scholarly journals Engineered Jute Bags for Storing Food Grains within Harrington’s Safe Zone of Seed Moisture Content

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Odokonyero ◽  
Himanshu Mishra ◽  
Adair Gallo Junior
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Jute Fabrics ◽  
Jute Bags

<p>Harrington’s thumb rule states that for every 1% increase in seed moisture content (SMC), seed lifetime decreases by 50%. Thus, to avoid post-harvest grain losses, stored seeds must be insulated from water. Although the jute bags typically used to store grains afford an ecofriendly, durable, and low-cost storage solution, their hydrophilic nature makes them vulnerable to wetting from airborne humidity and precipitation events. To address this issue, we treated jute fabrics with alkali and wax to render them water-repellent. A 2-month seed storage experiment revealed that wax-coated jute bags (WCJBs) outperformed control jute bags (CJBs) at safeguarding wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) grains exposed to 55%–98% relative humidity. Specifically, grains stored in WCJBs exhibited 15%–50% less SMC than grains stored in CJBs, which led to a 21%–66% enhancement in the germination efficacy of WCJB-stored seeds. This engineering solution could enhance the potential of jute bags to reduce post-harvest losses.</p>

scholarly journals Engineered Jute Bags for Storing Food Grains within Harrington’s Safe Zone of Seed Moisture Content

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Odokonyero ◽  
Himanshu Mishra ◽  
Adair Gallo Junior
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Food Grains ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Jute Fabrics ◽  
Jute Bags

<p>Harrington’s thumb rule states that for every 1% increase in seed moisture content (SMC), seed lifetime decreases by 50%. Thus, to avoid post-harvest grain losses, stored seeds must be insulated from water. Although the jute bags typically used to store grains afford an ecofriendly, durable, and low-cost storage solution, their hydrophilic nature makes them vulnerable to wetting from airborne humidity and precipitation events. To address this issue, we treated jute fabrics with alkali and wax to render them water-repellent. A 2-month seed storage experiment revealed that wax-coated jute bags (WCJBs) outperformed control jute bags (CJBs) at safeguarding wheat (<i>Triticum aestivum</i>) grains exposed to 55%–98% relative humidity. Specifically, grains stored in WCJBs exhibited 15%–50% less SMC than grains stored in CJBs, which led to a 21%–66% enhancement in the germination efficacy of WCJB-stored seeds. This engineering solution could enhance the potential of jute bags to reduce post-harvest losses.</p>

scholarly journals Imbibition, germination and cooking time of seeds of dry beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) stored in different containers

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (4) ◽  
pp. 327-338
Author(s):  
Juan A. Jiménez ◽  
Dermot P. Coyne ◽  
Freddy Saladín
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Dominican Republic ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Cooking Time ◽  
Bean Seed ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Plastic Containers ◽  
Jute Bags

Deterioration of bean seed quality in storage is a problem for consumers, seed producers, and growers. Research was conducted to evaluate imbibition and germination of dry bean seed cultivars/lines stored under conditions similar to those used by small farmers in the Dominican Republic. Eight dry bean cultivars and lines were grown at three locations in the Dominican Republic. Seed samples were stored in jute bags, plastic containers, and metallic cans under uncontrolled conditions in a small wooden building with slatted shelves. Sub-samples of seeds were taken at 2, 4 and 6 months to determine changes in moisture content, imbibition and germination. Mean cooking time values were determined for seed of four cultivars which had been stored in the three types of above mentioned containers for 6 months. Seed moisture content decreased from 11 to 7% during 2 to 6 months of storage for 'Venezuela 44' and 'ICA-Pijao', respectively. Seed of 'Constanza' had the lowest imbibition value. Imbibition value differed among cultivars for seed stored in different container types. Germination of "Venezuela 44' exceeded 90%, but was only 66% for 'José Beta'. At 6 months, the germination viability of seed stored in jute bags and plastic containers was 78% and 83%, respectively, whereas seed stored in metallic containers was 92% viable. Seed of 'Venezuela 44' had shorter cooking times than seed of the other cultivars. Cooking time of seed differed among container types. Results indicate that growing location, cultivars, storage containers and duration of seed storage can affect seed quality of beans in the Dominican Republic.

scholarly journals Model Dinamik Vigor Daya Simpan Benih Kedelai pada Penyimpanan Terbuka

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ari Wahyuni ◽  
M. R. Suhartanto ◽  
Abdul Qadir
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Initial Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Soybean Seed ◽  
Storage Period ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Input Model ◽  
Seed Storability

<p>Soybean seed viability declines during seed storage. Soybean seed deteriorates rapidly, affected by its high protein content and often high humidity in the tropical environment. This research was aimed to develop dynamic model of soybean seed viability in an open storage. The study was conducted in three stages, namely: 1) desk study, 2) seed storage experiment, 3) development of seed storage model, simulation and verification of the model. The second stage of the experiment consisted of soybean seed storing and germination testing using completely randomized design. Treatments were three initial moisture content (7-8%, 9-10% and 11-12%) and four varieties of soybean (Anjasmoro, Wilis, Detam-1 and Detam-2). The results showed that the seed behaviour during storage period were affected by initial seed moisture content, initial viability, varieties and environmental condition. Therefore, seed moisture content, initial viability and varieties may be used as input model. Moisture content, integreting seed respiration, electric conductivity and seed storability vigor (VDSDB) were as model output. Simulation of Seed Storability Vigor Prediction Model with Model Construction Layer-Stella (MCLS) using relative humidity (RH), temperature, seed permeability, initial moisture content and initial viability as input model could logically predict the seed moisture content and seed storability vigor (VDSDB).</p>

scholarly journals Evaluation of Temperature and Moisture Content during Storage on the Germination of Flowering Annual Seed

HortScience ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 1003-1006 ◽  
Author(s):  
William J. Carpenter ◽  
Eric R. Ostmark ◽  
John A. Cornell
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Moisture Contents ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Storage Temperatures

Various combinations of temperature and moisture contents were used in evaluating the seed storage of nine genera of annual flowers. Relative humidity (RH) levels of 11%, 32%, 52%, and 75% provided wide ranges in seed moisture during storage at 5, 15, and 25C. At each temperature, total germination percentages (G) generally declined as seed moisture content increased during storage. The seed moisture range giving the highest G after 12 months of storage was determined for each temperature and plant genus. For all genera, seed moisture contents during storage increased as storage temperatures increased at constant RH levels. Moisture contents at 25C storage were 37%, 34%, 29%, and 20% higher than at 5C when RH levels were at 11%, 32%, 52%, and 75%, respectively.

CHROMOSOME DAMAGE INDUCED BY ARTIFICIAL SEED AGING IN BARLEY. I. GERMINABILITY AND FREQUENCY OF ABERRANT ANAPHASES AT FIRST MITOSIS

1981 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 267-280 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Murata ◽  
Eric E. Roos ◽  
Takumi Tsuchiya
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Mitotic Division ◽  
Root Tips ◽  
Hordeum Vulgare L ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Aging ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Higher Temperature

In order to study the genetic changes which occur during seed storage, barley (Hordeum vulgare L. 'Himalaya') seeds were subjected to artificial aging using six combinations of temperature (21 °C, 32 °C, and 38 °C) and seed moisture content (12% and 18%). With increasing time in storage, germination of the seeds was delayed and reduced. Abnormal seedlings without roots also occurred with increased storage. Higher temperature and seed moisture content induced rapid loss of germinability. At the first mitotic division in the root tips, the frequency of aberrant anaphases and of roots with aberrations increased with increased storage time. The frequencies of aberrant anaphases and of roots with aberrations were also increased by higher temperature and seed moisture content. Frequencies of aberrant anaphases and of roots with aberrations were negatively correlated with germination percentage. This indicated that the frequency of chromosomal aberrations induced by seed aging might be estimated from the germination percentages.

scholarly journals Nature-inspired wax-coated jute bags for reducing post-harvest storage losses

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kennedy Odokonyero ◽  
Adair Gallo ◽  
Himanshu Mishra
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Developing World ◽  
Fungal Growth ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
Post Harvest ◽  
Storage Losses ◽  
Jute Bags

AbstractPost-harvest storage of grains is crucial for food and feed reserves and facilitating seeds for planting. Ironically, post-harvest losses continue to be a major food security threat in the developing world, especially where jute bags are utilized. While jute fabrics flaunt mechanical strength and eco-friendliness, their water-loving nature has proven to be their Achilles heel. Increased relative humidity and/or precipitation wets jute, thereby elevating the moisture content of stored seeds and causing fungal growth. This reduces seed longevity, viability, and nutritional value. To address this crucial weakness of jute bags, we followed a nature-inspired approach to modify their surface microtexture and chemical make-up via alkali and wax treatments, respectively. The resulting wax-coated jute bags (WCJBs) exhibited significant water-repellency to simulated rainfall and airborne moisture compared to control jute bags (CJBs). A 2 months-long seed storage experiment with wheat (Triticum aestivum) grains exposed to 55%, 75%, and 98% relative humidity environments revealed that the grains stored in the WCJBs exhibited 7.5–4% lesser (absolute) moisture content than those in the CJBs. Furthermore, WCJBs-stored grains exhibited a 35–12% enhancement in their germination efficacy over the controls. This nature-inspired engineering solution could contribute towards reducing post-harvest losses in the developing world, where jute bags are extensively utilized for grain storage.

scholarly journals Conservation of Garcinia imberti Bourd. through seeds

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 243-251
Author(s):  
M Anto ◽  
M Angala ◽  
P S Jothish ◽  
C Anilkumar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Biosphere Reserve ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Evergreen Forests ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Subsequent Exposure

Garcinia imberti seeds were collected during 2015-2017 from Shangili, Cheenikkala and Bonaccord evergreen forests of Agasthyamala Biosphere Reserve, the only abode of this endangered endemic species. Germinability of seeds were analysed through decoating, Gibberellic acid (GA3) and light inductive pre-treatments on fresh (62.8 % moisture content; MC) and desiccated (fast; 23.3% MC and slow; 30.5 % MC) seeds. The seed germination with impermeable coat (0.7-1.2 mm) was restricted which on decoating got enhanced. Application of GA3 along with exposure to light breaked dormancy within 4-6 days compared to non-treated seeds that took 238-254 days to germinate. Stored seeds behaviour revealed that seed moisture content and rate of germination were negatively correlated. Seed storage was found to be more efficient only up to 80 days at controlled seed banking conditions (20 ± 20C, 20 % relative humidity; RH). Both fast and slow desiccated seeds stored for 60 days in seed bank conditions exhibited 50.4 and 43.4 % of germination compared 39.4% germination of non-desiccated seeds. Hence fast desiccated and decoated G. imberti seeds pre-treated with GA3 on subsequent exposure to light alleviated dormancy. For seed banking, fast desiccated seeds with MC in between 40-20% are found to be promising.

scholarly journals Drying and physiological quality of palheteira seeds (Clitoria fairchildiana R.A. Howard)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. e858998157
Author(s):  
Érica Coutinho David ◽  
Bressa Karolina Dias Cardoso ◽  
Josiene Amanda dos Santos Viana ◽  
Eniel David Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Quality ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Degraded Land ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Physiological Quality

Knowledge about seed storage behavior is important to preserve plant species. Clitoria fairchildiana R.A.Howard is an endemic species with medicinal properties, it is used in the recovery of degraded land. The objective of this study is to evaluate the effect of drying on the physiological quality of C. fairchildiana seeds. Seeds were oven dried along with silica gel for 18 days and in intervals of 2 or 3 days, samples were removed to assess the seed moisture content. This was done in an oven at 105±3 oC for 24h, using four replicates with 10 seeds each. After undergoing the above-mentioned treatment, a sample of seeds was stored in the freezer (-18 ºC) for 3 months. Sowing was carried out in plastic trays in a sand and sawdust mixture (1:1), previously sterilized in hot water (100 oC) for two hours. Seeds were left to germinate in a laboratory with no temperature and relative humidity control. Germination tests were performed over 14 days with daily counts of the number of emerged seedlings. The percentage of seed germination, abnormal seedlings and dead seeds were obtained 14 days after sowing. The experimental design was completely randomized with four replications of 25 seeds. The reduction of seed moisture content from 18.5% to 5.6% affected physiological seed quality causing a reduction in the germination percentage and an increase in dead seeds and abnormal seedling percentage. C. fairchildiana seeds are classified as intermediate and they can be desiccated up to 8.6% with no reduction in physiology quality.

scholarly journals Three-dimensional Models Represent Seed Moisture Content as a Function of Relative Humidity and Temperature

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (7) ◽  
pp. 1207-1209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Fang ◽  
Frank Moore ◽  
Eric Roos ◽  
Christina Walters
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Moisture Content ◽  
Citrullus Lanatus ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Selection Criterion ◽  
Seed Storage ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Seed Moisture Content ◽  
Seed Moisture ◽  
Three Dimensional Models

Seed moisture content (MC) has been considered the most important factor controlling physiological reactions in seeds, and MC changes with relative humidity (RH) and temperature (T). This relationship is revealed by studying the interaction of RH and T at equilibrium. Cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.), lettuce (Lactuca sativa L.), maize (Zea mays L.), onion (Allium cepa L.), pea (Pisum sativum L.), and watermelon (Citrullus lanatus M. & N.) seeds were equilibrated over sulfuric acid (1% RH) and various saturated salt solutions (5.5% to 93% RH) at temperatures from 5 to 50 °C. Best-fit subset models were selected from the complete third-order model MC = β0 + β1*RH + β2*T + β3*RH2 + β4*T2 + β5*RH*T + β6*RH3 + β7*T3 + β8*RH*T2 + β9*RH2*T, using Mallows' minimum Cp as the selection criterion. All six best subset models (R2, 0.98 to 0.99) had the same functional form, MC = β0 + β1*RH + β2*T + β3*RH2 + β5*RH*T + β6*RH3 + β9*RH2*T. Coefficients had essentially the same respective values among all species except onion and pea, for which some coefficients were statistically different from those of the other species (P ≤ 0.05). All models indicated that seed MC increased as RH increased and decreased as T increased; but RH had the greater influence. The inverse relationship between seed MC and T, although slight, was evident in the response surfaces. The interaction effect of RH and T on MC was significant at P ≤0.001. These results suggest that orthodox seed species respond similarly to T and RH. This in turn suggests that a common model could be developed and used for optimizing seed storage environments.

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