Effects of Capreomycin Disulfate and Oxamycin on Ruminal pH, Lactate and Volatile Fatty Acid Concentrations in Sheep Experiencing Induced Acidosis3

1977 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 393-401 ◽  
Author(s):  
David K. Beede ◽  
Stanley D. Farlin
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Ruminal Ph

scholarly journals PSIV-20 Evaluation of calf performance when cows grazing native rangeland are vaccinated for bovine viral diarrhea virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis using either a modified live or killed vaccine

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 410-410
Author(s):  
Luis A Lujan ◽  
Emily A Melchior ◽  
Shelby L Rosasco ◽  
Shanna L Lodge-Ivey ◽  
Richard L Dunlap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Viral Vaccine ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Abstract Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pathogen associated with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive diseases of cattle worldwide. Vaccination of cattle with antivirals have proven effective to reduce instances of BVDV. However, vaccination protocol adoption by producers and animal response to vaccination varies. The objective of this study was to determine if administration to the dam of a modified-live viral vaccine (MLV) or killed viral vaccine (KV) would impact the growth and rumen fermentation end products of the calf. The hypothesis for this study was that calves from dams vaccinated with MLV would have improved performance. Calves (n=20) born to dams that received either MLV or KV over the course of their lifetime, were housed on rangeland at the Corona Range and Livestock Research Center in Corona, NM. Cow ruminal contents were collected at birth. Both cow and calf ruminal contents were collected at 7, 35, 63, and 205 d of age. Cow body condition score did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05) (average KV = 4.3 + 0.8 and MLV = 4.3 + 0.8) at calving. Additionally, calf birth (P =0.66) weight and weaning weight (P > 0.05) did not differ between dam vaccine type. At days postpartum x vaccine type interaction was not observed for calf ruminal pH (P = 0.20) and volatile fatty acid concentrations (P > 0.28). However, calf ruminal pH increased with age (P < 0.0001). Butyrate concentrations were least at 7 days of age (P = 0.0069). Therefore, we reject our hypothesis; calves born from dams receiving MLV do not have improved performance when compared to KV counterparts. Results indicate birth weight, weaning weight, pre-weaned calves pH, and volatile fatty acid concentration, are not impacted by dam’s vaccination type. However, impacts on calf immunity have not been evaluated and require further research.

Impact of rumen emptying on rumen fermentation and animal welfare in cannulated sheep

2015 ◽  
Vol 55 (2) ◽  
pp. 213 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Silberberg ◽  
A. Boissy ◽  
M. Rira ◽  
E. Delval ◽  
H. Chandèze ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Experimental Technique ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Microbial Ecosystem ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Cardiac Responses ◽  
Rumen Ph ◽  
Ad Libitum

Emptying the rumen of animals fitted with rumen cannulas is a regularly used experimental technique. This study in sheep aimed to evaluate whether total rumen emptying (TRE) results in disturbances in digestive parameters such as rumen pH, fermentation and microbial ecosystem, and whether it affects animal welfare. Eight adult wethers from two breeds offered hay and water ad libitum were rumen-emptied manually. Ruminal parameters were assessed 2 days before and 7 days after TRE. Welfare was assessed by measuring behavioural and cardiac responses to TRE involving human handling. Behavioural and cardiac measurements were performed (i) 2 h before, (ii) during and (iii) 2 h after the rumen emptying–filling session on wethers exposed to the same TRE operator. Results showed that TRE did not affect most of the digestive parameters analysed (ruminal pH, bacteria, methanogens) but did modify Dasytricha population and volatile fatty acid concentrations. Likewise, rumen emptying did not alter most behavioural and cardiac parameters, and we found no TRE-related change in fear reactions to the operator.

scholarly journals Effects of a Salt Lick Containing Sodium Bicarbonate on Ruminal pH and Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration in Cattle

2014 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 844-849
Author(s):  
Toshihiro ICHIJO ◽  
Katsunori NAGAHAMA ◽  
Akira OHKUBO ◽  
Kentarou IKUTA ◽  
Keiji OKADA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sodium Bicarbonate ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid Concentration ◽  
Salt Lick

scholarly journals PSI-33 Evaluation of calf performance when cows grazing native rangeland are vaccinated for bovine viral diarrhea virus and infectious bovine rhinotracheitis using either a modified live or killed vaccine

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 473-474
Author(s):  
Luis A Lujan ◽  
Emily A Melchior ◽  
Shelby L Rosasco ◽  
Richard L Dunlap ◽  
Shad H Cox ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acid ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Diarrhea Virus ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Vaccine Type ◽  
Viral Vaccine ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Viral Diarrhea Virus

Abstract Bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV) is a pathogen associated with gastrointestinal, respiratory, and reproductive diseases of cattle worldwide. Vaccination of cattle with antivirals have proven effective to reduce instances of BVDV. However, vaccination protocol adoption by producers and animal response to vaccination varies. The objective of this study was to determine if administration to the dam of a modified-live viral vaccine (MLV) or killed viral vaccine (KV) would impact the growth and rumen fermentation end products of the calf. The hypothesis for this study was that calves from dams vaccinated with MLV would have improved performance. Calves (n = 20) born to dams that received either MLV or KV over the course of their lifetime, were housed on rangeland at the Corona Range and Livestock Research Center in Corona, NM. Cow ruminal contents were collected at birth. Both cow and calf ruminal contents were collected at 7, 35, 63, and 205 d of age. Cow body condition score did not differ between treatments (P > 0.05) (average KV = 4.3 + 0.8 and MLV = 4.3 + 0.8) at calving. Additionally, calf birth (P =0.66) weight and weaning weight (P > 0.05) did not differ between dam vaccine type. At days postpartum x vaccine type interaction was not observed for calf ruminal pH (P = 0.20) and volatile fatty acid concentrations (P > 0.28). However, calf ruminal pH increased with age (P < 0.0001). Butyrate concentrations were least at 7 days of age (P = 0.0069). Therefore, we reject our hypothesis; calves born from dams receiving MLV do not have improved performance when compared to KV counterparts. Results indicate birth weight, weaning weight, pre-weaned calves pH, and volatile fatty acid concentration, are not impacted by dam’s vaccination type; however, impacts on calf immunity have not been evaluated and require further research.

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