scholarly journals Ovulation Induction and Intrauterine Insemination for Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Siwatch S ◽  
◽  
Suri V ◽  
Dhaliwal LK ◽  
Gainder S ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Low Resource Settings ◽  
Low Resource ◽  
Reproductive Techniques ◽  
Anovulatory Infertility ◽  
Art Techniques

Hypogonadotropic Hypogonadism (HH) is a rare gynae- endocrinological cause of anovulatory infertility. Gonadotropins are given to induce ovulation. Various ART techniques have been used for assisting conception in these women. In this study, we aimed to calculate the chances of success of ovulation and pregnancy rates after ovulation induction and intrauterine seminal insemination in HH women. We reviewed and analyzed the chances of success of ovulation and conception with ovulation induction and intrauterine seminal insemination in thirty two couples who underwent 56 intrauterine insemination cycles. The average age of these women was 27.2+/- 3.2 years. Ovulation was documented in 55/56 cycles. An average of 12.89+/-5.05 days of stimulation was required to induce ovulation. The pregnancy rate was 50%. Thus, intrauterine insemination offers a cheaper yet good alternate option of reproductive techniques in addition to ovulation induction with gonadotropins, in hypogonadotropic hypogonadism, especially in the low resource settings.

scholarly journals A study for evaluation of two protocols comprising of clomiphene citrate, human menopausal gonadotropin with or without follicle stimulating hormone for ovulation induction in patients with infertility for intrauterine insemination

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2487
Author(s):  
Ashok Verma ◽  
Shivani Sharma ◽  
Suresh Verma ◽  
Pankaj Sharma ◽  
Tenzin Tsamo Tenga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Menstrual Cycle ◽  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Endometrial Thickness ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotropin ◽  
Multiple Gestation ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background: To compare two protocols comprising of FSH/CC/HMG and CC/HMG for ovulation induction and IUI in women with infertility.Methods: 60 women with unexplained infertility were randomized using sequentially numbered opaque envelope method. Group A received inj FSH 150 units on day 2 of menstrual cycle and clomiphene citrate 100 mg from day 3-7, followed by injection HMG 150 units on day 9 of menstrual cycle. Group B received clomiphene citrate 100 mg from day 3-7, and HMG 150 units on day 7 and 9 of the menstrual cycle.  Ovulation triggered with hCG 5000 units when dominant follicle was 18mm. Single IUI was done 36-42 hours afterwards.Results: Pregnancy occurred in 3 out of 30 women in 116 cycles Group A (with FSH) with a pregnancy rate of 10 percent, and 2.8% per cycle. In group B (without FSH) pregnancy occurred in 3 out of 30 women in 117 cycles with pregnancy rate of 10 percent, and 2.6% per cycle. The number of follicles per cycle was 1.36 and follicle size was 18.57 mm in group A. While in Group B numbers of follicles per cycle were 1.22, with average size of 18.9mm. Mean endometrial thickness was 7.7mm in Group A and 6.37 in Group B (p=.01, significant). Mild OHSS was observed in one woman in Group B. No other side effects were observed in both the groups.Conclusions: The controlled ovarian stimulation regimes used in this study are equally effective, easy to administer, require less intensive monitoring and fewer medications, with little risk of OHSS and multiple gestation.

RESULT OF ADVANCED TECHNIQUES FOR ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN EWES WITH FROZEN-THAWED SEMEN

2015 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
P Myagmarsuren ◽  
U Myagmardulam ◽  
Ts Haliunaa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Reproductive Performance ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Luminal Diameter ◽  
Physical Size ◽  
Domestic Species ◽  
Breeding Station

In all domestic species, acceptable pregnancy rate with frozen-thawed semen is 20-30% through simply cervical and vaginal insemination. Researchers have proved that achievable high results can be expected only from intrauterine insemination in ewes. Unlike the cow, and goat, the cervix of ewes is a formidable barrier to penetrate for transcervical intrauterine insemination. It is not only due to the physical size of the canal and a narrow luminal diameter (even at estrus), but also due to its caudally facing eccentric series of four to eight funnel-like rings. The major aim of this study was to evaluate a comparison of transcervical and laparoscopic intrauterine artificial insemination techniques with frozen –thawed semen on the reproductive performance of ewes.58ewes of 3-4 years of age, so called Altanbulag subspecies of breed were selected and equally divided into 2 groups for the AI methods from October 15-20, 2013 in the breeding station of Research Institute of Animal Husbandry in Hongor sum, Darhan uul province. The estrus was synchronized with EAZI-BREED TMCIDR in which the progesterone content was 0.3 g. After 12 days, the CIDR were removed, PMSG of 400 and 200 IU were administrated intramuscularly per ewe. The total success of synchronization rate was 93.3%. The results has shown the possibilities of laparoscopic and transcervical AI techniques in 55.17%, 41.37% (p>0.05) of pregnancy rates respectively, with frozen-thawed semen in ewes by ultrasonography diagnosis.Mongolian Journal of Agricultural Sciences Vol.13(2) 2014: 43-47

scholarly journals The Study on Different Ovulation Induction Protocols used for Intrauterine Insemination and their Pregnancy Rate in Infertile Couples

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 73-82
Author(s):  
Yaminipriya Devarajlu Dhivya Venkatesan ◽  
Balachandar Vellingiri Ravimanickam Thangarasu ◽  
Sarat Battina
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Clomiphene Citrate ◽  
Human Menopausal Gonadotropin ◽  
Fertility Drugs ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Infertility affects millions of people of reproductive age worldwide and has an impact on their families and communities. Infertility is a disease of male or female reproductive system defined by failure to achieve a pregnancy after 12 months or more of regular unprotected sexual intercourse. Infertility is treated by different fertility drugs, ovulation induction (OI), intrauterine insemination (IUI) and in-vitro fertilization (IVF). The aim of the study is to find out the significant difference in pregnancy rate with different OI protocols used for IUI. OI is the first line treatment given to infertile women. In OI, medications are given to women for egg development and for release of eggs. OI is monitored by follicular study by ultrasonography. Semen is collected from the male partner and processed with culture media to retrieve high motile sperms, which are injected into the uterus of the female. A prospective randomized study was performed among 1343 IUI cycles. OI is started on Day 2 or Day 3 of the menstrual cycle. OI protocol is grouped according to the fertility drugs used for stimulation. The fertility drugs used for the stimulation are Clomiphene Citrate, Letrozole, Recombinant Gonadotropins, Human menopausal Gonadotropins (HMG), Human chorionic Gonadotropin (HCG). Group A uses Clomiphene citrate and HCG, Group B uses Clome, recombinant Gonadotropins and HCG. Group C uses Clome, Human menopausal Gonadotropin and HCG; Group D uses Letrozole and HCG. Group E uses Letrozole recombinant Gonadotropin and HCG. Group F used Letrozole, Human menopausal Gonadotropin and HCG. Group G used recombinant Gonadotropin and HCG. Group H used Human menopausal Gonadotropin and HCG. Group I uses only HCG. Group J was a natural cycle monitoring without any medication and was used as a control. Pregnancy rates were calculated for different age groups with different protocols. The result shows that Group B had 13% pregnancy, Group C had 9%, Group D had 3%, Group E had 10%, Group G had 11%, Group G had 11%, Group H had 7%, Group I had 4%, and Group J had 8% of pregnancy rate. The statistical analysis shows there is no significant difference with different stimulation protocols used.

scholarly journals Endometrial Scratching Effect on Pregnancy Rate in Intrauterine Insemination Cycles: A Randomized Controlled Trial

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-89
Author(s):  
Mina Naghi Jafarabadi ◽  
Maryam Bagheri ◽  
Zahra Ebrahimi ◽  
Mamak Shariat ◽  
Fedyeh Haghollahi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnancy Rate ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Endometrial Scratch ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy Rates ◽  
And Control

Objectives : This study was aimed to examine the endometrial scratch injury effect to improve pregnancy rate in women undergoing intrauterine insemination (IUI). Materials and Methods: This randomized controlled clinical trial was conducted in a University Clinic from November 2017 to January 2019. A total of 120 candidates entered the study, who were assigned to intervention (n=60) and control (n=60) groups. All subjects underwent controlled ovarian stimulation using letrozole 2.5 mg/BD on a day between 3 and 7 of the cycle. Then, the sonographic monitoring was started from day 8 of the cycles, followed by injecting human chorionic gonadotropins (HCG) 100001U intramuscularly when 1-2 follicles reached 18 mm in diameter. Approximately 36-38 hours afterward, IUI was done and a B-HCG test was performed after 15 days as well. In addition, luteal phase support was performed with the vaginal progesterone 400 mg twice daily for 15 days. In the intervention group, on day 3 of the cycle endometrial cavity on the posterior wall was scratched with the vaginal cannula No. 4 by a single infertility specialist in addition to the routine procedure. The chemical and clinical pregnancy rates were the main outcome measurements. Results: The overall clinical pregnancy rates were 11/59 (18.6%) and 10/59 (16.9%) in intervention and control groups, respectively (P=0.810). Further, the abortion rates were 1/59 (1.7%) and 3/59 (5.1%) in intervention and control groups, respectively (P=0.303). Eventually, no cases of ectopic pregnancy were observed in either group. Conclusions: Based on the findings of this study, endometrial scratch by pipelle cannot improve pregnancy rate in the early proliferative phase.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Letrozole and Human Chorionic Gonadotropin Injection in Ovulation Induction: A Cohort Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Chukwudi Udealor ◽  
Eric Ezenwa Asimadu ◽  
Emeka Iloghalu
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Human Chorionic Gonadotropin ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Ovulation Stimulation ◽  
Group A

Introduction: Ovulation stimulation followed by timed intercourse or Intrauterine Insemination (IUI) is widely used for treatment of anovulatory infertility. Aim: To compare the effectiveness of Letrozole (LE) alone versus LE and human chorionic gonadotropin injection in ovulation induction and pregnancy rates in women undergoing ovulation induction/follicular tracking in Enugu, Nigeria. Materials and Methods: The longitudinal cohort study was carried out in University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital and Livingston Specialist Gynaecological Hospital in Enugu, Nigeria. Study population were women coming for ovulation stimulation/follicular tracking. Ovulation was confirmed by ultrasound evidence of ovulation with a progesterone level of greater or equal to 25 nmol/L on day 21, positive pregnancy test/ultrasound detection of a gestational sac. Patients were consecutively assigned to group A or B. Group A received LE only for the induction while group B received 10000 IU of human chorionic gonadotropin injection in addition to LE. A total of 5 mg of LE was given daily from day 3 to day 7. The primary outcome measured was the number of ruptured/crenated follicles on either arm while the secondary outcomes were the number of Luteinised Unruptured Follicles (LUF) and pregnancy rates. The Statistical analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 21.0 software (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). Results: A total of 50 women were in each arm of the study. There was no significant difference in age and parity between the two arms. There was no significance difference between the period of infertility and the number of the previous cycles of ovulation stimulation. (p=0.444 and 0.526, respectively). Ovulation was significantly associated with HCG injection (p=0.001). However, there was no statistical significance between both arms regarding the number of LUF (p=0.216). HCG injection was significantly associated with pregnancy. Subjects who took HCG injection were over two times more likely to become pregnant than those without HCG injection (OR=2.488, 95% CI for OR=1.057-5.857, p=0.037). Conclusion: This study showed that both the ovulation rate and pregnancy rate are significantly improved when human chorionic gonadotrophin injection is given after ovarian stimulation.

scholarly journals Impact of Preconceptional Serum Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Values Ranging Between 2.5 and 4.5 mIU/L on Intrauterine Insemination Outcomes in Euthyroid Women with Unexplained Infertility

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lale Karakis ◽  
Huseyin Kiyak ◽  
Berfin Okmen ◽  
Cagdas Ozdemir ◽  
Engin Turkgeldi
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Live Birth ◽  
Ovulation Induction ◽  
Intrauterine Insemination ◽  
Thyroid Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Unexplained Infertility ◽  
Pregnancy Rates ◽  
Clinical Pregnancy ◽  
Serum Tsh ◽  
Tsh Levels

Abstract Background: Contrary to overt hypothyroidism, the true impact of subclinical hypothyroidism on fertility has not been well established. This study aimed to investigate whether serum thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) values between 2.5 and 4.5 mIU/L are associated with lower pregnancy rates compared to TSH levels between 0.3-2.5 mIU/L in women undergoing ovulation induction with gonadotropins and intrauterine insemination (IUI) for unexplained infertility.Methods: Medical records of couples with unexplained infertility who underwent IUI treatment between January 2013 and December 2018 were reviewed retrospectively. Cycle characteristics and pregnancy outcomes of patients with serum TSH levels between 0.3-2.49 mIU/L and 2.5–4.5 mIU/L were compared. Primary outcome measures were clinical pregnancy and live birth rate. Secondary outcome measures were total dose of gonadotropin administration, duration of ovulation induction and miscarriage rate.Results: A total of 726 euthyroid women who underwent 1465 cycles of ovulation induction with gonadotropins and IUI were included in the analyses. Patient and cycle characteristics of the two study groups were similar. No statistically significant differences could be detected in the clinical pregnancy (p=0.743) and live birth rates (p=0.380) between the two groups. Duration of ovulation induction, total gonadotropin dosage, number of follicles >17mm on the trigger day and the miscarriage rates were similar in the two groups.Conclusion: In euthyroid women undergoing ovulation induction with gonadotropins and IUI for unexplained infertility, the range of preconceptional serum TSH values between 2.5-4.5 mIU/L is not associated with lower pregnancy rates when compared to TSH levels between 0.3-2.5 mIU/L.

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