management Systems ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The relevance of the research topic is caused by an increase in the scale of growth of the process of informatization of economy. An essential condition for the effective functioning of business is organization of uninterrupted functioning of system of collecting, processing and storing information. In the context of increasing complexity and dynamics of both the external and internal environment of organization, it increasingly leads to need to use information management systems. This process influences the size and structure of organization’s transaction costs. The problem of optimizing transaction costs in the context of global business informatization was caused by the increasing complexity of social and economic interactions, as well as the increase in the volume and speed of information exchange. In these circumstances, the management of companies should analyze the structure, dynamics and sources of growth of transaction costs. That will allow the most efficient use of the resource potential of organizations. The purpose of this study is to analyze changes in transaction costs in the context of business informatization. This article uses the method of scientific analysis and synthesis. Thus, the article analyzes statistical data on the use of information technologies in domestic companies, as well as data on the economic effect of introduction of information systems. Further, based on the synthesis of the identified trends using the author’s classification of transaction costs, an assessment of the impact of reducing transaction costs from introduction of an information system on performance indicators of organization was carried out. The paper analyzes the level of business informatization in the Russian Federation, analyzes the impact of information technologies on performance of a firm, establishes the relationship between transaction costs and level of business informatization. The research results lead to the following conclusions. The introduction of modern information technologies in activities of organizations leads to decrease in transaction costs by increasing reliability of information database and transparency of organization’s information flows. This allows you to optimize the process of making management decisions in conditions of uncertainty, reduce the cost of doing business and, as a result, increase efficiency of organization.

scholarly journals The Impact of Supply Chain Partnership on Firm Performance: an Empirical Study Based on Listed Manufacturing Companies in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 22-38
Author(s):  
Panxin Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Resource Sharing ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Additional Test ◽  
Global Business ◽  
The Impact

Today, Supply Chain Management (SCM) is regarded as an essential strategic factor, which has a great deal of influence on earning competitiveness in global business environment. There are conflicts among all members of the SCM. In order to maximize the total profit of the SCM, negotiation among all members is necessary. For enterprise in the supply chain, the supply chain partnership has become a significant factor affecting firm performance. In this paper, I examine the impact of cooperation between enterprise and its supply chain partners. Specifically, I collect survey data from Chinese manufacturing firms about their relations with partners and use regression analysis to test hypotheses about the associations between firm performance and supply chain partnership. My results support that superior supplier partnership has a positive impact on reducing transaction costs and improving financial and market performance. In additional test, I establish a series of models with interactive terms. The results of additional test indicate that the impact is enhanced if the competition of each sub industry of the manufacturing industry is different. Above all, I put forward the following suggestions. Enterprise managers could establish an evaluation mechanism of suppliers and retailers, which select high-quality cooperative partners and reduce low-quality transaction costs for enterprises. When participating in business operation, shareholders could comprehensively understand the business conditions of various supply partners and choose reliable supply chain partners for investment. Also, the government can guide the realization of resource sharing and information exchange among supply chain enterprises, which is beneficial to create a more competitive supply chain to promote economic development.

scholarly journals Effective Cluster Model of Thermal Power Company Management

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3.2) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Vira Chevhanova ◽  
Kseniia Chichulina ◽  
Vitaliya Skryl
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Cluster Formation ◽  
Thermal Power ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Repair Work ◽  
Power Company ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this study is to determine the need for cluster formations; to identify the influence factors on the creation of a cluster of thermal power companies in Poltava region. The method of evaluating the efficiency of formation of this cluster has been developed.The methodological framework of this research is general scientific dialectical method of cognition, in which the research object is studied as a dynamic system in the process of its development. The formation of the main directions of thermal power company development was carried out on the basis of dialectical, historical and systematic methods. In the process of studying and generalization of scientific and practical development methods of comparison, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction were applied. Also the study is based on regulatory and economic instruments, economical studies and studies of scientific research institutions.As a result of the study the main participants of the cluster formation were identified. So it may be comprised of the members of the cluster, generating thermal energy, the thermal energy consumers and the region where the cluster of thermal power companies will be formed. According to the participants of cluster associations the factors of influence on economic and social effect from implementation of the cluster thermal power companies in the Poltava region were formed. We determined that to reduce the rate for thermal energy it is necessary to conduct a number of activities. The application of the proposed measures will significantly reduce the services cost of thermal power companies. The cost of thermal energy and the distribution among the participants of cluster associations were calculated on the example of Poltava region utility production enterprise of heat economy "Poltavateploenergo". The participants are heat producers, transport companies, distribution and heat supply companies, repair work companies, construction work enterprises. It is established that the overall effect of cluster members has both quantitative and qualitative nature. The impact on consumers is qualitative. It is based on the fact that the tariff for consumers remained unchanged in the medium term (five years). The essence of economic effect is in the quality and timeliness of services thermal management. The overall effect of its work influences all members. It occurs when there is the formation and implementation of cluster thermal power companies.But in addition to the advantages of cluster associations its major problems were presented in the work. Among them there are the following problems: the lack of informativeness of executive authorities and business representatives in the application of the cluster approach; the lack of public policy to ensure the systematic approach and organization of interaction between different levels of executive authorities in the implementation of cluster projects; lack of institutional and financial support to cluster initiatives; lack of trained personnel in the organizational aspects of cluster technologies; the lack of effective methodological base for the application of cluster technologies. Scientific novelty of received results is the development and calculation of economic effect from the formation of a cluster of thermal power companies both at the regional level and at the level of the enterprise and the consumer.  

Filling in the gaps in bookkeeping and tax accounting: A comparative analysis of international and Russian practices

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-368
Author(s):  
Ekaterina V. OLOMSKAYA ◽  
Andrei A. AKSENT'EV
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Accounting System ◽  
Accounting Systems ◽  
Accounting Information System ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Tax Accounting

Subject. This article explores the origination of the differences between bookkeeping and tax accounting, and their impact on decision-making. Objectives. The article aims to examine the reasons for the discrepancies between bookkeeping and tax accounting, reveal some aspects of accounting of differences from the position of their registration in a uniform accounting system or two parallel systems, if available, and determine the impact of such gaps on investment and management decisions. Methods. For the study, we used analysis and synthesis, observation, comparison, and the dialectical and data collection methods. Results. The article reveals the key features of the interaction between bookkeeping and tax accounting in Russia and foreign countries. It justifies that in today's economic realities, addressing shortcomings between these information systems is not a necessity, and shows the possible impact of differences on investment decisions. The article also graphically presents the application of cost-plus and balance-based methods of accounting for deferred taxes depending on the way information systems are organized, as well as their comparative characteristics. Conclusions and Relevance. The discrepancies between the two accounting systems provide an opportunity to assess the impact of tax planning on drawing a veil over the accounting profit. Studying the cost and balance methods, as well as the dialectic of the interaction of tax planning with the accounting information system, remain relevant. The results of the study can be useful to accounting and tax specialists, and other stakeholders who are studying the interactions of these information systems.

scholarly journals ASSESSMENT OF THE ECONOMIC IMPACT OF THE REGION'S TOURISM INDUSTRY: MULTIPLICATIVE EFFECT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Pidvalna ◽  
Svitlana Bohuslavska
Keyword(s):  
Information Technologies ◽  
Economic Effect ◽  
Tourism Industry ◽  
Retail Trade ◽  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Tourism Product ◽  
Main Indicator ◽  
Multiplier Effect ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
The Impact

The tourism industry is expanding its influence on the region’s economy by increasing the accessibility and accessibility of tourist facilities (development of transport infrastructure, communication and information technologies, formation of extensive networks of the hospitality industry, wholesale and retail trade, etc.). A characteristic feature of the regional tourism industry is the multiplicative economic effect, which is manifested through the positive dynamics of economic indicators of business entities involved in the business process of creating and implementing a comprehensive tourism product. The paper proves that the sphere of tourism is formed and developed in the relevant area under the influence of various factors that are reproduced in this area. However, the sphere of tourism itself is considered as a factor that influences and changes the socio-economic development of the region. The main indicator of the multiplier effect is the cost of tourists, so the policy of the region should be aimed at maximally stimulating such costs. This is the first task of maximizing the multiplier effect. The second task is to reduce the level of savings. Recognizing the fact that the impact of the multiplier effect of tourism, compared to the impact of other activities, is the most significant because it is a catalyst for the development of many industries, considering existing models for calculating the generalized multiplier (and on their basis), the author proposes to create a method of accounting for the indirect impact of tourism on a number of components of the economy and social sphere (differentiated model of the multiplier) of the region and the country as a whole. The assessment of individual components of the tourism multiplier should be based on a clear methodological basis and the availability of appropriate software. Thus in each component of the tourist multiplier the contribution to the corresponding sector of economy and social policy of the state should be considered. Thus, the use of a tourism multiplier to assess the impact of social processes on the tourism industry makes it possible to determine the equilibrium relationship between consumption and income, ie the process of income generation in different sectors of the economy, at the expense of tourists and tourists.

Is Organizational e-Democracy Inevitable? The Impact of Information Technologies on Communication Effectiveness

2005 ◽  
pp. 206-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernadette M. Watson ◽  
Gavin M. Schwarz ◽  
Elizabeth Jones
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Social Identity ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Change Implementation ◽  
Communication Effectiveness ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Empirical Examination ◽  
Technological Environment ◽  
Information And Communication ◽  
The Impact

In this chapter, we consider the relationships between social identity and e-democracy in organizations that exist in the constantly changing global business and technological environment. We also consider the inevitability of organizational e-democracy in organizations undertaking information technology (IT) changes, the technology at the base of e-democracy. Through an examination of employees’ experiences of change, we investigate their perceptions of changes in effective communication during major organizational change implementation in a hospital context. While the changes were far reaching, we mainly focus on the introduction of information and communication technology (ICT). We use an empirical examination of an Australian public hospital’s IT change experience as the backdrop to assess the accuracy of the statement that there is an improvement in the autonomy within organizations as a result of IT changes. We discuss our findings in light of the implications that arise for HR practitioners.

Information Management Systems in the Supply Chain

2017 ◽  
pp. 469-485
Author(s):  
Maria José Sousa ◽  
Rui Cruz ◽  
Ivo Dias ◽  
Carla Caracol
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Information Management Systems

This chapter analyzes the importance of technologies as drivers for managing supply chains. The focus will be on the advantages of the use of information technologies to improve company's efficiency to be competitive and for the reduction of costs, improvement of operations, improvement of relationships with customers, suppliers and partners, shortening of delivering times, streamlining and optimization of business processes and operations. The use of new technologies contributes to improve efficiency of supply chain management: raw material suppliers, component manufacturers, finished product manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers. Technologies allow an integrated approach to planning, control and monitoring of product flows, from suppliers to end users. They aim at improve customer service at reduced overall costs, and leads to the development of important relationships with logistics providers, suppliers, and customers in order to enhance information exchange and the coordination of business activities, which are the key advantages of an integrated supply chain with the collaboration among all the participants in the value chain.

Information Management Systems in the Supply Chain

2020 ◽  
pp. 600-616
Author(s):  
Maria José Sousa ◽  
Rui Cruz ◽  
Ivo Dias ◽  
Carla Caracol
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Customer Service ◽  
Value Chain ◽  
Information Exchange ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Business Processes ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Information Management Systems

This chapter analyzes the importance of technologies as drivers for managing supply chains. The focus will be on the advantages of the use of information technologies to improve company's efficiency to be competitive and for the reduction of costs, improvement of operations, improvement of relationships with customers, suppliers and partners, shortening of delivering times, streamlining and optimization of business processes and operations. The use of new technologies contributes to improve efficiency of supply chain management: raw material suppliers, component manufacturers, finished product manufacturers, wholesalers and retailers. Technologies allow an integrated approach to planning, control and monitoring of product flows, from suppliers to end users. They aim at improve customer service at reduced overall costs, and leads to the development of important relationships with logistics providers, suppliers, and customers in order to enhance information exchange and the coordination of business activities, which are the key advantages of an integrated supply chain with the collaboration among all the participants in the value chain.

The impact of transaction costs and institutional pressure on supplier environmental practices

2014 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
pp. 353-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wendy L. Tate ◽  
Lisa M. Ellram ◽  
Kevin J. Dooley
Keyword(s):  
Institutional Theory ◽  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Information Seeking ◽  
Business Practices ◽  
Institutional Pressures ◽  
Environmental Practices ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Environmental Practice ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact

Purpose – Suppliers play a more significant role in the environmental footprint of supply chains than most final manufacturers. The purpose of this paper is to apply transaction costs and institutional theory to help understand why the more conservative, or reactive suppliers may or may not be likely to adopt environmental practices. Design/methodology/approach – This research builds on a prior conceptual paper and uses the results of a survey to test whether transaction costs and institutional theory can provide insight into supplier's adoption of environmental practices. Findings – This research finds that perceived transaction costs affect supplier cooperation in adopting environmental practices. Suppliers are more likely to adopt an environmental practice if information-seeking costs are low or the cost of adoption is considered necessary to maintain the relationship. Data did not support the hypotheses concerning institutional pressures. Originality/value – There is much research in the area of proactive adoption of environmental business practices. This research looks specifically at what influences the adoption of environmental business practices by suppliers that are more reactive or hesitant to be leaders in this area.

scholarly journals Problems of Identification and Analysis of Transaction Costs at the Economic Entity Level

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (524) ◽  
pp. 158-163
Author(s):  
T. V. Herasymenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transaction Costs ◽  
Financial Statements ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Financial Investment ◽  
Existing Problems ◽  
Institutional Approach ◽  
Economic Entity ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Impact

The article is aimed at identifying and analyzing transaction costs when making management decisions at the level of an economic entity. In the course of the research, the following methods were used: grouping – in determining the main forms of transaction costs based on existing classifications; generalization – when systematizing information on the identification of approaches to the assessment and measurement of transaction costs; structural and logical – to determine the place of transaction costs in the structure of the enterprise’s costs; analysis and synthesis – to substantiate the recommendations for displaying information on the level of transaction costs at the enterprise in financial statements. The main forms of transaction costs on the basis of existing classifications are researched. Information on identification of approaches to valuation and measurement of transaction costs is systematized. The place of transaction costs in the structure of the enterprise’s expenses is determined. Recommendations on displaying information on transaction costs at the enterprise in the financial statements on the basis of their occurrence in a certain sphere of activity of the market entity (transaction costs of operational, financial, investment activities) are substantiated, which represents the scientific novelty of the research. It is concluded that the institutional approach, in particular application of the theory of transaction costs before their valuation and preparation of financial statements, allows not only identifying possible solutions to existing problems in accounting theory and practice, but also seting fundamentally new tasks that require non-standard solutions. The practical significance of the obtained research results is to determine the impact of transaction costs on the efficiency of the functioning of market entities and substantiate recommendations for displaying information about their level at the enterprise in financial statements.

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