The Pap smear test value in dysplasia and cervical cancer diagnosis

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (69) ◽  
pp. 6
Author(s):  
Gheorghe Cruciat ◽  
Iulia Popa ◽  
Suzana Mariam Chaikh-Sulaiman
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test

scholarly journals Migrating techniques, multiplying diagnoses: the contribution of Argentina and Brazil to early 'detection policy' in cervical cancer

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 33-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yolanda Eraso
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Diagnosis ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
South American ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Medical Centers

This article on the early detection of cervical cancer focuses on the development of two leading diagnostic techniques - colposcopy and the Pap smear test - and their histories in Argentina and Brazil. It explores how diagnostic tools were transferred between Europe and the Americas, while examining the intersection of cultural and medical aspects and the processes of adaptation and resignification in the receiving countries. Colposcopy received little attention in the main Western medical centers until South American countries reasserted its significance in the 1950s. 'Peripheral' centers played a central role in early detection policies and the combined uses of these methods gave rise to a new stage of 'cumulative confidence' in cervical cancer diagnosis and screening.

scholarly journals Factors associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing in the rural areas of Indonesia: a health belief model

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sumarmi Sumarmi ◽  
Yu-Yun Hsu ◽  
Ya-Min Cheng ◽  
Shu-Hsin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Beliefs ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Smear Testing

Abstract Purposes This study aimed to understand the influence of health beliefs, demographic factors, and health characteristics on the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among women in rural areas of Indonesia. Methods A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted and 687 married women participated in the study. A convenience sampling was applied to recruit the participants from community health centres in a rural region in Indonesia. Self-reported data using the Health Beliefs Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test was collected to assess the health beliefs. Independent t-tests, simple logistic regressions, and a hierarchical logistic regression with 3 steps were run. Statistical significance for analysis was set at p < 0.05. Results The mean age of the participants was 42 years (SD = 8.4). Among the participants, 81% of the women had never undergone a Pap smear test, and 61% (n = 422) of the women reported a high intention of receiving a Pap smear test. Income and education Health beliefs regarding Pap smear testing were different between women who had low and high intentions to undergo Pap smear testing. Health beliefs, such as perceived benefits, severity, barriers to Pap smear testing, and health motivation for a Pap smear test were associated with the intention to undergo Pap smear testing among rural Indonesian women. Overall, the hierarchical multiple regression with 3 steps containing demographic, health characteristics, and health belief variables accounted for 31% variance of the intention to undergo Pap smear test among the Indonesian rural women. Conclusions Low screening rates of cervical cancer and high intentions to do the screening exist among rural Indonesian women. Health beliefs significantly affect the rural women’s intention of Pap smear testing in Indonesia.

Health Belief Model Scale for Cervical Cancer and Pap Smear Test

2011 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulten Guvenc ◽  
Aygul Akyuz ◽  
Cengiz Han Açikel
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Health Belief Model ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Health Belief ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Model Scale ◽  
Belief Model

scholarly journals Educational intervention on knowledge of cervical cancer and uptake of Pap smear test among market women in Niger State, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Godwin Jiya Gana ◽  
Mansur O. Oche ◽  
Jessica Timane Ango ◽  
Aminu Umar Kaoje ◽  
Kehinde Joseph Awosan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Educational Intervention ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Female Genital Tract ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Market Women

Cervical cancer is the most common female genital tract carcinoma worldwide. It is increasingly becoming the leading carcinoma seen among women in the developing world. The aim of our study was to showcase the effect of educational intervention on the knowledge of cervical cancer and subsequently the uptake of Pap smear test amongst market women in Niger state, Nigeria. The state has a rich network of markets in all the local government areas because of the fishing activities, bountiful agricultural produce yearly and its situation to the North of the national capital, Abuja. This was a quasi-experimental study conducted in two groups with pre and post intervention data collection. Sample size was determined based on a previous similar study done in Nigeria. Multi stage sampling technique was used for recruiting the study participants. SPSS statistical software was used for data entry, editing and analysis. Respondents’ knowledge of cervical cancer were comparable at pre-intervention but were statistically significantly better (P<0.0001) at post-intervention in the intervention group compared to the control group for every variable measured. However, there was only a (Fisher’s exact, P=0.621) compared to the control group. This study showed an increase in knowledge about cervical cancer and Pap smear test however the uptake of Pap smear test remained low even after intervention. This underscores the need for sustained intervention programs to eventually translate knowledge acquired to habitual practice.

scholarly journals Determinants factors to Pap smear screening among married women in a city of South Iran: applying the BASNEF model

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahimeh Momeni ◽  
Zahra Hosseini ◽  
Teamur Aghamolaei ◽  
Amin Ghanbarnejad
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Behavioral Intention ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Subjective Norms ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Enabling Factors ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Pap Smear Screening

Abstract Background Cervical cancer is known to be preventable because of the long pre-invasion period and the availability of appropriate screening methods. Pap smear is a selective screening approach, which is not taken seriously enough by many women. Methods This cross-sectional, descriptive, analytical study was performed using electronic health records of 202 women visiting the health centers chosen through the systematic sampling method. The data collection tool contained items on demographic information, awareness regarding cervical cancer, and the beliefs, attitudes, subjective norms, and enabling factors (BASNEF) model constructs. Data were analyzed using the linear regression analysis, logistic regression, and multivariate regression analysis with backward selection in SPSS, version 18. Results Based on the results, more than half of the women had never had a Pap smear test. Of the 202 women, only 14.8% had repeated the Pap smear test at the standard interval. Attitudes and subjective norms predicted the intention to have a Pap smear test among the eligible women. Overall, 10% of the changes in behavioral intention were explained by attitudes and subjective norms. In the BASNEF model, the behavioral intention was one of the most important factors that affected compliance with the Pap smear test among the eligible women. Conclusion Based on the results of this study, it is possible to improve screening behaviors among women through proper planning to increase awareness and improve attitudes, subjective norms, enabling factors, and behavioral intention. Pap smear plays an important role in controlling cervical cancer.

Women knowledge in fertile age about the pap smear test importance

2008 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Maria Angélica de França Telles ◽  
Liana Cristina Esmeraldo Alencar ◽  
Maria De Lourdes Dias Prazeres ◽  
Ednaldo Cavalcante de Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Sexual Relations ◽  
Early Prevention ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Hospital School ◽  
Preventive Examination

ABSTRACTExploratory descriptive study, from quantitative approach, aiming at identifying women knowledge in fertile age about pap smear test importance, carried out at a colposcopy service of a hospital school at Recife, Pernambuco (PE) - Brasil. The sample from 50 volunteers answered a questionnaire used to gather data that were grouped, interpreted and presented in figures. As findings, regarding to reason to be submitted for the preventive examination, 82% mentioned the illnesses prevention; 4% because some health professional directed them to the service and 2% because knew for the publicities; regarding to the fear for the carry out the exam, 56% did not fear the carry out the exam and 44% feared for will have be uncomfortable; regarding to care that should have before carrying out the exam, 74% referred that was necessary be not menstruated, not to have had sexual relations and not to have used showers, ointments or cremate in the vagina; 10% cited be not menstruated and not to have had sexual relations and, 16% did not know or did not remember anything about caring; regarding to opinion about the period for carrying out the exam, 44% affirmed to be to each year, 36% to each semester, 18% to each semester or to each year depending on the result and 2%, to each quarter. As findings the pap smear test is very important, therefore, beyond the cervical cancer early prevention, it’s an indispensable procedure to the prenatal, family planning, obstetric pathologies service and sexually transmitted diseases programs. Descriptors: knowledge; pap smear test; cervical cancer; prevention.RESUMOEstudo descritivo exploratório, de abordagem quantitativa, com o objetivo de identificar o conhecimento de mulheres em idade fértil sobre a importância do papanicolau. Foi realizado com 50 voluntárias, em um serviço de colposcopia de um hospital escola em Recife, Pernambuco (PE) - Brasil, que responderam um instrumento de coleta de dados, tipo questionário. Os dados foram agrupados, interpretados e apresentados em figuras. Dentre os demais resultados observou-se que 82% da amostra mencionaram que o motivo para a realização do exame foi a prevenção, 4% porque algum profissional de saúde as encaminhou ao serviço e 2% porque ouviram falar por meio de propaganda das mídias; quanto ao temor, 56% não o temiam e 44% o temiam por terem vergonha, sentirem dor ou que a posição era incômoda; quanto aos cuidados antes do exame, 74% referiram que era necessário não estar menstruada, não ter tido relações sexuais e não ter usado duchas, pomadas ou cremes vaginais; 10% afirmaram não estar menstruada e não ter tido relações sexuais e, 16% não sabiam ou não lembravam dos cuidados; com relação ao período para realizar o exame, 44% afirmaram ser a cada ano, 36% a cada semestre, 18% a cada semestre ou a cada ano dependendo do resultado, e 2% a cada trimestre. Com estes resultados, considera-se que o exame de papanicolau é de fundamental importância, visto que além da prevenção e detecção precoce do câncer ginecológico, torna-se um procedimento indispensável aos programas de planejamento familiar, pré-natal, atendimento a patologias obstétricas e de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. Descritores: conhecimento; papanicolau; câncer cervical; prevenção.RESUMENEstudio descriptivo exploratorio, de enfoque cuatitativo, con el fin de determinar los conocimientos de las mujeres en edad fértil sobre la importancia de prueba de Papanicolau, que se lleva a cabo en un servicio de colposcopía de un hospital escuela en Recife, Pernambuco (PE) - Brasil. La muestra de 50 mujeres voluntárias, respondieron a un cuestionario utilizado para recoger los datos; fueron agrupados, interpretados y se presentaron en figuras. Como resultados se observaron que el 82% de la muestra mencionaron que el motivo por la que realizaron el examen fue la prevención; 4% debido a que algún profesional de la salud los oriento al servicio y 2% porque habían escuchado en publicidad de los medios; en relación al temor por la realización de la examen, 56% no le temían realizar el examen y 44% temían  tener verguenza, tener dolor o que la posición era incómoda; con respecto a los cuidados a tener antes del examen, el 74% refiere que era necesario no estar menstruando, no haber tenido relaciones sexuales y no haber utilizado duchas, ungüentos o cremas vaginales; 10% mencionó que no estaba menstruando y no había tenido relaciones sexuales, y 16% no sabe o no recuerda nada acerca de los cuidados; con respecto a la opinión sobre el plazo para llevar a cabo el examen, el 44% afirmó que era cada año, 36% cada semestre, 18% cada semestre o cada año dependiendo de los resultados y 2% cada trimestre. Con estos resultados se considera que la prueba de Papanicolau es de fundamental importancia, porque más allá de la prevención y detección del cáncer de cuello uterino, es un procedimiento indispensable en los programas de planificación familiar, prenatal, atención a patologías obstétricas y enfermedades de transmisión sexual. Descriptores: el conocimiento; la prueba de papanicolau; cáncer de cuello de útero, prevención. 

scholarly journals Perceptions of Nigerian Women about Human Papilloma Virus, Cervical Cancer, and HPV Vaccine

Scientifica ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olusola Anuoluwapo Akanbi ◽  
Abiodun Iyanda ◽  
Folakemi Osundare ◽  
Oluyinka Oladele Opaleye
Keyword(s):  
Cervical Cancer ◽  
Human Papilloma Virus ◽  
Hpv Vaccine ◽  
Pap Smear ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Papilloma Virus ◽  
Nigerian Women ◽  
Pap Smear Test ◽  
Smear Test

Background. Cervical cancer caused by human papilloma virus (HPV) though preventable has claimed the lives of many women worldwide. This study was embarked upon to evaluate the general knowledge and perceptions of Nigerian women on HPV, cervical cancer, and HPV vaccine.Methods. Structured questionnaires were administered to a cross section of 737 women randomly selected from the general population in two southwestern States of Nigeria. Statistical analysis was done using SPSS computer software version 16. APvalue >0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results. One hundred and seventy-six (23.9%) of the respondents had knowledge of HPV; 474 (64.3%) are aware of cervical cancer but only 136 (18.5%) know that HPV causes cervical cancer. 200 (27.1%) are aware that there is an HPV vaccine while 300 (40.7%) had knowledge of Pap smear test. Two hundred and sixty (35.3%) of the respondents know that early detection of HPV can prevent cervical cancer and in spite of this, only 110 (14.9%) have taken the Pap smear test before while 151 (20.5%) are not willing to go for the test at all.Conclusions. There is therefore the need to create proper awareness on the HPV and its possible consequence of cervical carcinoma.

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