Study of the electrical and thermal conductivity of compounds and solid solutions resulting from the study of the triple system (BaCl2-CuSO4-Na2CO3): دراسة الناقلية الكهربائية والحرارية للمركبات والمحاليل الصلبة الناتجة عن دراسة الجملة الثلاثية (BaCl2-CuSO4-Na2CO3)

In this research, the electrical and thermal conductivity of the compounds BaCl2-CuSO4-Na2CO3 - Ba6Na8C4Cl12O12 - Ba6Cu4S4Cl12O16 - Cu6Na8S6C4O36 and the solid solutions resulting from the interaction of these compounds with each other, using the thermal conductivity measuring device (ITP-M64) and electrical conductivity measurement device (the four paths) were studied. The results are different between superconducting materials and medium conductive materials (semiconductors).

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Control of Pedicle Screw Placement with an Electrical Conductivity Measurement Device: Initial Evaluation in the Thoracic and Lumbar Spine

Advances in Medicine ◽

10.1155/2016/4296294 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 2016 ◽

pp. 1-7 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Olaf Suess ◽

Markus Schomacher

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Electronic Conductivity ◽

Spinal Instrumentation ◽

Pedicle Screws ◽

Conductivity Measurement ◽

Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽

Measurement Device ◽

Degenerative Spinal Disease ◽

Single Use ◽

Transpedicular Screw Fixation

Aim. Transpedicular screw fixation is widely used in spinal surgery. But the insertion of pedicle screws can sometimes be challenging because of the variability in pedicle size and the proximity of nerve roots.Methods. We detected intraoperatively the sensitivity for iatrogenic pedicel perforation with a hand-held electronic conductivity measurement device (ECD) that measures electrical conductivity of tissue-medium surrounding the instrument tip. ECD was used to guide the placement of 84 pedicle screws in 15 patients undergoing surgery for tumor or degenerative spinal disease at various spinal levels from T8 to L5. Additionally a CT-scan controlled screw positioning postoperatively.Results. The placement was “correct” (no mediocaudal pedicle wall penetration) for 78 of 84 (92,8%) screws, “suboptimal but acceptable” (0–2 mm penetration) for 4 of 84 (4,8%) screws, and “misplaced” (penetration > 2 mm) for 2 of 84 (2,4%) screws.Conclusion. Although this study was not designed to compare electronic conductivity technique to other guidance methods, such as fluoroscopy or navigation, a convincing “proof of concept” for ECD use in spinal instrumentation could be demonstrated. Advantages include easy handling without time-consuming setup and reduced X-ray exposure. However, further investigations are necessary to evaluate i.a. the economic aspects for this single-use developed instrument.

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Accuracy of pedicle screw placement by fluoroscopy, a three-dimensional printed model, local electrical conductivity measurement device, and intraoperative computed tomography navigation in scoliosis patients

European Journal of Orthopaedic Surgery & Traumatology ◽

10.1007/s00590-020-02803-2 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Hitoshi Kudo ◽

Kanichiro Wada ◽

Gentaro Kumagai ◽

Sunao Tanaka ◽

Toru Asari ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Computed Tomography ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Pedicle Screw ◽

Three Dimensional ◽

Conductivity Measurement ◽

Screw Placement ◽

Pedicle Screw Placement ◽

Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽

Measurement Device ◽

Intraoperative Computed Tomography

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Investigation of AgI-Based Solid Solutions with Ag2CO3

Technologies ◽

10.3390/technologies9030054 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 (3) ◽

pp. 54

Author(s):

Kento Uchida ◽

Yuta Matsushima

Keyword(s):

Thermal Analysis ◽

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Differential Thermal Analysis ◽

Solid Solutions ◽

Conductivity Measurement ◽

Solubility Limit ◽

Reaction Products ◽

Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽

Rich Region ◽

Silver Carbonate

The formation phenomena of silver carbonate (Ag2CO3)–silver iodide (AgI) solid solutions were investigated by X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetry-differential thermal analysis, and electrical conductivity measurement. Results revealed that AgI and Ag2CO3 reacted with each other when mixed at room temperature. The reaction products were classified into three types: (1) AgI-based solid solutions in the AgI-rich region for x = 10% or less in x Ag2CO3–(1 − x) AgI; (2) Ag2CO3-based solid solutions in the Ag2CO3-rich region for x = 60% or more; and (3) silver carbonate iodides in the intermediate range for x between 10% and 60%. For the AgI-based solid solutions, the incorporation of Ag2CO3 into the AgI lattice expanded the unit cell and enhanced electrical conductivity. The solubility limit of Ag2CO3 into the AgI lattice estimated from the differential thermal analysis was x ≈ 5%.

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Electrical Conductivity Measurement on Metallic Materials With a Cylindrical Resonator

IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility ◽

10.1109/temc.2021.3070082 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Yunfeng Dong ◽

Morten Stendahl Jellesen ◽

Rune Juul Christiansen ◽

Jesper Hovelskov ◽

Jorgen Sundgren ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Conductivity Measurement ◽

Metallic Materials ◽

Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽

Cylindrical Resonator

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Electrical Properties of Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ-YSZ Composites as Electrode Materials

Key Engineering Materials ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.697.327 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 697 ◽

pp. 327-330 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Ke Shan ◽

Xing Min Guo ◽

Feng Rui Zhai ◽

Zhong Zhou Yi

Keyword(s):

Electrical Conductivity ◽

Electrode Materials ◽

Electronic Conductivity ◽

Ionic Conductivities ◽

Conductivity Measurement ◽

Transference Numbers ◽

Secondary Phases ◽

Electrical Conductivity Measurement ◽

Total Electrical Conductivity ◽

Phase Compatibility

Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ-YSZ composites were prepared by mixing Y, Fe co-doped SrTiO3 (Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ known as YSTF) and 8 mol% Y2O3 stabilized ZrO2 (YSZ) in different weight fractions. The phase stability, phase compatibility, microstructure and mixed ionic-electronic conductivity of composites were investigated. Phase analysis by XRD showed no clearly detectable secondary phases. The electrical conductivity measurement on the YSTF-YSZ composites showed a drastic decrease in total electrical and ionic conductivities when more than 10 wt% of YSZ was used in the composites. The total electrical conductivity was 0.102 S/cm for Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.6Fe0.4O3-δ and 0.043 S/cm for YSTF-20YSZ at 700 oC, respectively. The value at 700 oC is approximately 2.4 times higher than that of YSTF-20YSZ. The ionic conductivity of Y0.06Sr0.94Ti0.8Fe0.2O3-δ varies from 0.015S/cm at 700 oC to 0.02 S/cm at 800 oC, respectively. The value at 800°C is approximately 12.5 times higher than YSTF-20YSZ. The ion transference numbers of YSTF-YSZ composites vary from 0.14 to 0.28 at 800 °C.

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