Regional differences in porcine adipocytes isolated from skeletal muscle and adipose tissues as identified by a proteomic approach

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (9) ◽  
pp. 2115-2125 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Gondret ◽  
N. Guitton ◽  
C. Guillerm-Regost ◽  
I. Louveau
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Proteomic Approach ◽  
Porcine Adipocytes

scholarly journals Metformin regulates metabolic and nonmetabolic pathways in skeletal muscle and subcutaneous adipose tissues of older adults

Aging Cell ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. e12723 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ameya S Kulkarni ◽  
Erika F Brutsaert ◽  
Valentin Anghel ◽  
Kehao Zhang ◽  
Noah Bloomgarden ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Subcutaneous Adipose

scholarly journals How Muscle Structure and Composition Influence Meat and Flesh Quality

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Listrat ◽  
Bénédicte Lebret ◽  
Isabelle Louveau ◽  
Thierry Astruc ◽  
Muriel Bonnet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Production Efficiency ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
Muscle Fibers ◽  
Intramuscular Fat ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Flesh Quality ◽  
Technological Value

Skeletal muscle consists of several tissues, such as muscle fibers and connective and adipose tissues. This review aims to describe the features of these various muscle components and their relationships with the technological, nutritional, and sensory properties of meat/flesh from different livestock and fish species. Thus, the contractile and metabolic types, size and number of muscle fibers, the content, composition and distribution of the connective tissue, and the content and lipid composition of intramuscular fat play a role in the determination of meat/flesh appearance, color, tenderness, juiciness, flavor, and technological value. Interestingly, the biochemical and structural characteristics of muscle fibers, intramuscular connective tissue, and intramuscular fat appear to play independent role, which suggests that the properties of these various muscle components can be independently modulated by genetics or environmental factors to achieve production efficiency and improve meat/flesh quality.

Acute peripheral tissue effects of ghrelin on interstitial levels of glucose, glycerol, and lactate: a microdialysis study in healthy human subjects

2013 ◽  
Vol 304 (12) ◽  
pp. E1273-E1280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Esben Thyssen Vestergaard ◽  
Niels Møller ◽  
Jens Otto Lunde Jørgensen
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Adipose Tissue ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Systemic Exposure ◽  
Metabolic Effects ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Healthy Human ◽  
Adipose Tissues ◽  
Ghrelin Receptor ◽  
Basal Period

Ghrelin is a gut-derived peptide and an endogenous ligand for the ghrelin receptor. Intravenous infusion of ghrelin induces insulin resistance and hyperglycemia and increases circulating levels of nonesterified free fatty acids. Our objective was to investigate whether the metabolic effects are mediated directly by ghrelin in skeletal muscle and adipose (peripheral and central) tissues. Ten healthy men (24.9 ± 1.3 yr) received 300 min of supraphysiological ghrelin administration by microdialysis catheters in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues in a randomized, single-blind, and placebo-controlled study. Microdialysis perfusates were analyzed every 30 min for glucose, glycerol, and lactate during both a basal period and a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. The primary outcome measures were interstitial concentrations of glucose, glycerol, and lactate in skeletal muscle and adipose tissues. Interstitial concentrations of glucose were similar in skeletal muscle, peripheral, and central adipose tissue in the basal period. During hyperinsulinemia, interstitial concentrations of glucose in skeletal muscle decreased in response to ghrelin exposure [2.84 ± 0.25 (ghrelin) vs. 3.06 ± 0.26 mmol/l (placebo), P = 0.04]. Ghrelin exposure did not impact on interstitial concentrations of glycerol and lactate. We conclude that ghrelin administration into skeletal muscle decreases interstitial concentrations of glucose during euglycemic hyperinsulinemia, which is indicative of increased insulin sensitivity without any effects on interstitial glycerol levels in either muscle or adipose tissue. These data contrast with the metabolic effects of ghrelin observed after systemic exposure and suggest the existence of a second messenger that remains to be identified.

Regional differences in constitutive and induced ICAM-1 expression in vivo

1995 ◽  
Vol 269 (6) ◽  
pp. H1955-H1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Panes ◽  
M. A. Perry ◽  
D. C. Anderson ◽  
A. Manning ◽  
B. Leone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Skeletal Muscle ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Time Course ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule ◽  
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 ◽  
Fourfold Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent Increase ◽  
Dose Dependent ◽  
Higher Doses

The aim of the present study was to characterize and compare the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on unstimulated and endotoxin-challenged endothelial cells in different tissues of the rat. ICAM-1 expression was measured using 125I-labeled anti-rat ICAM-1 monoclonal antibody (MAb) and an isotype-matched control MAb labeled with 131I (to correct for nonspecific accumulation of the binding MAb). Under baseline conditions, ICAM-1 MAb binding was observed in all organs. The binding of 125I-ICAM-1 MAb varied widely among organs, with the largest accumulation (per g tissue) in the lung, followed by heart (1/30th of lung activity), splanchnic organs (1/50th of lung activity), thymus (1/100th of lung activity), testes (1/300th of lung activity), and skeletal muscle (1/800th of lung activity). Endotoxin induced an increase in ICAM-1 MAb binding in all organs except the spleen. Endotoxin-induced upregulation of ICAM-1 was greatest in heart and skeletal muscle (5- to 10-fold), whereas the remaining organs exhibited a two- to fourfold increase in ICAM-1 expression. Maximal upregulation of ICAM-1 occurred at 9-12 h after endotoxin administration. A dose-dependent increase in ICAM-1 expression was elicited by 0.1-10 microgram/kg, with higher doses (up to 5 mg/kg) producing no further increment. Induction of ICAM-1 mRNA after endotoxin was observed in all tissues examined (lung, heart, intestine), peaked at 3 h, and then rapidly returned to control levels. These findings indicate that ICAM-1 is constitutively expressed on vascular endothelium in all organs of the rat and that there are significant regional differences in the magnitude and time course of endotoxin-induced ICAM-1 expression.

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