scholarly journals Изучение противовоспалительной активности экстракта змееголовника молдавского

Author(s):  
E.N. Kurmanova ◽  
E.V. Ferubko ◽  
L.B. Strelkova ◽  
R.K. Kurmanov ◽  
O.P. Sheichenko

Змееголовник молдавский (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) в народной медицине используется в качестве противовоспалительного, ранозаживляющего, отхаркивающего и седативного средства. В ФГБНУ ВИЛАР разработан змееголовника молдавского травы экстракт сухой под условным названием «Люкатил» (сумма фенольных соединений 64,12% в пересчёте на цинарозид). Цель работы - изучение острой токсичности и противовоспалительной активности экстракта змееголовника для разработки на его основе лекарственного препарата. Методика. Проведено определение параметров острой токсичности и противовоспалительной активности экстракта. При изучении острой токсичности экстракта по методу Кербера использованы белые нелинейные мыши-самцы в количестве 30 особей. «Люкатил» вводили животным внутрижелудочно в дозах 500, 1000, 1500 и 2000 мг/кг. Для выявления противовоспалительной активности экстракта змееголовника молдавского использована in vitro ферментная биотест-система на основе индуцибельной NO-синтазы. Для выявления противовоспалительной активности экстракта in vivo использованы нелинейные мыши-самцы. Оценку влияния экстракта в дозе 200 мг/кг на экссудативную стадию воспаления проводили на модели 1% формалинового отёка. В качества препарата сравнения использовали индометацин (5 мг/кг). Формалиновый отёк вызывали однократным субплантарным введением под апоневроз задней правой лапки мыши 0,05 мл 1% формалина в качестве флогогенного агента. Величину отёка определяли по разнице в массе лапок контрольных и опытных животных и рассчитывали процент снижения степени отёка. Результаты. При однократном введении экстракт «Люкатил» не приводил к гибели животных, изменения внешнего вида и поведенческих реакций мышей не наблюдалось. В соответствии с классификацией токсичности химических веществ по ГОСТ 12.1.007-76 «Люкатил» является малотоксичным веществом. In vitro установлена высокая противовоспалительная активность экстракта, при этом остаточная активность iNOS снижалась до 25%. Экстракт в дозе 200 мг/кг in vivo обладал статистически значимым противовоспалительным эффектом. Он подавлял развитие экссудативной фазы воспаления на 33,7%, по сравнению с контрольной группой животных, уступая противовоспалительному эффекту индометацина. Заключение. Змееголовника молдавского травы экстракт сухой под условным названием «Люкатил» является малотоксичным веществом, обладает выраженным противовоспалительным эффектом в опытах in vitro, in vivo и является перспективным объектом для дальнейшего фармакологического изучения в качестве противовоспалительного лекарственного средства.Moldavian dragonhead (Dracocephalum moldavica L.) is used in traditional medicine as an anti-inflammatory, wound-healing, expectorant, and sedative means. In our Institute, a Moldavian dragonhead herb dry extract (total phenolic content, 64.12% in cynaroside equivalent) was developed and conventionally named Lyukatil. Objective. To study acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the dragonhead extract for developing a drug based on this extract. Method. Parameters of acute toxicity and anti-inflammatory activity of the extract were assessed. The study of acute toxicity of the extract was performed using the Kerber method on male white mongrel mice (n=30). Lyukatil was administered to the animals intragastrically at doses of 500 mg/kg, 1000 mg/kg, 1500 mg/kg, and 2000 mg/kg. Anti-inflammatory activity of the Moldavian dragonhead extract was determined in vitro using an enzyme Biotest system based on inducible NO synthase. Mongrel male mice were used to study the anti-inflammatory activity of the extract in vivo. The effect of the extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg on the exudative phase of inflammation was evaluated on a model of 1% formalin-induced edema. Indomethacin 5 mg/kg was used as a reference drug. Formalin edema was induced by a single subplantar injection of 0.05 ml of 1% formalin as a phlogogenic agent under the aponeurosis of the right hind leg. The degree of edema was determined by the difference in leg weights in control and experimental animals; then the decrease in edema was calculated in per cent. Results. A single administration of the extract Lyukatil did not cause death of animals, changes in the appearance or in behavioral responses, shortness of breath, or drowsiness. In accordance with the toxicity classification for chemical substances as per GOST Standard 12.1.007-76, Lyukatil is a low-toxic substance. The extract at a dose of 200 mg/kg exerted a significant anti-inflammatory effect as shown by suppression of the exudative phase of formalin-induced inflammation by 33.7% compared to the control group. However, this effect was inferior to the anti-inflammatory effect of indomethacin. Conclusions. The Moldavian dragonhead herb dry extract under the conventional name of Lyukatil is a low-toxic substance that has a significant anti-inflammatory effect both in vitro and in vivo and is a promising target for further pharmacological studies as an anti-inflammatory drug.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reinier Gesto-Borroto ◽  
Gabriela Meneses ◽  
Alejandro Espinosa-Cerón ◽  
Guillermo Granados ◽  
Jacquelynne Cervantes-Torres ◽  
...  

Abstract The genus Galphimia is widely distributed in Mexico, and is represented by 22 species, including medicinal species. The sedative and anti-inflammatory effects of galphimines produced by the species Galphimia glauca have been documented. Formerly, molecular studies using DNA barcodes demonstrated that nine populations botanically classified as Galphimia glauca belong to four different species of the genus Galphimia, and that only one exhibited the sedative properties; however, all the collected species showed anti-inflammatory activity. Other bioactive compounds like quercetin, galphins, galphimidins and glaucacetalins have been identified from methanolic extracts of plants botanically classified as Galphimia glauca. The aim of this work was to determine the anti-inflammatory activity of methanolic extracts of nine collected Galphimia spp. populations grown in Mexico. The possible modes of action were analyzed by evaluating the inhibition of LPS-induced inflammation processes both in vitro and in vivo. The nine populations were evaluated by an in vitro model using RAW 264.7 murine macrophage cells, and two populations (a galphimine-producing and a non-galphimine-producing population) were selected for the in vivo experiments of systemic inflammation and neuroinflammation in mice. Results suggest that an anti-inflammatory in vitro effect was present in all the studied populations, evidenced by the inhibition of nitrite production. An inhibitory systemic inflammation in mice was exerted by the two analyzed populations. In the neuroinflammation model, the anti-inflammatory effect was demonstrated in methanolic extract of the non-galphimine-producing population. For the populations of Galphimia spp. studied herein, the anti-inflammatory effect could not be correlated to the presence of galphimines.


2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (10) ◽  
pp. 1934578X2110559
Author(s):  
Le Minh Ha ◽  
Ngo Thi Phuong ◽  
Nguyen Thi Thu Hien ◽  
Pham Thi Tam ◽  
Do Thi Thao ◽  
...  

In this study, we aimed at evaluating in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of various extracts of the rhizomes of Globba pendula Roxb. Three extracts ( n-hexane, ethyl acetate, and water) were screened for their inhibitory effect on NO production by lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. The ethyl acetate extract of G. pendula rhizomes (EGP) showed a potential effect with an IC50 value of 32.45 µg/mL. For in vivo study, the ethyl acetate extract was further investigated for its anti-inflammatory effect using collagen antibody-induced arthritic mice (CAIA). The level of arthritis in experimental mice significantly reduced ( P < .05) after treatment with EGP at a dose of 500 mg/kg body weight (b.w.). This study also revealed that EGP is orally non-toxic. Ethyl p-methoxy cinamate was identified as the main constituent of EGP, which may result in its anti-inflammatory effect.


Author(s):  
Tatyana S. Khlebnicova ◽  
Yuri A. Piven ◽  
Fedor A. Lakhvich ◽  
Iryna V. Sorokina ◽  
Tatiana S. Frolova ◽  
...  

Background: Prevention and treatment of chronic inflammatory diseases require effective and low-toxic medicines. Molecular hybridization is an effective strategy to enhance the biological activity of new compounds. Triterpenoid scaffolds are in the focus of attention owing to their anti-inflammatory, antiviral, antiproliferative, and immunomodulatory activities. Heteroprostanoids have different pleiotropic effects in acute and chronic inflammatory processes. Objective: The study aimed to develop structurally new and low toxic anti-inflammatory agents via hybridization of betulinic acid with azaprostanoic acids. Methods: A series of betulinic acid-azaprostanoid hybrids was synthesized. The synthetic pathway included the transformation of betulin via Jones' oxidation into betulonic acid, reductive amination of the latter and coupling obtained by 3β-amino-3-deoxybetulinic acid with the 7- or 13-azaprostanoic acids and their homo analogues. The hybrids 1-9 were investigated in vivo on histamine-, formalin- and concanavalin A-induced mouse paw edema models and two models of pain - the acetic acid-induced abdominal writhing and the hotplate test. The hybrids were in vitro evaluated for cytotoxic activity on cancer (MCF7, U- 87 MG) and non-cancer humane cell lines. Results: In the immunogenic inflammation model, the substances showed a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect, which was comparable to that of indomethacin. In the models of the exudative inflammation, none of the compounds displayed a statistically significant effect. The hybrids produced weak or moderate analgesic effects. All the agents revealed low cytotoxicity on human immortalized fibroblasts and cancer cell lines compared with 3β- amino-3-deoxybetulinic acid and doxorubicin. Conclusion: The results indicate that the principal anti-inflammatory effect of hybrids is substantially provided with the triterpenoid scaffold and in some cases with the azaprostanoid scaffold, but the latter makes a significant contribution to reducing the toxicity of hybrids. Hybrid 1 is of interest as a potent low toxic agent against immune-mediated inflammation.


Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 741 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiwon Jang ◽  
Jong Sub Lee ◽  
Young-Jin Jang ◽  
Eui Su Choung ◽  
Wan Yi Li ◽  
...  

Inflammation is a fundamental process for defending against foreign antigens that involves various transcriptional regulatory processes as well as molecular signaling pathways. Despite its protective roles in the human body, the activation of inflammation may also convey various diseases including autoimmune disease and cancer. Sorbaria kirilowii is a plant originating from Asia, with no anti-inflammatory activity reported. In this paper, we discovered an anti-inflammatory effect of S. kirilowii ethanol extract (Sk-EE) both in vivo and in vitro. In vitro effects of Sk-EE were determined with lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells, while ex vivo analysis was performed using peritoneal macrophages of thioglycollate (TG)-induced mice. Sk-EE significantly reduced the nitric oxide (NO) production of induced macrophages and inhibited the expression of inflammation-related cytokines and the activation of transcription factors. Moreover, treatment with Sk-EE also decreased the activation of proteins involved in nuclear factor (NF)-κB signaling cascade; among them, Src was a prime target of Sk-EE. For in vivo assessment of the anti-inflammatory effect of Sk-EE, HCl/EtOH was given by the oral route to mice for gastritis induction. Sk-EE injection dose-dependently reduced the inflammatory lesion area of the stomach in gastritis-induced mice. Taking these results together, Sk-EE exerts its anti-inflammatory activity by regulating intracellular NF-κB signaling pathways and also shows an authentic effect on reducing gastric inflammation.


2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Gong ◽  
Yingru Zheng ◽  
Fan Chao ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Zhizhen Xu ◽  
...  

HMGB1, composed of the A box, B box, and C tail domains, is a critical proinflammatory cytokine involved in diverse inflammatory diseases. The B box mediates proinflammatory activity, while the A box alone acts as a specific antagonist of HMGB1. The C tail contributes to the spatial structure of A box and regulates HMGB1 DNA binding specificity. It is unknown whether the C tail can enhance the anti-inflammatory effect of A box. In this study, we generated fusion proteins consisting of the A box and C tail, in which the B box was deleted and the A box and C tail were linked either directly or by the flexible linker sequence(Gly4Ser)3. In vitro and in vivo experiments showed that the two fusion proteins had a higher anti-inflammatory activity compared to the A box alone. This suggests that the fused C tail enhances the anti-inflammatory effect of the A box.


Author(s):  
Marcos Reynoso ◽  
María E. Balderrama Coca ◽  
Ivana Y. Brodkiewicz, ◽  
Gloria Jaime, ◽  
Marina Perotti ◽  
...  

The chemical machinery of vegetables offers a great diversity of biological properties and plays a fundamental role in the field of pharmacology. The search for new drugs with fewer adverse effects represents a challenge for researchers. The objective of the present work was to carry out to investigate the medicinal properties and safety of extracts and essential oil from aerial parts of Clinopodium gilliesii (muña muña) and evaluate their antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities in vivo. The extractions were carried out serially, using 96º alcohol (EE) and boiled distilled water (AE). The essential oil (EO) was obtained by steam dragging. The AE in vivo anti-inflammatory activity was determined by carrageenan induced plantar edema (acute inflammation) and granuloma formation by cotton disc (chronic inflammation) at oral doses of 250 and 500 mg/kg while that of the EO was established topically at doses of 50, 100μl/kg. In-vitro antioxidant activity was evaluated by DPPH depuration and inhibition of lipid peroxidation (β-carotene-linoleic acid method). Chemical study of the extracts was carried out by means of phytochemical screening and the essential oil was analyzed by GC-MS chromatography. The safety was evaluated with test of acute toxicity (48 h) and acute dermal toxicity (14 days). The results revealed that EE and EO had a significant acute and chronic anti-inflammatory activity, compared with positive patterns. EE (500 mg/kg), EO (100μl/kg), ibuprofen (100 mg/kg) and meprednisone (5 mg/kg) significantly reduced the weight of the exudate and cotton disc granuloma (24.17, 35.30, 45.56 and 57.17% respectively). The alcoholic and aqueous extracts presented important antioxidant activities with values higher than 90% (from 400μg/ml) in both methods and similar to the positive patterns (BHT and quercetin). The chromatographic profile of volatile oil compounds showed a great richness in terpene substances, pulegone, menthone and neomenthol, being its major constituents. The hydroalcoholic extracts revealed the presence of reducing compounds, polysaccharides, tannins, triterpenes, sterols and coumarins as major phytoconstituents. In the acute toxicity study, a single dose of 4000 and 8000 mg/kg b.w., produced no mortality and no clinical signs of disease were observed after 48 h. The essential oil at a single dose of 2000 and 5000 mg/kg of body weight did not produce treatment-related signs of toxicity or mortality in all rats tested during the 14 day observation period. These findings are encouraging to continue studies for the validation of popular use and development of a phytopharmaceutical with medicinal utility.


2010 ◽  
Vol 30 (7) ◽  
pp. 693-700 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. da Silva ◽  
M. Taniça ◽  
J. Rocha ◽  
R. Serrano ◽  
ET Gomes ◽  
...  

Maytenus heterophylla (Eckl & Zeyh.) Robson and Maytenus senegalensis (Lam). Exell are two African medicinal plants used to treat painful and inflammatory diseases. We evaluated the in vivo (per os) anti-inflammatory activity of M. heterophylla leaf, stem and root extracts and of M. senegalensis leaf and stem extracts. Additionally, we assessed their in vivo acute and sub-acute toxicities. Anti-inflammatory activities of ethanol extracts were determined in Wistar albino rats, by the carrageenan-induced paw oedema method. Acute and sub-acute toxicity screening of the extracts was evaluated in adult male CD-6 mice. Leaf extracts of M. heterophylla and M. senegalensis exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity (120 mg/kg, per os), reducing oedema by 51% and 35%, respectively. While M. heterophylla extracts at 1200 mg/kg have shown to be non-toxic, M. senegalensis extracts indicated some toxicity. Our results show a significant anti-inflammatory effect of both M. heterophylla and M. senegalensis leaf extracts in a local model of acute inflammation and suggest the absence of acute and sub-acute toxicity signs of the M. heterophylla leaf extract (but not of M. senegalensis). Ongoing studies will surely shed some light into the mechanism of action of this active extract and establish its chemical fingerprint.


Author(s):  
Sitaram Ahalya ◽  
B. A. Venkatesh ◽  
R. Vijayasarathi ◽  
Tirumalapura Vijayanna Shalini

Background: Topical application of herbs is one of the recommended treatment modalities for Osteoarthritis (OA) in Ayurveda (Indian system of medicine). The current study intended to evaluate the anti-inflammatory effect of a polyherbal powder used as Upanaha (poultice) for OA by in vitro and in vivo techniques. Materials and Methods: The polyherbal formulation Upanaha Choornam (UC) was sourced from Vaidyaratnam Oushadhasala (P) Ltd., Thrissur, India. Changes in the secretion of TNF-α and NO and expression of Cox-2 genes were evaluated by semi quantitative PCR activity to establish anti-inflammatory action in vitro. Macrophages and connective tissue of mice were used as media for the former two experiments and only macrophages for the latter. In vivo anti–inflammatory activity was evaluated by TPA induced ear oedema in Swiss Albino mice (n=24), divided into 4 groups as Group I - saline treatment, Group II - Indomethacin treatment, and Groups III and IV treated with 30% and 60% of UC respectively. Results: In the in vitro study, UC at 1000 µg/ml and 500 µg/ml upregulated the COX-2 level by 0.08 and 0.03 folds respectively as compared to control. Release of TNF-α, and NO in LPS-induced RAW cells were significantly inhibited in a dose dependent manner. The TPA induced ear oedema significantly reduced in Groups III and IV (F=1250, p less than 0.001) Conclusion: The current study demonstrates the safety and anti-inflammatory activity of a polyherbal formulation Upanaha Choornam as a topical application. This indicates the potential of select herbs in managing degenerative conditions like OA.


2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
Graziele P. Ramos ◽  
Miriam A. Apel ◽  
Cláudia B. de Morais ◽  
Paula C. Ceolato ◽  
Elfrides E. S. Schapoval ◽  
...  

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