Microperimetry in the diagnosis of early stages glaucoma

2021 ◽  
pp. 170-176
Author(s):  
I.A. Kazennova ◽  
◽  
A.D. Chuprov ◽  
A.E. Voronina ◽  
A.N. Kazennov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Macular Area ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Key Words Glaucoma

Purpose. To increase the efficiency of diagnostics of glaucomatous process in the early stages using microperimetry. Materials and methods. We examined 15 patients (30 eyes) aged 43-71 years (average age 62 years) with the initial stage of POAG, the duration of the disease was 8-36 months. The control group consisted of 10 patients (20 eyes), somatically healthy individuals without concomitant ophthalmopathology. In addition to standard research methods, the following were additionally carried out: optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the optic nerve disk, macular OCT for analyzing the thickness of the ganglion cell complex, angio-OCT of the optic disc and macula, and microperimetry. Results. When conducting microperimetric studies, a decrease in the average threshold photosensitivity AvThr (20 (4.8-23.3)) and the index of macular preservation MI (23 (2.8-26.8)) in patients with POAG was found in comparison with the control group. During OCT of the optic disc and macula, no changes were recorded in both groups, and there was no decrease in peripapillary perfusion during angio-OCT of the optic disc. However, in patients with POAG, during angio-OCT in the macular area, attention is drawn to some of its expansion and deformation, which confirms the fact that the macular area is involved in the glaucomatous process, which affects the photosensitivity of the cells of the central retinal area. Conclusion. Thus, the decrease in the average threshold of sensitivity in patients with POAG revealed by microperimetry makes it possible to detect glaucoma in the early stages, as well as to assess the dynamics of the glaucomatous process, which in its turn increases the effectiveness of treatment of patients. Key words: glaucoma, glaucomatous process progression, computer perimetry, microperimetry, optic nerve atrophy.

scholarly journals Comparison of Optic Disc Morphology of Optic Nerve Atrophy between Compressive Optic Neuropathy and Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy

PLoS ONE ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e112403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Masayuki Hata ◽  
Kazuaki Miyamoto ◽  
Akio Oishi ◽  
Yukiko Makiyama ◽  
Norimoto Gotoh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Glaucomatous Optic Neuropathy ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Compressive Optic Neuropathy

Optic disc morphometry in simple optic nerve atrophy

2009 ◽  
Vol 67 (2) ◽  
pp. 199-203 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jost B. Jonas ◽  
Nhung X. Nguyen ◽  
Gottfried O. H. Naumann
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Optic Disc Morphometry

scholarly journals New options for the diagnosis of normal tension glaucoma in the light of Professor V.V. Volkov’s concept of its pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 5-15
Author(s):  
Irina L. Simakova ◽  
Alfina R. Suleimanova ◽  
Natalya P. Baimuratova
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Frequency Doubling ◽  
Normal Tension Glaucoma ◽  
Lamina Cribrosa ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Frequency Doubling Technology

PURPOSE:To measure lamina cribrosa thickness (LCT) and lamina cribrosa depth (LCD), optic nerve subarachnoid space width (ONSASW) in patients with normal tension glaucoma and in healthy individuals and to compare these data with the results of our own pilot study. MATERIALS AND METHODS:The 1st group included 13 patients (22 eyes) with normal tension glaucoma aged 39 to 88 years (59.8 10.9 years). The 2nd (control) group included 10 healthy people (20 eyes) aged 40 to 59 years (47.9 5.5 years). All subjects underwent structural and functional assessment of the optic nerve head using optical coherent tomograph (OCT) RTVue-100 (Optovue, USA), Humphrey perimeter (HFA II 745i, Germany-USA), and our own modification of Frequency Doubling Technology perimetry. LCT and LCD were measured by OCT RS-3000 Advance (Nidek, Japan). To measure ONSASW we used a cross-sectional image of the optic nerve taken with Magnetic Resonance Imaging (GE Optima MR450w MRI, USA). RESULTS:Differences in the 1st and 2nd groups between the mean values of LCT (234.14 27.73 and 336.25 21.0 m, respectively;p= 0.0000), LCD (461.8 101.7 and 361.65 58.2 m, respectively;p= 0.0004) and ONSASW (1.371 0.035 and 1.52 0.133 mm, respectively;p= 0.011) were statistically significant. CONCLUSION:Patients with normal tension glaucoma had significantly higher LCD value with significantly lower LCT and ONSASW values compared to healthy individuals, which is comparable with the results of our pilot study, and confirms the importance of these morphometric criteria in normal tension glaucoma diagnosis verification.

scholarly journals Effect of Tafluprost and Tafloprost/Timolol on the Optic Nerve Head, Peripapillary and Macular Microcirculation According to OCT-Angiography

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 207-213
Author(s):  
N. I. Kurysheva ◽  
D. D. Arzhukhanov ◽  
A. M. Tkhamadokova
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Ocular Blood Flow ◽  
Oct Angiography ◽  
Reference Level ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Receive Treatment

Relevance. The ability of antiglaucoma drugs to improve ocular hemoperfusion is an important aspect of their action. Tafluprost is the first prostaglandin analogue (PA) containing no preservatives.  The efficacy and safety of tafluprost, as well as tafluprost/timolol  fixed combination (FC), was demonstrated in randomized multicenter  trials. However, there is no literature on the effect of  tafluprost and it’s FC on peripapillary and macular blood flow.Purpose. to assess the effect of tafluprost and tafloprost/timolol on the microcirculation in the optic nerve head, peripapillary area and  macula in patients with primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG)  according to OCT angiography (OCT-A).Patients and methods. OCT-A was performed in dynamics with an interval of a week in 36 patients (36 eyes) with a newly diagnosed  initial stage of POAG, 12 received tafluprost, 12 — tafluprost/timolol  FCs, 12 eyes represented control group (no drugs were prescribed).  The change in IOP, mean perfusion pressure (PP) of the eye, and  vessel density (VD) inside the optic nerve head (ONH) (inside disc),  as well as in the peripapillary retina and macula were evaluated by  comparing paired repeated observations using the median growth analysis.Results. In the tafluprost group there was a decrease in IOP by 19.4 % and an increase in PP by 8.7 % from the reference level. In the  tafluprost/timolol group, these figures were 43 % and 30.1 %,  respectively. OCT-A values did not change reliably, except for VD  inside Disc: in the tafluprost group, the median growth was –2.28 (p = 0.02), for the tafluprost/ timolol group — –1.82 (p = 0.03). These  changes were obtained in 11 patients of 12 in each group under  treatment. In patients who did not receive treatment, all indicators  remained unchanged.Conclusions. The results of this study showed a decrease in the density of the microcirculatory bed in the ONH in patients with initial  glaucoma against the background of the tafluprost and  tafluprost/timolol treatment, which can be explained by the  restoration of autoregulation of the ocular blood flow in conditions of  pronounced hypotensive drugs effect.

scholarly journals Assessment of the optic nerve, optic disc, and perineural area using shear-wave elastography in patients with multiple sclerosis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suna Sahin Ediz ◽  
Basak Atalay ◽  
Ilknur Aydın Canturk ◽  
Adnan Kabaalioglu
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Neuritis ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Shear Wave ◽  
Shear Wave Elastography ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Optic Nerves ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: To observe and describe the stiffness changes of the optic nerve in the patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) with or without optic neuritis and healthy adults via shear wave elastography (SWE). Methods: Seventy optic nerves from thirty-five patients with MS and sixty optic nerves from thirty healthy subjects were included prospectively in the study. The optic nerve (ON), optic disc (OD), and perineural area were evaluated with SWE and optic nerve sheat diameter (ONSD) was measured by ultrasound. Results The mean age of patients was 39.68 ± 9.99 years. There was no statistically significant difference between the groups in terms of ONSD, SWE ON, SWE OD, and SWE perineural area levels (p> 0.05). In the MS group; No statistically significant difference was found between patients with and without optic neuritis for the mean age, gender distribution, duration of MS, types of MS, ONSD, SWE ON, SWE OD, SWE perineural area, and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores (p> 0.05). No statistically significant difference in terms of ONSD, SWE ON, SWE OD, and SWE perineural area between the MS patients with or without optic neuritis and the control group (p> 0.05). Conclusion: Shear wave elastography measurements of the optic nerve, optic disc, and perineural area do not contribute to the evaluation of optic neuritis in a patient with MS.

Effect of smoking on the macula and optic nerve integrity using optical coherence tomography angiography

2021 ◽  
pp. 112067212199296
Author(s):  
Safaa Awad-Allah Aboud ◽  
Layla Mohamed Hammouda ◽  
Mohamed Yasser Said Saif ◽  
Samar Said Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Outer Retina ◽  
Flow Area ◽  
Chronic Smoking

Objective: To investigate the effect of chronic smoking on the macula and optic nerve integrity using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA). Methods: This prospective, comparative study involved the right eyes of 160 healthy subjects (80 smokers group, and 80 control group). OCTA scanning was performed for all subjects. All macular subfields thickness, peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness, macular ganglion cell complex (GCC) thickness, superficial and deep macular vessel density, foveal avascular zone (FAZ) area, and the macular outer retina flow area, were measured and analyzed. Results: The thickness of some macular subfields, inferior GCC, and RNFL was statistically significantly lower in the smokers’ group ( p  < 0.05). The FAZ area was 0.409  ± 0.048 mm2 in the smokers' group and 0.327  ± 0.055 mm2 in the control group ( p  < 0.001). The superficial foveal VD was 31.35  ± 5.79% in the smokers’ group and 33.63  ± 4.78% in the control group ( p  = 0.06). The deep foveal VD was 39.38  ± 4.56% in the smokers’ group and 34.15  ± 6.57% in the control group ( p  ≤ 0.001). The superficial and deep parafoveal VD was 52.09  ± 4.56% and 59.99  ± 2.25% respectively in the smokers’ group, and 54.75  ± 2.30% and 55.58  ± 4.69% respectively in the control group ( p  < 0.05). The macular outer retina flow area was 1.29  ± 0.12 mm2 in the smokers’ group and 1.16  ± 0.11 mm2 in the control group ( p  < 0.001). Conclusion: Chronic smoking affected the integrity of the macula and optic nerve. It decreased the macular VD, enlarged the FAZ, and increased outer retinal flow area.

scholarly journals Comparison of Structural Defects between Optic Disc and Ganglion Cell Complex in Patients with Glaucoma

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
Ilias Georgalas ◽  
Sergios Taliantzis ◽  
Maria Kazaki ◽  
Eva Papaconstantinou ◽  
Elina Panagiotopoulou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Ganglion Cell ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optic Nerve Head ◽  
Cell Complex ◽  
The Other ◽  
Optic Disk ◽  
Structural Defects ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Glaucomatous Damage

Purpose: To evaluate the agreement of glaucomatous structural defects of the ganglion cell complex (GCC) detected with the spectral domain optical coherence tomography (sdOCT) with the optic nerve head alterations detected with the Heidelberg retina tomography (HRT), of glaucoma patients with ocular hypertension or open angle glaucoma. Material and Methods: Ninety patients eyes with structural glaucomatous defects were enrolled. All of them underwent imaging examination of GCC with sdOCT and the optic disk with HRT. The Cohen's kappa coefficient of agreement was used. Results: The agreement between the optic disc and GCC using the parameters of the programs analysis of the HRT, the moorfields regression analysis (MRA) and glaucoma probability score (GPS) was not significant. Instead between MRA and GPS a good agreement was calculated. Significant agreements were found between MRA and GPS on one hand and GCC on the other, considering location and length of the glaucomatous damage, while non significant agreements were found between GPS and GCC for the location and the length of the glaucomatous structural defect. Conclusions: There is no significance (Please explain further if you are referring to significance in terms of the difference, similarity or agreement) between HRT and sdOCT for the detection of the glaucomatous damage between the optic nerve head and the ganglion cell complex. Instead MRA and GCC detect comparable areas and lengths of the glaucomatous damage. On the other hand GPS records larger deficits relative to MRA and has not a significant agreement with the study of GCC.

scholarly journals Cellular and humoral apoptosis markers in acute coronary syndrome combined with essential hypertension

2008 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-335 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. V. Vasina
Keyword(s):  
Myocardial Infarction ◽  
Acute Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Unstable Angina ◽  
Mononuclear Cells ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Annexin A5 ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Coronary Syndrome ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Apoptosis Markers

The aim of this work was to examine the contents of annexin A5, sApo-1/Fas and sBcl-2 and the number of circulating mononuclear cells in apoptosis in order to clarify their role in the pathogenesis of acute coronary syndrome (ACS) combined with arterial hypertension (AH). We examined 83 patients with ACS (47 patients with unstable angina and 36 with myocardial infarction) and 14 healthy individuals. AH has been identified in 15 patients with unstable angina and in 17 with myocardial infarction. The number of viable mononuclear cells was significantly decreased and the number of mononuclear cells at the early stages of apoptosis (annexin A5-positive) was significantly increased as compared to control group in patients with the ACS, especially if combined with AH. At the same time there was a significant increase of sBcl-2 and sApo-1/Fas and annexin A5 in blood of the patients with myocardial infarction compared to patients with unstable angina, especially if combined with AH. The association between the level of sAro-1/Fas, annexin A5 and the number of circulating mononuclear cells at the early stages of apoptosis was shown in the study. Thus, in ACS, especially if combined with AH, enhanced cell apoptosis resulting from hemodynamic abnormal changes leads to activation of antiapoptotic mechanisms aimed at the decrease of the thrombophilia severity by reducing thrombogenic features of endotheliocytes subjected to apoptosis.

Note on Optic Nerve Atrophy preceding the Mental Symptoms of General Paralysis of the Insane

1889 ◽  
Vol 35 (151) ◽  
pp. 389-391 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Wiglesworth
Keyword(s):  
Optic Nerve ◽  
Optic Disc ◽  
Optic Atrophy ◽  
Optic Nerve Atrophy ◽  
Normal Appearance ◽  
General Paralysis ◽  
Mental Symptoms ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Optic Discs ◽  
Fundus Oculi

In a communication on the subject of the condition of the fundus oculi in insane individuals,* undertaken in conjunction with my friend Mr. Bickerton, we described the optic disc changes met with in a series of 66 cases of general paralysis. We showed that whilst in the majority of cases of this disease the fundus oculi presented a normal appearance, in a considerable minority changes in the direction of neuritis or atrophy were to be found, and that whilst optic atrophy was noted as a sequel of neuritis, it was also not unfrequently primary at the disc. In all the cases observed by us, however, the changes in the optic discs had developed after the mental symptoms had become apparent, although we quoted from Nettleship† a case in which optic nerve atrophy preceded the symptoms of this disease. Such cases as this latter are, in my experience, decidedly rare, and hence the following appears worthy of being placed on record:—

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