scholarly journals Supplementation of minerals in effective management of refractory major depressive disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 3-9
Author(s):  
Pankaj B. Shah ◽  
Vijaya Srinivasan ◽  
Ramanathan Sathianathan ◽  
S. Poonguzhali ◽  
Shalini Lakshmanan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nutritive Value ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
Nutritional Interventions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

In the past two decades, rapid urbanization and globalization have adversely changed our lifestyle and diet habits. Our traditional healthy food habits have been replaced by processed foods with low nutritive value. These measures also saw a high prevalence of depression and other psychiatric disorders not only in western, urbanized countries but also in other developing countries as well. Long-term undernutrition due to deficiency of micronutrients such as iodine and iron can lead to increased chances of physical and mental disabilities. Undernourished children have less energy, decreased curiosity, and less interest in physical activities as well as they lack communication skills. These factors impair their physical, mental, and cognition. The aim of this article was to find the association of micronutrients especially minerals in patients with major depressive disorders. An adequate supply of nutrients is essential to regulate microbiome health and to improve the efficacy of other psychotherapeutic and psychopharmacological interventions. Lifestyle interventions in the form of dietary coaching could be used as promising, cost-effective, and practical intervention in depressed individuals. Nutritional interventions should be integrated in the multifactorial and treatment-resistant psychiatry patients.

Long-term morbidity in bipolar-I, bipolar-II, and unipolar major depressive disorders

2015 ◽  
Vol 178 ◽  
pp. 71-78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alberto Forte ◽  
Ross J. Baldessarini ◽  
Leonardo Tondo ◽  
Gustavo H. Vázquez ◽  
Maurizio Pompili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

Psychosocial disability and work role function compared across the long-term course of bipolar I, bipolar II and unipolar major depressive disorders

2008 ◽  
Vol 108 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 49-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lewis L. Judd ◽  
Pamela J. Schettler ◽  
David A. Solomon ◽  
Jack D. Maser ◽  
William Coryell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Work Role ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Role Function ◽  
Bipolar Ii ◽  
Psychosocial Disability ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

scholarly journals The Role of HPA Axis and Allopregnanolone on the Neurobiology of Major Depressive Disorders and PTSD

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5495
Author(s):  
Felipe Borges Almeida ◽  
Graziano Pinna ◽  
Helena Maria Tannhauser Barros
Keyword(s):  
Hpa Axis ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Post Traumatic Stress ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Physiological Adaptations ◽  
Suppression Test ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders ◽  
Cortisol Release

Under stressful conditions, the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis acts to promote transitory physiological adaptations that are often resolved after the stressful stimulus is no longer present. In addition to corticosteroids (e.g., cortisol), the neurosteroid allopregnanolone (3α,5α-tetrahydroprogesterone, 3α-hydroxy-5α-pregnan-20-one) participates in negative feedback mechanisms that restore homeostasis. Chronic, repeated exposure to stress impairs the responsivity of the HPA axis and dampens allopregnanolone levels, participating in the etiopathology of psychiatric disorders, such as major depressive disorder (MDD) and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). MDD and PTSD patients present abnormalities in the HPA axis regulation, such as altered cortisol levels or failure to suppress cortisol release in the dexamethasone suppression test. Herein, we review the neurophysiological role of allopregnanolone both as a potent and positive GABAergic neuromodulator but also in its capacity of inhibiting the HPA axis. The allopregnanolone function in the mechanisms that recapitulate stress-induced pathophysiology, including MDD and PTSD, and its potential as both a treatment target and as a biomarker for these disorders is discussed.

scholarly journals Development of a Nomogram for Predicting Depression in the Elderly Using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 among a Nationwide Sample of Korean Elderly

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 645
Author(s):  
Haewon Byeon
Keyword(s):  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Subjective Health ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Subjective Health Status ◽  
Major Depressive ◽  
Moderate Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Patient Health ◽  
Intensity Physical Activity ◽  
Major Depressive Disorders

This cross-sectional study developed a nomogram that could allow medical professionals in the primary care setting to easily and visually confirm high-risk groups of depression. This study analyzed 4011 elderly people (≥60 years old) who completed a health survey, blood pressure, physical measurement, blood test, and a standardized depression screening test. A major depressive disorder was measured using the Korean version of the Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). This study built a model for predicting major depressive disorders using logistic regression analysis to understand the relationship of each variable with major depressive disorders. In the result, the prevalence of depression measured by PHQ-9 was 6.8%. The results of multiple logistic regression analysis revealed that the major depressive disorder of the elderly living alone was significantly (p < 0.05) related to monthly mean household income, the mean frequency of having breakfast per week for the past year, moderate-intensity physical activity, subjective level of stress awareness, and subjective health status. The results of this study implied that it would be necessary to continuously monitor these complex risk factors such as household income, skipping breakfast, moderate-intensity physical activity, subjective stress, and subjective health status to prevent depression among older adults living in the community.

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