The Effect of Change of Ration on the Required Length of Preliminary Feeding Period in Digestion Trials with Sheep

1956 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 846-853 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. E. Lloyd ◽  
H. E. Peckham ◽  
E. W. Crampton
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Period

Length of Feeding Period and Number of Animals Required to Measure Economy of Gain in Progeny Tests of Beef Bulls

1942 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
pp. 285-292 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradford Knapp ◽  
Ralph W. Phillips ◽  
W. H. Black ◽  
R. T. Clark
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Period ◽  
Progeny Tests ◽  
Beef Bulls

scholarly journals Dietary replacement of fish meal by defatted and fermented soybean meals with taurine supplementation for pompano fish: effects on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and biological parameters in a long-term feeding period

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hung Phuc Nguyen ◽  
Thinh Van Do ◽  
Hau Duc Tran
Keyword(s):  
Growth Performance ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fish Meal ◽  
Basal Diet ◽  
Nutrient Digestibility ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Taurine Supplementation ◽  
Fermented Soybean

Abstract A 16-wk growth trial was conducted to examine the effects of dietary replacement of fish meal by defatted soybean meal (SBM) and fermented soybean meal (FSBM) with taurine supplementation on growth performance, nutrient apparent digestibility coefficient (ADC) and biological parameters of pompano fish. The FSBM was produced by fermenting SBM with Lactobacillus spp. Seven isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets were formulated to replace 35% or 50% of fish meal by SBM or FSBM with taurine supplementation. The diets are denoted as follows: FM, SBM35, SBM35T, FSBM35T, SBM50, SBM50T, and FSBM50T. The FM (the basal diet) contained fish meal as a main source of dietary protein. Taurine was supplemented to SBM35T, FSBM35T, SBM50T, and FSBM50T at the level of 15 g/kg diet. Pompano juveniles with an initial body weight (BW) of 80 g reared in floating net cages were fed the experimental diets twice daily for 16 wk. Results showed that the final BW, weight gain, and feed conversion ratio of fish fed SBM35 and SBM50 were significantly lower than those of fish fed FM (P < 0.05), indicating that the replacement of fish meal by SBM at the rate of 35% in the diet is excessive for pompano. Supplementation of taurine to the SBM-included diets significantly increased growth performance and feed utilization (P < 0.05); however, these diets did not restore the performance back to a level equivalent to that of fish offered the basal diet. Meanwhile, fish fed FSBM35T had comparable growth and feed performances to those fed FM. Hematocrit values, total biliary bile acid levels, whole body lipid contents, and tissue taurine concentrations of fish fed SBM35 and SBM50 were the lowest among the treatments, but these parameters were improved by taurine supplementation and FSBM inclusion in the diet. Taurine supplementation increased lipid ADC, and SBM fermentation slightly enhanced both lipid and protein ADCs of the fish. These findings suggest that the combination of FSBM and taurine supplementation is an effective way to improve growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and biological parameters, and that FSBM with taurine supplementation can replace 35% of fish meal in pompano diets without any negative effects on growth and feed performances in a long-term feeding period.

Accuracy of the regulation of caloric ingestion in the rhesus monkey

1978 ◽  
Vol 235 (1) ◽  
pp. R29-R34 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. McHugh ◽  
T. H. Moran
Keyword(s):  
Rhesus Monkey ◽  
Macaca Mulatta ◽  
Caloric Intake ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Random Fashion ◽  
Series Of Experiments

In seven male monkeys, Macaca mulatta, the infusion of nutrients into the stomach just prior to or 20 h before a 4-h feeding period reduced the feeding by an amount comparable to the calories infused. Pure carbohydrates, fat, protein, and mixtures were employed as infusions and given in a random fashion over a caloric range of 75-300 kcal. In a second series of experiments, monkeys were partially fasted on 1 day and in this way deprived of 75, 150, 300, or 450 kcal. On successive days, they overate to compensate for this deprivation. The smaller deprivations (75 and 150 kcal) were corrected on the first recovery day. The 300-kcal deprivation required 2 days to be corrected while the 450-kcal deficit was only partially restored. These experiments demonstrate the capacities of the monkey to respond with precision to caloric supply and deprivation so as to maintain a constant caloric intake.

RESPONSE OF LACTATING EWES TO SNOW AS A SOURCE OF WATER

1981 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. DEGEN ◽  
B. A. YOUNG
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Milk Yield ◽  
Total Body Water ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Water Turnover ◽  
Total Body ◽  
Reduced Water

Eight Suffolk-cross ewes, each nursing a ram-lamb, were kept in a snow-covered field and were individually offered 2 kg of dehydrated alfalfa pellets daily. Half the ewes were denied water from the 4th to 14th wk of lactation but had access to snow as a water source (snow ewes), while the others were offered water during the daily feeding period (water ewes). The ewes readily accepted snow as their source of water. The total water turnover of the snow ewes was approximately 35% less than that of the water ewes; however, this reduced water intake did not affect their milk yield, total body water, or hemactocrit. The liveweight and total body solids of the ewes and energy content of the milk were not significantly different in the two groups. The weight gain of the lambs from the two groups of ewes was not significantly different, averaging 118 and 105 g/day for lambs from the water and snow ewes, respectively.

Change with length of feeding period in the oestrogenic response to ovariectomized ewes to ingested coumestans

1975 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 305 ◽  
Author(s):  
RW Kelly ◽  
DR Lindsay
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Mucus ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Deactivation Mechanism

Three experiments were conducted to test the effect of the period of intake of feed containing coumestans, and the amount of coumestans in the feed, on the production of cervical mucus in ovariectomized ewes. After long periods of feeding of medic cubes, ewes produced much less mucus than after shorter periods of feeding when feed containing 525 ppm coumestrol and 935 ppm 4'-methoxycoumestrol was ingested. When feed containing approximately one-third of these amounts of coumestans was ingested, the production of cervical mucus initially increased, being greater after 4 than 1 day's exposure to the feed. After 8–16 days of feeding on these diets, ewes produced the same amount of mucus as those fed on a non-oestrogenic diet. The decline in the cervical mucus response suggested either that a deactivation mechanism for coumestans develops in the ewe, or that the ewe becomes refractory to coumestans.

A comparison of the growth of Brahman and F1 Senepol × Brahman steers in an Indonesian feedlot

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (10) ◽  
pp. 2096 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Schatz
Keyword(s):  
Mortality Rate ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Brahman Steers ◽  
Daily Gain ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Live Export

This study compares the performance of F1 Senepol × Brahman steers (F1 SEN) to Brahman (BRAH) steers in an Indonesian feedlot. The focus was to address concerns that crossbred cattle are discriminated against by live export cattle buyers due to a perception that they do not perform as well as Brahmans in Indonesian feedlots. F1 SEN (n = 54) and BRAH (n = 32) steers that had grazed together since weaning at Douglas Daly Research Farm (Northern Territory) were exported to Indonesia and fed for 121 days in a feedlot near Lampung (Sumatra, Indonesia). The average daily gain of the F1 SEN steers over the feeding period was 0.17 kg/day higher (P < 0.001) than the BRAH steers (1.71 vs 1.54 kg/day). As a result the F1 SEN put on an average of 21.6 kg more over the 121-day feeding period and they did not have a higher mortality rate. Consequently, F1 SEN steers performed better than BRAH in an Indonesian feedlot and these results should encourage live export cattle buyers to purchase this type of cattle (Brahman crossed with a tropically adapted Bos taurus breed) with confidence that they can perform at least as well as Brahmans in Indonesian feedlots, although it should be noted that growth rates are usually higher in F1 crosses than in subsequent generations.

Longevity of Anopheles maculipennis race atroparvus, van Thiel, at controlled Temperature and Humidity after one Blood Meal

1939 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 295-301 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. S. Leeson
Keyword(s):  
Blood Meal ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Anopheles Maculipennis ◽  
Culex Fatigans ◽  
Temperature And Humidity ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Blood Meals

From January to July 1938, experiments with Anopheles maculipennis race atroparvus, Van Thiel, were undertaken to discover whether humidity and the age at which the females fed influenced their longevity. It was found that they lived longer at higher than at lower humidities; that most of the females which fed did so in the first three days; that those which fed on the second day after emergence lived longer than those which fed at other ages; and that the feeding period was slightly extended in the later experiments, though only a small proportion lived long enough to take their first blood meals on the fourth and fifth days.Rather more than 50 per cent. of each batch of newly emerged adults were females.A large proportion of the deaths of unfed males and females occurred during the first three days, most of them on the second day; this mortality decreased in successive experiments.Culex fatigans, Wied., behaved similarly.

scholarly journals Artificial feeding of Amblyomma cajennense (Acari: Ixodidae) fasting females through capillary tube technique

2008 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 128-132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isis Abel ◽  
Fabíola N. Corrêa ◽  
Abisair A. Castro ◽  
Nathalie C. Cunha ◽  
Renata C. Madureira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Capillary Tube ◽  
Artificial Feeding ◽  
Biological Parameters ◽  
Feeding Period ◽  
Bovine Blood ◽  
Amblyomma Cajennense ◽  
Capillary Tubes ◽  
Feeding Technique

The present study aimed to adjust the artificial feeding technique through capillaries and to verify its influence over the biology of Amblyomma cajennense females. Five groups of 20 female ticks were formed. Females were starved for 45 days and then fed with citrated bovine blood using capillary tubes in different periods of time. Females were divided in five experimental groups with 20 individuals each and fed as follows: groups uninterruptedly fed for 12, 24, and 48 hours and groups fed 2 and 6 h a day, for a period of 8 days. Subsequently, ticks were exposed to rabbits for complementary feeding and their biological parameters were analyzed. TIcks were capable of feeding, showing rounded idiosoma, visible even to naked eyes, following the feeding period. The groups fed for 24 hours, 2 hours/day for eight consecutive days or 6h/day for eight consecutive days presented greater weight gain, without statistically significant differences. These results suggested that 24 hours of artificial feeding were enough for fasting females to increase weight by 2.43 mg. Artificial feeding through capillaries did not interfere with parasitic and non-parasitic phases of A. cajennense females.

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