Influence of male and female smoking habits on outcome of artificial insemination: results from a prospective cohort study

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
sigrid huyghe
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Effects of alcohol consumption and smoking on risk for RA: results from a Swedish prospective cohort study

RMD Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. e001379
Author(s):  
Louise Hedenstierna ◽  
Rino Bellocco ◽  
Weimin Ye ◽  
Hans-Olov Adami ◽  
Torbjörn Åkerstedt ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Cox Proportional Hazards ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
P Value ◽  
Inverse Association ◽  
Incident Cases

ObjectiveSeveral, but not all studies, have shown a dose-dependent inverse association with alcohol consumption and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), whereas smoking is an established risk factor for RA. We aimed to study the association between alcohol consumption and RA incidence and investigate a potential interaction between alcohol and smoking habits, regarding RA incidence.MethodsWe used a prospective cohort study, based on 41 068 participants with detailed assessment of alcohol intake, smoking and potential confounders at baseline in 1997. We ascertained a total of 577 incident cases of RA during a mean of 17.7 years of follow-up through linkage to nationwide and essentially complete databases. Multivariate Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate HR with 95% CI. Interaction on the additive scale between alcohol and smoking was estimated by calculating the attributable proportion due to interaction (AP).ResultsOverall, alcohol consumption was associated with a 30% reduced incidence of RA (HR 0.69, 95% CI 0.55 to 0.86) with a dose–response relationship (p value for trend <0.001) which remained significant after stratification by age and smoking habits. The positive association between smoking and RA incidence was reduced with increasing alcohol consumption (p value for trend <0.001). A synergistic effect was observed between alcohol and smoking (AP 0.40, 95% CI 0.15 to 0.64), indicating that 40% of the cases among the double exposed are due to the interaction per se.ConclusionsOur findings suggest an inverse association between alcohol consumption and RA incidence, and a synergistic effect between alcohol and smoking.

scholarly journals EXAMINING DIFFERENCES IN RECOVERY OUTCOMES BETWEEN MALE AND FEMALE HIP FRACTURE PATIENTS: DESIGN AND BASELINE RESULTS OF A PROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY FROM THE BALTIMORE HIP STUDIES

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
D. ORWIG ◽  
M.C. HOCHBERG ◽  
A.L. GRUBER-BALDINI ◽  
B. RESNICK ◽  
R.R. MILLER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hip Fracture ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Functional Performance ◽  
Cognitive Testing ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
One Year

Background: Incidence of hip fractures in men is expected to increase, yet little is known about consequences of hip fracture in men compared to women. It is important to investigate differences at time of fracture using the newest technologies and methodology regarding metabolic, physiologic, neuromuscular, functional, and clinical outcomes, with attention to design issues for recruiting frail older adults across numerous settings. Objectives: To determine whether at least moderately-sized sex differences exist across several key outcomes after a hip fracture. Design, Setting, & Participants: This prospective cohort study (Baltimore Hip Studies 7th cohort [BHS-7]) was designed to include equal numbers of male and female hip fracture patients to assess sex differences across various outcomes post-hip fracture. Participants were recruited from eight hospitals in the Baltimore metropolitan area within 15 days of admission and were assessed at baseline, 2, 6 and 12 months post-admission. Measurements: Assessments included questionnaire, functional performance evaluation, cognitive testing, measures of body composition, and phlebotomy. Results: Of 1709 hip fracture patients screened from May 2006 through June 2011, 917 (54%) were eligible and 39% (n=362) provided informed consent. The final analytic sample was 339 (168 men and 171 women). At time of fracture, men were sicker (mean Charlson score= 2.4 vs. 1.6; p<0.001) and had worse cognition (3MS score= 82.3 vs. 86.2; p<0.05), and prior to fracture were less likely to be on bisphosphonates (8% vs. 39%; p<0.001) and less physically active (2426 kilocalories/week vs. 3625; p<0.001). Conclusions: This paper provides the study design and methodology for recruiting and assessing hip fracture patients and evidence of baseline and pre-injury sex differences which may affect eventual recovery one year later.

scholarly journals Hand-to-genital and genital-to-genital transmission of human papillomaviruses between male and female sexual partners (HITCH): a prospective cohort study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 317-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
Talía Malagón ◽  
Karolina Louvanto ◽  
Michel Wissing ◽  
Ann N Burchell ◽  
Pierre-Paul Tellier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Sexual Partners ◽  
Human Papillomaviruses ◽  
Male And Female

scholarly journals Predictors of CRC Stage at Diagnosis among Male and Female Adults Participating in a Prospective Cohort Study: Findings from Alberta’s Tomorrow Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 4938-4952
Author(s):  
Monica Ghebrial ◽  
Michelle L. Aktary ◽  
Qinggang Wang ◽  
John J. Spinelli ◽  
Lorraine Shack ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Caffeine Intake ◽  
Stage At Diagnosis ◽  
Early Stage Disease ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Using Data

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in Canada. CRC screening and other factors associated with early-stage disease can improve CRC treatment efficacy and survival. This study examined factors associated with CRC stage at diagnosis among male and female adults using data from a large prospective cohort study in Alberta, Canada. Baseline data were obtained from healthy adults aged 35–69 years participating in Alberta’s Tomorrow Project. Factors associated with CRC stage at diagnosis were evaluated using Partial Proportional Odds models. Analyses were stratified to examine sex-specific associations. A total of 267 participants (128 males and 139 females) developed CRC over the study period. Among participants, 43.0% of males and 43.2% of females were diagnosed with late-stage CRC. Social support, having children, and caffeine intake were predictors of CRC stage at diagnosis among males, while family history of CRC, pregnancy, hysterectomy, menopausal hormone therapy, lifetime number of Pap tests, and household physical activity were predictive of CRC stage at diagnosis among females. These findings highlight the importance of sex differences in susceptibility to advanced CRC diagnosis and can help inform targets for cancer prevention programs to effectively reduce advanced CRC and thus improve survival.

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