scholarly journals Tobolsk’s crockery at the end of the 16th–17th centuries: experience of classification

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 120-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
I. V. Balyunov
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
The Town ◽  
Technology Of Production

Purpose. Fragments of clay vessels are the most massive findings from the cultural layer of the town of Tobolsk. The development of classification is the main task of the research of Tobolsk’s crockery with using statistical and comparative analyzes. Results. The classification of ceramic’s crockery at the ending of the 16th –17th centuries has a most importance for studying the archaeological materials of Russian settlements in Siberia. Their volumes have already reached immense sizes, but many questions of chronology and systematization remain unresolved. For solve this problem necessary to determinate the archaeological objects of the Russian population, where standing out the complexes of findings are reliably dated by a narrow period of time. At the end of the 16th –17th centuries objects are Lozvinsky Gorodok, Mangazeya, Berezovo, Albazinsky Ostrog characterized that period. In Tobolsk, during archaeological works, was singled out a cultural layer at the ending of the 16th –17th centuries, where the most massive findings are fragments of ceramic crockery. For create a classification of this collection necessary to learn experience of studying the materials of the other objects in Siberia. The most importance is using the system of statistical registration of ceramics from the epoch of the Russian Middle Ages, developed by V. Yu. Koval. Learning of Tobolsk crockery at the ending of the 16th – 17th centuries allows to distinguish the following forms of ceramic vessels: pots (a separate category of pots with plums), wash basins, bowls, frying pans, inkwells. Possibly to designate separately single findings of small pots, cups. The systematization forms of the upper parts of the pots allows to distinguish four types, each of them is divided in two variants. The main part of the crockery are made with the use of restorative roasting, it is defined as gray-brown. Better quality dark-gray glazed dishes (represented by single samples) can be defined as imported products. Conclusion. Previously, the local pottery production was formed under the influence of handicraft traditions that had emerged in the central part of the country. Tobolsk’s crockery at the ending of the 16th –17th centuries has many similarities with ceramics was found in the territory of the other Russian settlements in Siberia. Differences are also observed in the technology of production, in the character of the processing surface of crockery and others. We can do the conclusion that for each site there is a special ceramic complex, which requires detailed learning and systematization.

scholarly journals POTTERY WORKSHOP OF MYKILSKA SLOBIDKA VILLAGE IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19th CENTURY (based on the latest archaeological excavations)

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 413-422
Author(s):  
A. M. Olenich ◽  
A. M. Olenich
Keyword(s):  
Urban Development ◽  
19Th Century ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Pottery Production ◽  
Clay Deposits ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The Village ◽  
Archaeological Excavations ◽  
Different Parts

The paper introduces materials from the archaeological excavations on the territory of the village of the 16th—19th centuries Mykilska Slobidka. The village has not been subject to systemic archaeological excavations before. In 2016—2018 we carried out the investigating in different parts of the village. It was fixed that despite the modern urban development, the cultural layer was preserved in some parts of the village. Obtaining materials indicate the existence of pottery production there. The most interesting is the ceramic collection associated with the pottery complex of the beginning of the 19th century. The collection allows us to characterize the assortment of the pottery manufacturing in the Mykilska Slobidka village in the first half of the 19th century. Among the typical products of the workshops were pots decorated with white and red engobe painting, jugs, bowls, lids, mugs, flowerpots, bricks and probably tiles etc. It is interesting that there are no pottery clay deposits in the vicinity of the village. So it is possibly the clay was brought from other villages, may be on the other (right) bank of the Dnieper River.

scholarly journals Findings on Kupchegen-1 Settlement (Central Altai)

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-33
Author(s):  
Konstantinov N. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Russian Science ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Main Layer ◽  
Armor Plate ◽  
Animal Bones ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
The Village

Abstract: The paper presents the results of the chronological attribution of a complex of objects obtained during exploration work at the Kupchegen-1 settlement, located on the outskirts of the village of the same name in the Ongudai district of the Altai Republic. The settlement is located on a small site in a closed hollow, in the place of a seasonal watercourse. Due to this location, the cultural layer of the site is destroyed by a large gully, in which the locals collected lifting material in the form of fragments of ceramic vessels, iron products, animal bones and pieces of slag. In 2020, the ravine was cleaned up and additional material was obtained, allowing the dating of the main layer of the settlement. Based on the consideration of analogies of individual finds, in particular, an iron armor plate, a ceramic complex and a blank quiver loop, the materials of the settlement were tentatively dated to the 9th-13th centuries AD. It is possible that the materials received also contain a few items related to other periods. The studied complex can become a reference for the study of the settlements of the Turkic and pre-Mongol times of Altai. Keywords: settlement; Middle Ages; Turkic time; pre-Mongol time; ceramics; quiver; armor plate Acknowledgements: The research was carried out with the financial support of the Russian Science Foundation (project No. 20–78–00035).

Wood Tar Production Without the Use of Ceramic Vessels: Experimental Archaeology in Grodzisko Żmijowiska

2021 ◽  
pp. 135-139
Author(s):  
Paweł Lis ◽  
Krzysztof Wasilczyk
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Experimental Archaeology ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Birch Bark ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Product Ratio ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
The Right ◽  
Wood Tar

Several pits, the remains of wood tar production using the so-called ‘vessel-less method’, were discovered in the Lublin region. They contained objects related to the early Middle Ages. These discoveries were used as the base for experiments run in 2013 in the experimental archaeology centre at Grodzisko Żmijowiska. The first experiment involved the acquisition of wood tar from birch bark, while the other attempts were aimed at extracting tar from pine stumpwood. The experiments were conducted in a shallow pit that was plastered with clay and had a small depression at its bottom used as a container for the tar, separated from the pit by a clay strainer. The raw material gathered in the pit was covered with a clay dome. When the dome was dry, it was slowly heated up with burning wood to the right temperature which was checked inside the dome with a thermocouple. Both processes were conducted successfully. The results were compared with experiments focused on the production of wood tar using the two-vessel method known in the early Middle Ages. The comparison showed that the vessel-less method is less economical due to the amount of fuel used and almost three times less efficient in terms of the raw material to final product ratio. However, it is very simple technically and allows the effective production of wood tar.

ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXAMINATION OF THE LEFT BANK OF THE URTEMKA RIVER MOUTH (THE KOZHEVNIKOVSKY DISTRICT OF THE TOMSK REGION)

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 151-158
Author(s):  
BORODOVSKIY A. ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bronze Age ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
General Tendency ◽  
Left Bank ◽  
Archaeological Survey ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Ceramic Vessels

The article is devoted to a review of the archaeological survey results of the left bank of the Urtamka River mouth (the Kozhevnikovsky District of the Tomsk Oblast). The purpose of the research was to localize the station of the Urtam ostrog, marked on the map of 1701 by S.U. Remezov, located on the left bank of the Urtamka River. The survey of this territory made it possible to detect an elevated area (Urtamskoe-II), fenced on three sides by a sub-square ditch 2 m wide and 0.4 m deep. The total dimension of the fence was 200 m, which formally correlates with the perimeter of the Urtam ostrog, indicated in a written source of the late 17th century (1687). However, the archaeological study of the ditch section and the inner fenced area of the newly identified fortified settlement Urtamskoe-II did not reveal the cross-section of the ditch and the foundations of the log wall that are characteristic for the Early New Time. Such results complicate their connection with the Urtam ostrog. In addition, the osteological materials and fragments of the rims of ceramic vessels from the Irmen culture (Late Bronze Age) were found in the cultural layer of the discovered settlement. It should be noted that for the territories occupied by several archaeologically investigated ostrogs (Tomsky, Umrevinsky, Sayansky, etc.), the facts of the discovery of the earlier archaeological materials are quite typical. However, the ditch fence of the sub-square outlines of the residential area of the fortified settlement Urtamskoe-II significantly distinguishes it from the nearest Irmen settlement of the Baturino-1. Fencing with a “П” shaped moat are more typical for the settlements of the late Middle Ages on the territory of neighboring Baraba (Tyumenka, Chinyaikha). In general, the archaeological research carried out reflected the general tendency which is the complexity of localizing the ostrog as an archaeological site. Keywords: archaeological exploration, Upper Ob Region, ancient settlements, settlements, ostrog

The Rabbi and the Mancebo: Arévalo and the Location of Affinities in the Fifteenth Century

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (1-3) ◽  
pp. 197-225
Author(s):  
Eleazar Gutwirth
Keyword(s):  
Fifteenth Century ◽  
Middle Ages ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common Elements ◽  
Late Middle Ages ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Historical Moment ◽  
The Town

Abstract The background to this paper is the difference between occasionally atemporal and multinational approaches and local, historical approaches to religious ideas and encounters. The chosen example is that of two authors from one town (Arévalo) and one historical moment (fifteenth-century Castile). The article attempts firstly to identify stylistic, rhetorical, and literary elements in the historiographic traditions about the reputation of the town. Secondly it points to the changes in the status of the town in the late Middle Ages that affected Christians, Muslims, and Jews. Thirdly, after identifying certain tendencies in the writings of the two authors from the town, one Muslim (known as the Mancebo de Arévalo) and the other Jewish, Rabbi Yosef ibn Ṣaddiq de Arévalo, it searches for affinities and common elements in their attitudes.

scholarly journals Karakteristike najstarije slavenske keramike. Primjer lonca iz objekta SO 11 s nalazišta Murska Sobota - Nova Tabla

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mitja Guštin ◽  
Daša Pavlović
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Eastern Alps ◽  
Seventh Century ◽  
Porous Surface ◽  
Northern Adriatic ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Technological Developments ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
The Town ◽  
Construction Works

In the period from 1999 to 2008, as part of motorway construction works, comprehensive archaeological excavations were conducted in the part of the Prekmurje region between the banks of the Mura River and the town of Murska Sobota. Numerous remains were unearthed that can be associated with the first Slavic settlement in the area of the Eastern Alps and Northern Adriatic. In Nova Tabla, 189 residential structures from the early Middle Ages were examined. The settlement also contained a group of 11 skeleton graves, unearthed on the south-western margin of Roman tumuli with incineration graves. On the basis of typology and comparison with other related sites, and with the help of numerous radiocarbon dating tests, the Nova Tabla settlement has been divided into two larger cultural and time horizons: Murska Sobota 1 and 2, with interstages of development encompassing the period from the 6th until the beginning of the 9th century. The inventory of pit SO 11 with a fragment of a simply made small jug with a loosely curved mouth can be classified as belonging to the oldest early Slavic settlement remains in Nova Tabla. The reconstructed small pot (Fig. 3) with its slender shaped body, indefinitely shaped mouth, hand-made with a porous undecorated surface, is a good representative of Prague Culture pottery (cf. M. KUNA et al., 2005, 347) and has the recognisable workmanship characteristic of the earthenware of the first Slavic horizon of Murska Sobota 1. Apart from the light non-oxidised burning, the uneven, porous surface of the entire vessel is also typical of this facture. In the Slovenian archaeological context, a porous surface on ceramic vessels and carved, wave-shaped decorative lines are typical of early mediaeval Slavic pottery. Generally, the porosity of the surface is associated with admixtures of plant origin, usually with grains of wheat, which usually get completely burned in the process of baking (G. FUSEK, 1994, 16; M. KUNA et al., 2005, 339). One of the possible ways of achieving a porous surface was adding crushed coal. This method is hard to prove but was successfully carried out as part of an experiment in making Slavic pottery (M. GUŠTIN, 2005, 37; I. BAHOR, 2010). The newcomers’ distinctive pottery with its porous surface remained the only type of pottery over a short period of time. Soon after its appearance, in the first half of the seventh century, the first shaping and technological developments in early Slavic pottery from Nova Tabla and other sites had started.

scholarly journals Diariusz i listy. Kilka uwag o charakterze pism Kazimierza Sarneckiego

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 227-238
Author(s):  
Tomasz Ślęczka
Keyword(s):  
Consistent Pattern ◽  
The Other ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Main Task ◽  
State Of Health ◽  
Polish Literature ◽  
Genre Classification ◽  
Time Distance ◽  
The Subject

The subject of the article is the issue of genre classification of the writings of Kazimierz Sar-necki, who was a permanent agent of the Deputy Chancellor of Lithuania Karol Stanisław Radziwiłł, at the court of Jan Sobieski III. Sarnecki’s main task was to obtain information about what was happening around the monarch — above all his state of health and all the other matters, even of the lowest importance. Incarrying out his assigned tasks, Sarnecki kept a diary which, at intervals of about a week, he sent to his principal along with a separate letter. In it, he reported on his own activities, answered questions, and supplemented information that he did not record in the diary. They were two separate texts written independently but he sent them in one package. He used two different names to de-scribe them (diary and letter). Researchers of old Polish literature, however, were looking for a term that would allow Sar-necki’s entire preserved output to be given one name. Two such suggestions were made. The first of these comes from Janusz Woliński, the publisher of Sarnecki’s work, who called it a memoir. This is not a correct term because the work does not meet any of the elements of the memoir definition (Sarnecki does not focus the narrative on himself, his storytelling of the events is subordinate to a consistent pattern, there is also no time distance to the described matters). The author of the second is Alojzy Sajkowski. He created the term “epistolographic relation” because in the diary he saw an element subordinate to the letter accounts; he also noticed the similar-ity between the writings of Sarnecki and Jan Piotrowski, who kept a diary during the siege of Pskov (1581–1582) and from time to time rephrased subsequent parts, giving them a form of a letter which he then sent to his patron, Andrzej Opaliński. This term is not correct enough either. Sarnecki was not creating one work which combined elements of a diary and a letter but two separate works — a diary and a letter. Similarities with Piotrowski’s diary only go so far — Sarnecki did not rephrase anything, but sent “raw” material, and did not include the diary into the letter. That is why it is a better solution to use the names introduced by the author himself, because in this way we define the nature of his writing output most accurately.

Памятники ранненеолитической среднедонкой культуры у села Доброе на верхнем Дону

Światowit ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 57 ◽  
pp. 23-40
Author(s):  
Roman V. Smolyaninov ◽  
Aleksey A. Kulichkov ◽  
Yelizaveta S. Yurkina ◽  
Yevgeniya Yu. Yanish
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Cultural Layer ◽  
Early Neolithic ◽  
Bone Tools ◽  
Ancient Population ◽  
Ceramic Vessels ◽  
First Time ◽  
The Town ◽  
Neolithic Pottery

Nowadays there are 72 sites of the Neolithic Middle-Don Culture. Ceramic vessels are ornamented mostly using triangular pricks. These settlements are located on the banks of the rivers Voronezh and Don in their lower reaches. Not far from the town of Dobroe, a  concentration of Neolithic settlements was found. Three of them contained Early Neolithic pottery of the Middle-Don Culture (6th millennium BC). For the first time on the settlement Dobroe 9 a cultural layer was found in situ. Due to the discovery of the assemblage of pottery and stone and bone tools, new excavations allowed us to characterise the material culture of the ancient population of the Upper Don in a new way.

scholarly journals Classification of Land Use Changes (Model Area: Nitra Town)

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 249-259 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Haladová ◽  
František Petrovič
Keyword(s):  
Land Use ◽  
Agricultural Land ◽  
Land Use Changes ◽  
The Other ◽  
New Classification ◽  
The Past ◽  
Industrial Parks ◽  
The Town

Abstract This paper deals with the new classification of land use changes. We chose Nitra town in Slovakia as a model area. We examined changes of land use for the period 2003-2013. The main result of this work is a table for types of land use changes and a map that shows the location of these changes in Nitra town. Nitra is constantly expanding its area and it is also significantly changing within its borders. Agriculturally used surroundings of the town are being transformed into build-up areas and industrial parks. This transformation causes a loss of agricultural land and vegetation, in general. Agriculture in this region has been gradually declining and disappearing in the past years. On the other side, urbanisation, technicisation and industrialisation are highly supported

scholarly journals New Data on Bone (Horn) Girth Buckles of the Bulan-Koby Culture of Altai (on the Materials of the Archaeological Complex Choburak-I)

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-113
Author(s):  
N.N. Seregin ◽  
A.A. Tishkin ◽  
S.S. Matrenin ◽  
T.S. Parshikova
Keyword(s):  
Middle Ages ◽  
Late Antiquity ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Special Design ◽  
Altai Republic ◽  
Early Middle Ages ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Comprehensive Study

The article publishes a series of bone (horn) girth buckles from the necropolis of the Rouran time of the Choburak-I archaeological complex, located in the Chemal district of the Altai Republic. The authors present a detailed description of the main morphological features of six well-preserved products which were found in four male (mounds №30a, 31, 32, 34a) and two female (mounds №32a, 34) burials with a riding horse. The classification of published girth buckles made it possible to divide them into three types. The dated analogies of the considered finds from the Altai complexes dating back to the 4th-5th centuries AD are presented. For the studied specimens, general and special design details were revealed in comparison with the already known girth buckles from other sites of the Bulan-Koby culture of Altai. It was established that products from the Choburak-I complex demonstrate the development of local modifications of items of the group in question during the period of the Rouran Khaganate. Published archaeological materials expand the source base for a comprehensive study of the equipment of the riding horse of the Altai population at the turn of late Antiquity and early Middle Ages.

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