Controversial issues of clinical, laboratory and instrumental diagnostics of ovarian tumors of reproductive women (literature review)

GYNECOLOGY ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-13
Author(s):  
Nataliia M. Podzolkova ◽  
Vasilii B. Osadchev ◽  
Kirill V. Babkov ◽  
Natalia E. Safonova
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Modern Methods ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Women Literature ◽  
The Individual

The problem of differential diagnostic of benign and malignant tumors in the early stages is one of the most significant in practical gynecology. Now clear criteria for the diagnosis and screening of ovarian tumors are not developed. Early stages of disease are asymptomatic and even when first symptoms appeared, patients often dont consult a doctor or doctor doesnt recommend surgical treatment preferring dynamic observation. Modern diagnostic of ovarian tumors cant be based on one method of research and requires a whole complex of diagnostic measures which determines the individual plan of treatment in each case. The most modern methods for studying are complex using of biomarkers, including creation mathematical risk models of ovarian tumor malignancy, based on instrumental and laboratory techniques. Despite on the successes in the detection of ovarian tumors, it is needed to study new modern methods of early preoperative diagnostic in different age periods, and especially those women who planes realize reproductive function.

scholarly journals Modern Aspects of Etiology, Mechanisms, Pathogenesis and Diagnostics of Ovarian Formations

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
S. Abramova ◽  
K. Simfukwe ◽  
O. Gladkova ◽  
D. Grachev ◽  
D. Iseev
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Diagnostic Algorithm ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Differential Diagnostics ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Epithelial Lesions ◽  
Special Examination ◽  
Benign Ovarian Tumors

This review focuses on ovarian lesions. Ovarian tumors occupy the 3rd place among all tumors of the female genital organs, and 7th in the overall structure of malignant tumors, so the problem of timely diagnosis and treatment of ovarian lesions remains relevant. The share of benign ovarian tumors accounts for 70–80%. Among benign ovarian lesions, epithelial lesions are most common — tatami up to 16% and cystadenoma up to 22.8%. Histogenesis of ovarian formations is not fully understood, which explains the contradictions in the origin of a particular tumor. For the first time, features of the mechanisms of neoplasm formation have been described by A. Knudson et al., his team was one of the first to develop and publish the theory of ‘double strike’, interpreting the mechanisms for implementing sporadic and hereditary forms of neoplasms. Ovarian cancer — both on the part of the etiology and the clinical picture of a heterogeneous genetically determined pathology. The basis of the emergence of this group of tumors is the mutation of the genetic apparatus of the cell. Yes, indeed, the diagnostic search for ovarian masses is difficult, and there is a perception that it may also be delayed due to an asymptomatic or asymptomatic course of the disease. The complex of diagnostic measures for ovarian formations should include interviewing patients with anamnesis data collection, clinical and special examination. Thus, in modern conditions, the diagnostic algorithm for searching ovarian formations requires an integrated approach to identify ovarian formations at early stages of development, as well as to conduct differential diagnostics with subsequent determination of the morphological structure of the tumor.

Is thyroid surgery performed too often in Germany?

2015 ◽  
Vol 54 (03) ◽  
pp. 101-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. A. Verburg
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Thyroid Surgery ◽  
Needle Biopsy ◽  
Fine Needle Biopsy ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Fine Needle ◽  
Diagnostic Measures ◽  
Frequent Use ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
The Usa

SummaryThyroid surgery is one of the more common surgical procedures in Germany. This is in contrast with the situation in some other countries, where this procedure is performed comparatively rarely. In this paper the number of thyroid surgeries in Germany is compared with other western countries (Netherlands, USA, England). In contrast to e. g. the USA and England the number of thyroid surgeries in Germany is declining, however with approximately 109/100 000/year in 2012 is still elevated (Netherlands: 16/100 000/year, USA: at least 42/100 000/year, England: at least 27/100 000/year).Possible contributing factors to this higher number of thyroid surgeries in Germany are explored. These factors include iodine deficiency, the frequent use of advanced diagnostics such as ultrasound, insufficient use of preoperative diagnostic measures such as fine needle biopsy and the practice of “defensive medicine”. How much each of these factors contributes is however unclear.

Evaluation of concomitant gynecological pathology in group of patients of reproductive age with tumors and tumor formations

2020 ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
N. V. Spiridonova ◽  
A. A. Demura ◽  
V. Yu. Schukin
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Errors ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Predisposing Factor ◽  
Ovarian Tumours ◽  
Preoperative Diagnostic ◽  
Neoplastic Process ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Moment

According to modern literature, the frequency of preoperative diagnostic errors for tumour-like formations is 30.9–45.6%, for malignant ovarian tumors is 25.0–51.0%. The complexity of this situation is asymptomatic tumor in the ovaries and failure to identify a neoplastic process, which is especially important for young women, as well as ease the transition of tumors from one category to another (evolution of the tumor) and the source of the aggressive behavior of the tumor. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the history of concomitant gynecological pathology in a group of patients of reproductive age with ovarian tumors and tumoroid formations, as a predisposing factor for the development of neoplastic process in the ovaries. In our work, we collected and processed complaints and data of obstetric and gynecological anamnesis of 168 patients of reproductive age (18–40 years), operated on the basis of the Department of oncogynecology for tumors and ovarian tumours in the Samara Regional Clinical Oncology Dispensary from 2012 to 2015. We can conclude that since the prognosis of neoplastic process in the ovaries is generally good with timely detection and this disease occurs mainly in women of reproductive age, doctors need to know that when assessing the parity and the presence of gynecological pathology at the moment or in anamnesis, it is not possible to identify alarming risk factors for the development of cancer in the ovaries.

TUMOR GANAS OVARIUM RESIDIF METASTASIS KARSINOMA MUSIN KE UMBILIKUS, PERITONEUM, DAN CAIRAN ASITES TANPA DITEMUKAN TANDA KEGANASAN PADA PEMERIKSAAN HISTOPATOLOGIS PASCA OPERATIF SEBELUMNYA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 130-136
Author(s):  
Arif Fadillah ◽  
Andi Friadi
Keyword(s):  
Ovarian Carcinoma ◽  
Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Postoperative Chemotherapy ◽  
Definitive Treatment ◽  
Malignant Ovarian Tumor ◽  
Patient Will ◽  
Optimal Debulking

Background : Malignant ovarian tumor are still the number one cause of death and the second most  of incidents for gynecological malignant tumors. The principles of management of ovarian cancer are the same as the principles of handling other malignant diseases, for the treatment of primary lesions operatively and the handling of potential sites of tumor metastases with chemotherapy. Histopathological examination is still considered a gold standard for diagnosis and definitive treatment of malignant ovarian tumors. If histopathologic results are obtained, then the patient will be planned to undergo postoperative chemotherapy. The mismatch between the preoperative and intraoperative clinical features, and the results of postoperative histopathological examination is a problem in managing cases of ovarian malignant tumors.Objective : Report a case of residive ovarian carcinoma with no appearance of malignancy marker in the previous postoperative histopathological examination.Method : Case reportCase : We report the case of a 45-year-old woman with a history of two previous laparotomy. The first operation was carried out in February 2014 on the indication of an extra ovarian cyst, resulting in the impression of a "Follicular Cysts" based on histopathological examination. The second operation was performed in March 2015, performed surgical staging tumors with an indication of malignant ovarian tumors with clinical metastases, but from histopathological examination it was found that "Cystadenoma Ovarii Muscinosum Multiloculare" and "no visible signs of malignancy", so the patient was not managed with postoperative chemotherapy. In April 2019 patients came with complaints of new mass growth, from CT-Scan and USG investigations there was a suspicious impression of a residive ovarian tumor with metastases into the omentum and massive ascites. On May 16, 2019 an optimal debulking was performed with the findings of residive mass, ascites, and mass metastases in the intra operative peritoneum. From the results of histopathological examination, it was found that "Muscinous Carcinoma with metastases to the umbilicus, peritoneum, and ascitic fluidKeywords: Malignant residive ovarian tumor, mucinous ovarian carcinoma

MALIGNANT MELANOMA. EPIDEMIOLOGY, ANALYTICAL INDICATORS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF ONCOLOGICAL SERVICES (POPULATION-BASED STUDY)

2017 ◽  
Vol 63 (2) ◽  
pp. 221-233
Author(s):  
Vakhtang Merabishvili
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Melanoma ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Detailed Structure ◽  
Population Based Study ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
One Year ◽  
Melanoma Epidemiology

Malignant melanoma of the skin (MMS) is less than 2% (1.74%) among all malignant tumors in Russia but this is more than 10,000 (10236-2015) of new cases. It is important to monitor the trend in dynamics of morbidity and mortality from this cause. From 1995 to 2015 a number of MMS primary cases was more than doubled in absolute numbers and “crude” rates. A slightly smaller increase is indicated by standardized indicators - 62.5% for men and 70.2% for women. Annually in Russia 3670 people die from MMS (2015), which is 1.2% of all cancer deaths. In recent years the previously revealed regularities have been largely preserved: lower rates of specific gravity detected in the early stages among people in the elderly and senile and in a smaller proportion in this group who received special treatment. At the same time a change in the detailed structure of the incidence of women has been revealed where currently the leading localization of MMS was not the lower extremities but the back. The index accuracy improved however the official statistics of the distribution of patients by stages of a disease was significantly distorted (weight of the early stages was increased from the real values). The index of one-year lethality and survival was significantly improved.

scholarly journals Graphene and Reproduction: A Love-Hate Relationship

Nanomaterials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 547
Author(s):  
Marina Ramal-Sanchez ◽  
Antonella Fontana ◽  
Luca Valbonetti ◽  
Alessandra Ordinelli ◽  
Nicola Bernabò ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Reproductive Function ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Potential Toxicity ◽  
Good Tool ◽  
Vitro Fertilization ◽  
Number Of Publications ◽  
The Individual

Since its discovery, graphene and its multiple derivatives have been extensively used in many fields and with different applications, even in biomedicine. Numerous efforts have been made to elucidate the potential toxicity derived from their use, giving rise to an adequate number of publications with varied results. On this basis, the study of the reproductive function constitutes a good tool to evaluate not only the toxic effects derived from the use of these materials directly on the individual, but also the potential toxicity passed on to the offspring. By providing a detailed scientometric analysis, the present review provides an updated overview gathering all the research studies focused on the use of graphene and graphene-based materials in the reproductive field, highlighting the consequences and effects reported to date from experiments performed in vivo and in vitro and in different animal species (from Archea to mammals). Special attention is given to the oxidized form of graphene, graphene oxide, which has been recently investigated for its ability to increase the in vitro fertilization outcomes. Thus, the potential use of graphene oxide against infertility is hypothesized here, probably by engineering the spermatozoa and thus manipulating them in a safer and more efficient way.

scholarly journals Role of CA 19-9 in complex ovarian tumors

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhanya S. Thomas ◽  
Ajit Sebastian ◽  
Vinotha Thomas ◽  
Anitha Thomas ◽  
Rachel Chandy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Benign Tumors ◽  
Ovarian Mass ◽  
Radiological Findings ◽  
Epithelial Tumors ◽  
Mucin Glycoprotein ◽  
Glycoprotein Antigen ◽  
Mucinous Tumours

Background: Cancer antigen 19-9 (CA 19-9) is a tumor-associated mucin glycoprotein antigen that may be elevated in healthy individuals as well as in patients with benign and malignant tumors. It is useful in the management of pancreatic and other gastrointestinal tumors. CA 19-9 is also elevated in benign and malignant ovarian tumors. Aim: To study the pattern of serum CA19-9 in complex ovarian tumors. Methods: The study design was descriptive, based on data collected from medical records. Patients with a complex ovarian mass, who were investigated with CA 19-9 and had undergone surgery, wereincluded in the study. The study duration was 2 years from January 2014 to December 2015. A total of 273 patients (119 - benign and 154 malignant) with complex ovarian mass and elevated CA 19-9 underwent surgery during the study period. Results: CA 19-9 was elevated in 55 patients (20%). Of these, 23 patients had benign tumors while 32 had malignant tumors.Among patients with benign tumors, 21 had dermoid, 23 had mucinous tumors and 75 had other types of tumors. CA 19-9 was elevated in 10 (47.6%) of the dermoids, 7 (30.4%) of the mucinous tumors and 6 (8%) of the other benign tumors. Among patients with malignant tumors, 138 were epithelial and 16 were non epithelial tumors. Of the epithelial tumors, 31 were mucinous and 107 were non mucinous types. Overall, 29 (21%) had elevated CA 19-9. Of the epithelial tumors, 22.6% of the mucinous type and 20.6% of the non mucinous type had elevated CA 19-9. Among the non-epithelial tumors, 3 (18.8%) had elevated CA19-9. Conclusion: CA 19-9 is elevated in several conditions but most likely to be raised in dermoid cysts and mucinous tumours. CA19-9 levels need to be interpreted along with clinical and radiological findings.

Homelessness or Symbolic Castration? Subjectivity, Language Acquisition, and Sociality in Julia Kristeva and Jacques Lacan

Hypatia ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 69-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina Schmitz ◽  
Julia Jansen
Keyword(s):  
Language Acquisition ◽  
Jacques Lacan ◽  
Julia Kristeva ◽  
Early Stages ◽  
Patriarchal Society ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Forms Of Violence

How much violence can a society expect its members to accept? A comparison between the language theories of Julia Kristeva and Jacques Lacan is the starting point for answering this question. A look at the early stages of language acquisition exposes the sacrificial logic of patriarchal society. Are those forces that restrict the individual to be conceived in a martial imagery of castration or is it possible that an existing society critically questions those points of socialization that leave their members in a state of homelessness? The following considerations should help to distinguish between unavoidable and avoidable forms of violence.

scholarly journals Influence of the primary malignant tumor site on the incidence and features of metastatic ovarian tumors

2007 ◽  
Vol 64 (10) ◽  
pp. 691-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Stanojevic ◽  
Biljana Djordjevic ◽  
Danijela Zivanovic
Keyword(s):  
Malignant Tumor ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Menopausal Status ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Metastatic Tumors ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Primary Malignant Tumor ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Background/Aim. Ovary is the organ of the female reproductive system most commonly affected by metastases. The aim of the study was to determine the frequency and features of metastatic ovarian tumors (MOT) depending on the site of the primary malignant tumor. Methods. The study group consisted of 488 patients with histopathologically confirmed ovarian cancers treated at the Clinic of Oncology, Clinical Center Nis, in the period from 1 January 1998 to 31 December 2005. MOT were found in 41 patients. Regarding the site of the primary malignant tumor, those with secondary ovarian tumor were divided into two groups: group A - primary malignant tumor involving the genital organs (n = 30) and group B - primary malignant tumor of extragenital origin (n = 11). Results. MOT were confirmed in 8.40% (41/488) of the patients. Secondary ovarian malignancies were the consequence of endometrial carcinoma spreading in 73.17%, breast carcinoma in 19.51%, stomach carcinoma in 4.88% and colon carcinoma in 2.44% of the cases. No significant differences were found between the group A and group B by the factors of age, body mass index, parity and menopausal status. Contrary to the group A, metastatic tumors in the group B patients were more commonly asymptomatic (p < 0.001), bilateral (p < 0.05), with larger ovarian diameter (p < 0.05), associated with ascites (p < 0.001) and abdominal metastases (p < 0.01), all of statistical significance. Conclusions. Metastatic tumors made up 8.40% of ovarian neoplasmas. With non-genital primary tumors, secondary ovarian deposits were frequently asymptomatic, bilateral, associated with larger ovarian diameter, ascites and abdominal metastatic deposits, compared to malignant tumors of genital origin.

scholarly journals Ovarian tumors: Incidence, histological type of lesions and treatment in pediatric age group

2021 ◽  
Vol 75 ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Patrycja Sosnowska-Sienkiewicz ◽  
Piotr Nogal ◽  
Dawid Gawron ◽  
Korneliusz Wójcik ◽  
Danuta Januszkiewicz-Lewandowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Malignant Tumors ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Tumor Staging ◽  
Benign Lesion ◽  
Mature Teratoma ◽  
Malignant Lesion ◽  
Ovarian Tumors ◽  
Histological Type ◽  
Tumor Type

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence and histological type of lesions affecting the ovaries and to analyze employed methods of invasive treatment. Materials&Methods: Medical records of patients who were treated surgically for ovarian tumors in the years 2015 -2019 were reviewed. The study group was comprised of 31 female patients. Results: During 5 years time, there were 31 girls in the age from 3 months to 17 years hospitalized in the department. The mean age was 11 years. Histopathological examination was performed in all of these cases. 12 patients were diagnosed with malignant lesion, 19 with benign lesion. The most commonly diagnosed malignant tumors were a dysgerminoma and a mixed germ cell tumor. In the group of benign lesions, the most frequent tumor type was mature teratoma. The first occurring symptom was abdominal pain. Some of the lesions were diagnosed accidentally during ultrasonography. The diagnostics was expanded depending on the size of the tumor, staging and clinical condition of the patient. All the patients were treated surgically, 16 of them underwent laparoscopic surgery. Torsion of the ovary or oviduct was observed in 3 cases. Chemotherapy was introduced in 8 cases as complementary treatment. Conclusions: The most commonly diagnosed tumor was mature teratoma. Ultrasonography is the most frequent method of the ovaries’ examination. Ovarian lesions are characterized by non-specific clinical symptoms, which is associated with prevalent incidental detection during ultrasonography.

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