Genetic editing techniques in HIV infection treatment

Infectio ro ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (52) ◽  
pp. 22
Author(s):  
Alina Șerbănescu
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Infection Treatment

scholarly journals Epigenome-wide epidemiologic studies of human immunodeficiency virus infection, treatment, and disease progression

2022 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Boghuma K. Titanji ◽  
Marta Gwinn ◽  
Vincent C. Marconi ◽  
Yan V. Sun
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Disease Progression ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Improve Patient Care ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Scientific Validity ◽  
Current State ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Immunodeficiency Virus ◽  
Hiv Research

AbstractDespite significant advances in the treatment and care of people with HIV (PWH), several challenges remain in our understanding of disease pathogenesis to improve patient care. HIV infection can modify the host epigenome and as such can impact disease progression, as well as the molecular processes driving non-AIDS comorbidities in PWH. Epigenetic epidemiologic studies including epigenome-wide association studies (EWAS) offer a unique set of tools to expand our understanding of HIV disease and to identify novel strategies applicable to treatment and diagnosis in this patient population. In this review, we summarize the current state of knowledge from epigenetic epidemiologic studies of PWH, identify the main challenges of this approach, and highlight future directions for the field. Emerging epigenetic epidemiologic studies of PWH can expand our understanding of HIV infection and health outcomes, improve scientific validity through collaboration and replication, and increase the coverage of diverse populations affected by the global HIV pandemic. Through this review, we hope to highlight the potential of EWAS as a tool for HIV research and to engage more investigators to explore its application to important research questions.

Structured Intermittent Interruption of Chronic HIV Infection Treatment with Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy: Effects on Leptin and TNF-α

2006 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 307-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Montes De Oca Arjona ◽  
R. Pérez-Cano ◽  
R. Garcia-Juárez ◽  
A. Martín-Aspas ◽  
C. Fernández Gutiérrez Del Álamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Highly Active Antiretroviral Therapy ◽  
Highly Active ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Chronic Hiv Infection

scholarly journals Neuroinflammation and EIF2 signaling persist in an HiPSC tri-culture model of HIV infection despite antiretroviral treatment

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sean K. Ryan ◽  
Michael V. Gonzalez ◽  
James P. Garifallou ◽  
Frederick C. Bennett ◽  
Kimberly S. Williams ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hiv Infection ◽  
Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Antiretroviral Treatment ◽  
Induced Pluripotent Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Similar Response ◽  
Infection Treatment ◽  
Culture Model ◽  
Key Features ◽  
Induced Pluripotent

AbstractHIV-Associated Neurocognitive Disorders (HAND) affect over half of HIV-infected individuals worldwide, despite antiretroviral therapy (ART). Therapeutically targetable mechanisms underlying HAND remain elusive. We developed a human-induced pluripotent stem cell (HiPSC) based model; whereby, we independently differentiate HiPSCs into neurons, astrocytes, and microglia and systematically combine to generate a tri-culture with or without HIV-infection and ART. scRNAseq analysis on tri-cultures including HIV-infected microglia revealed inflammatory signatures in the microglia and EIF2 signaling in all three cell types. Remarkably, EFZ alone induced a similar response to infection. Treatment with the antiretroviral compound Efavirenz (EFZ) mostly resolved these signatures; However, EFZ increased RhoGDI and CD40 signaling in the HIV-infected microglia. This activation was associated with a persistent increase in TNFa expression. This work establishes a tri-culture that recapitulates key features of HIV infection in the CNS and provides a new model to examine the effects of HIV infection and its treatment with antiretrovirals.

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