scholarly journals Predictors of arterial hypertension in children (A Review)

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (6) ◽  
pp. 123-135
Author(s):  
A. V. Burlutskaya ◽  
O. G. Korobkina
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Network Formation ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Blood Cholesterol ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Taxonomic Profile ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hypertension In Children

Background. Arterial hypertension poses a relevant problem and roots in early childhood. Today, arterial hypertension in children and adolescents is considered rather common and should be controlled and prevented as early as possible, which warrants further research into its pathogenesis and effective correction.Objectives. To generalize current knowledge of microbiota in the development of arterial hypertension in children.Methods. National and foreign published sources were surveyed in the eLibrary, Web of Science and PubMed databases. Keyword queries were: gut microbiota, arterial hypertension [артериальная гипертензия], children [дети], chronic systemic inflammation [хроническое системное воспаление], probiotics [пробиотики]. All sources have a publication depth of 7 years. The study used content analysis and descriptive analytics.Results. Arterial hypertension remains a problem of high economic, medical and social importance as a major cause of brain disorders and coronary heart disease. Hypertension is shown to emerge early in childhood and adolescence during the regulatory network formation. Manifold evidence is accumulated on the involvement of human microbiota in pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. Infant microbiota is more unstable than in adults. Its taxonomic profile is viewed important for sustaining health, with imbalances in intestinal microbiota potentially entailing serious consequences. The impact of microbiota on chronic systemic inflammation, lipid metabolism, development and progression of atherosclerosis has been reported. Certain bacterial strains are known to exert benign effect on arterial hypertension and blood cholesterol. Selected mechanisms of the microbiota-mediated regulation of blood pressure have been identified. Improved methods for microbial community correction are being developed and include diet, antibiotic, prebiotic and probiotic regimens, faecal microbiota transplant.Conclusion. Current achievements promise the emergence of novel approaches for arterial hypertension control early in childhood to avoid incorrigible adult complications.

The impact of arterial hypertension in children on dental decay activity

Stomatologiya ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
L. R. Kolesnikova ◽  
V. V. Dolgih ◽  
L. I. Kolesnikova ◽  
B. Ya. Vlasov ◽  
L. V. Natyaganova
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Dental Decay ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hypertension In Children

THE EFFECT OF BACTERIAL STRAINS ON THE ENZYMATIC ACTIVITY OF SOILS IN IMPACT ZONE OF ATAMAN LAKE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Zinchenko ◽  
◽  
E.S Fedorenko ◽  
A.V Gorovtsov ◽  
T.M Minkina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Dehydrogenase Activity ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Model Experiment ◽  
Impact Zone ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
The Impact

As a result of the model experiment, an increase in the enzymatic activity of meadow chernozem of the impact zone of Ataman Lake with the introduction of a strains mixture of metal-resistant microorganisms into the soil was established. The experiment has shown that the application of bacterial strains increases the dehydrogenase activity of contaminated soil by 51.8% compared to the variant without remediation

Contributory factors in Juvenile Diabetes manifestation from Ayurvedic View - A Cohort Survey

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hetal S. Gusai ◽  
V. K. Kori ◽  
Rajagopala S. ◽  
K. S. Patel ◽  
Ronakgiri V. Gosai
Keyword(s):  
Life Style ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Juvenile Diabetes ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
Dependent Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Childhood And Adolescence ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Contributory Factors ◽  
Type 1 Dm

Over the period of time, human race has evolved and till date the development is going on. There is continuous civilization and change in life style of human being. Due to these changes in life style, human being is constantly struggling against the changing environmental conditions to maintain optimum health and vigor throughout the life. These changes have lead to increase in the disease burden in the society. Juvenile Diabetes is also such condition which is going to increase day by day in children. Children are the most vulnerable community in society. Juvenile diabetes (Insulin Dependent Diabetes Mellitus – IDDM/ Type 1 DM / T1DM) is the most common endocrine/metabolic disorder of childhood and adolescence. The high prevalence data of Juvenile Diabetes is also alarming. Globally, the incidence of Type 1 DM is increasing in children and youth by about 3% per annum. It is characterized by deficient insulin production and requires daily parenteral administration of insulin, otherwise may prove fatal. The cause of type 1 diabetes is not known and it is not preventable with current knowledge. So a survey of 50 diagnosed juvenile diabetes patients in Jamnagar city of Gujarat state was conducted. With this survey study an effort has been done to find out some contributory factors in the manifestation of the disease from an Ayurvedic perspective.

scholarly journals Sex disparities in vitamin D status and the impact on systemic inflammation and survival in rectal cancer

BMC Cancer ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Abrahamsson ◽  
Sebastian Meltzer ◽  
Vidar Nyløkken Hagen ◽  
Christin Johansen ◽  
Paula A. Bousquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Cancer ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Metastatic Progression ◽  
Vitamin D Status ◽  
Cancer Specific Survival ◽  
Link Type ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background We reported previously that rectal cancer patients given curative-intent chemotherapy, radiation, and surgery for non-metastatic disease had enhanced risk of metastatic progression and death if circulating levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH) D] were low. Here we investigated whether the association between the vitamin D status and prognosis pertains to the general, unselected population of rectal cancer patients. Methods Serum 25(OH) D at the time of diagnosis was assessed in 129 patients, enrolled 2013–2017 and representing the entire range of rectal cancer stages, and analyzed with respect to season, sex, systemic inflammation, and survival. Results In the population-based cohort residing at latitude 60°N, 25(OH) D varied according to season in men only, who were overrepresented among the vitamin D-deficient (< 50 nmol/L) patients. Consistent with our previous findings, the individuals presenting with T4 disease had significantly reduced 25(OH) D levels. Low vitamin D was associated with systemic inflammation, albeit with distinct modes of presentation. While men with low vitamin D showed circulating markers typical for the systemic inflammatory response (e.g., elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate), the corresponding female patients had elevated serum levels of interleukin-6 and the chemokine (C-X-C motif) ligand 7. Despite disparities in vitamin D status and the potential effects on disease attributes, significantly shortened cancer-specific survival was observed in vitamin D-deficient patients irrespective of sex. Conclusion This unselected rectal cancer cohort confirmed the interconnection of low vitamin D, more advanced disease presentation, and poor survival, and further suggested it may be conditional on disparate modes of adverse systemic inflammation in men and women. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.govNCT01816607; registration date: 22 March 2013.

scholarly journals Sex Dimorphism in Pulmonary Hypertension: The Role of the Sex Chromosomes

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 779
Author(s):  
Daria S. Kostyunina ◽  
Paul McLoughlin
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Pulmonary Vascular Resistance ◽  
Vascular Resistance ◽  
Sex Chromosomes ◽  
Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ◽  
Sex Dimorphism ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
The Impact

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a condition characterised by an abnormal elevation of pulmonary artery pressure caused by an increased pulmonary vascular resistance, frequently leading to right ventricular failure and reduced survival. Marked sexual dimorphism is observed in patients with pulmonary arterial hypertension, a form of pulmonary hypertension with a particularly severe clinical course. The incidence in females is 2–4 times greater than in males, although the disease is less severe in females. We review the contribution of the sex chromosomes to this sex dimorphism highlighting the impact of proteins, microRNAs and long non-coding RNAs encoded on the X and Y chromosomes. These genes are centrally involved in the cellular pathways that cause increased pulmonary vascular resistance including the production of reactive oxygen species, altered metabolism, apoptosis, inflammation, vasoconstriction and vascular remodelling. The interaction with genetic mutations on autosomal genes that cause heritable pulmonary arterial hypertension such as bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMPR2) are examined. The mechanisms that can lead to differences in the expression of genes located on the X chromosomes between females and males are also reviewed. A better understanding of the mechanisms of sex dimorphism in this disease will contribute to the development of more effective therapies for both women and men.

scholarly journals Urban Fire Severity and Vegetation Dynamics in Southern California

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Lauren E. H. Mathews ◽  
Alicia M. Kinoshita
Keyword(s):  
Vegetation Cover ◽  
Vegetation Index ◽  
Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Fire Severity ◽  
Satellite Image ◽  
Burn Severity ◽  
Native Vegetation ◽  
Riparian Areas ◽  
The Impact

A combination of satellite image indices and in-field observations was used to investigate the impact of fuel conditions, fire behavior, and vegetation regrowth patterns, altered by invasive riparian vegetation. Satellite image metrics, differenced normalized burn severity (dNBR) and differenced normalized difference vegetation index (dNDVI), were approximated for non-native, riparian, or upland vegetation for traditional timeframes (0-, 1-, and 3-years) after eleven urban fires across a spectrum of invasive vegetation cover. Larger burn severity and loss of green canopy (NDVI) was detected for riparian areas compared to the uplands. The presence of invasive vegetation affected the distribution of burn severity and canopy loss detected within each fire. Fires with native vegetation cover had a higher severity and resulted in larger immediate loss of canopy than fires with substantial amounts of non-native vegetation. The lower burn severity observed 1–3 years after the fires with non-native vegetation suggests a rapid regrowth of non-native grasses, resulting in a smaller measured canopy loss relative to native vegetation immediately after fire. This observed fire pattern favors the life cycle and perpetuation of many opportunistic grasses within urban riparian areas. This research builds upon our current knowledge of wildfire recovery processes and highlights the unique challenges of remotely assessing vegetation biophysical status within urban Mediterranean riverine systems.

scholarly journals Metabolic phenotyping reveals a reduction in the bioavailability of serotonin and kynurenine pathway metabolites in both the urine and serum of individuals living with Alzheimer’s disease

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Luke Whiley ◽  
◽  
Katie E. Chappell ◽  
Ellie D’Hondt ◽  
Matthew R. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Systemic Inflammation ◽  
Metabolic Phenotyping ◽  
Acid Urine ◽  
Metabolite Concentrations ◽  
Ssri Medication ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Urine And Serum ◽  
Urine Serum

Abstract Background Both serotonergic signalling disruption and systemic inflammation have been associated with the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). The common denominator linking the two is the catabolism of the essential amino acid, tryptophan. Metabolism via tryptophan hydroxylase results in serotonin synthesis, whilst metabolism via indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) results in kynurenine and its downstream derivatives. IDO is reported to be activated in times of host systemic inflammation and therefore is thought to influence both pathways. To investigate metabolic alterations in AD, a large-scale metabolic phenotyping study was conducted on both urine and serum samples collected from a multi-centre clinical cohort, consisting of individuals clinically diagnosed with AD, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and age-matched controls. Methods Metabolic phenotyping was applied to both urine (n = 560) and serum (n = 354) from the European-wide AddNeuroMed/Dementia Case Register (DCR) biobank repositories. Metabolite data were subsequently interrogated for inter-group differences; influence of gender and age; comparisons between two subgroups of MCI - versus those who remained cognitively stable at follow-up visits (sMCI); and those who underwent further cognitive decline (cMCI); and the impact of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) medication on metabolite concentrations. Results Results revealed significantly lower metabolite concentrations of tryptophan pathway metabolites in the AD group: serotonin (urine, serum), 5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid (urine), kynurenine (serum), kynurenic acid (urine), tryptophan (urine, serum), xanthurenic acid (urine, serum), and kynurenine/tryptophan ratio (urine). For each listed metabolite, a decreasing trend in concentrations was observed in-line with clinical diagnosis: control > MCI > AD. There were no significant differences in the two MCI subgroups whilst SSRI medication status influenced observations in serum, but not urine. Conclusions Urine and serum serotonin concentrations were found to be significantly lower in AD compared with controls, suggesting the bioavailability of the neurotransmitter may be altered in the disease. A significant increase in the kynurenine/tryptophan ratio suggests that this may be a result of a shift to the kynurenine metabolic route due to increased IDO activity, potentially as a result of systemic inflammation. Modulation of the pathways could help improve serotonin bioavailability and signalling in AD patients.

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