scholarly journals The effect of a multicomponent exercise program on cognitive function and functional ability in community dwelling older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haripriya S ◽  
Dhanesh Kumar K U ◽  
Sanjay Eapen Samuel ◽  
Ajith S
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Elderly Adults ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Significant Difference

Normal aging results in alterations in the structure and function of the brain, causing impairment in cognitive function and dependency in performing activities of daily living. A multicomponent physical activity program has been recommended to maintain physical and cognitive function in elderly individuals. The present study aimed at measuring the effect of such an exercise program on the cognitive function and activities of daily living(ADL) function in community dwelling elderly individuals. 52 elderly adults living in the community and ambulating independently were selected purposively and underwent a 10-week multi-component exercise program which included aerobic exercise, strength training, balance exercises and functional training. The participants were assessed using the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and Barthel Index(BI) at baseline and every two weeks up till 10 weeks. The data obtained was analysed usind descriptive statistics and t-test for finding the effect of the intervention program on the outcome measures. The results showed a significant difference in the pre- to post-intervention scores of both the outcome measures. A multicomponent exercise program was seen to be effective in improving the cognitive function and level of ADL activity in community dwelling elderly individuals. Such an exercise program should be recommended to all elderly adults in order to maintain their cognitive and overall functioning and to improve their productivity.

scholarly journals Concurrent and Construct Validity of Scores on the Timed Movement Battery

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 789-798 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gwenda L Creel ◽  
Kathye E Light ◽  
Mary T Thigpen
Keyword(s):  
Construct Validity ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Barthel Index ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Movement Speed ◽  
Elderly Individuals ◽  
Balance Scale

Abstract Background and Purpose. The Timed Movement Battery (TMB) is a new assessment tool designed to measure mobility in elderly individuals. “Mobility” was defined as a person's ability to maneuver his or her body independently in order to accomplish everyday tasks. The purpose of this study was to assess the concurrent and construct validity of scores obtained with the TMB as a measure of mobility in a group of elderly individuals who reported moderate or no difficulty in performing either basic or instrumental activities of daily living (BADL or IADL). Subjects. Thirty community-dwelling elderly people, with a mean age of 77.5 years (SD=7.0, range=65–92), participated in this study. Methods. Subjects responded to 2 questionnaires regarding their activities of daily living (ADL) (ie, Barthel Index and an 18-item ADL/IADL scale) and completed 3 assessments of mobility (ie, Berg Balance Scale, Timed “Up & Go” Test, and the TMB). Subjects were asked to perform the items on the TMB at a “self-selected” speed (their normal speed) and at a “maximum-movement” speed (as quickly as they could safely perform the items). Subjects' scores on the TMB were cross-correlated with data for 4 criterion tests (ie, Berg Balance Scale, Timed “Up & Go” Test, Barthel Index, and the 18-item ADL/IADL scale) using Spearman rank correlations and Pearson product moment correlations. Results. Composite scores of the TMB performed at self-selected speeds correlated highly with data for the criterion tests and differentiated between those subjects reporting difficulty with ADL and those reporting no difficulty. Conclusion and Discussion. These results support the validity of scores obtained with the TMB as a measure of mobility in this sample of elderly individuals with moderate or no reported difficulty with ADL.

scholarly journals Functional disability in community-dwelling elderly: the role of cataracts and contextual factors

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Larissa de Lima Borges ◽  
Fernanda Pains Vieira dos Santos ◽  
Valéria Pagotto ◽  
Ruth Losada de Menezes
Keyword(s):  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Functional Disability ◽  
Contextual Factors ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Mobility Data ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Disabled

Introduction Cataract arises as a risk factor for functional disability in elderly Objective: To determine differences in functional capacity and contextual factors associated with it in elderly affected and not affected by cataract and association between disability and cataracts.Methods A transversal-type observational study was carried out with 100 community elderly, divided into two groups: elderly affected (n = 50) and not affected by cataracts (n = 50). It was evaluated: activities of daily living (ADL) – Katz Index –, instrumental activities of daily living (IADL) – Lawton scale – and mobility – Short Physical Performance Battery. Functional disability was detected when the elderly were dependent or semi-dependent for one or more IADL or ADL and/or when they presented any difficulty in mobility. Data analysis included absolute and relative frequencies, Chi-squared or Fisher’s exact tests (p < 0.05) and Poisson regression.Results No statistically significant associations were observed between IADL, ADL or mobility disability and cataracts. A statistically significant difference was observed between the disabled elderly affected and not affected by cataract according to contextual factors for ADL regarding age (p = 0.037) and comorbidity (p = 0.037), for mobility regarding the practice of physical activity (p = 0.013), and for IADL (p = 0.001), ADL (p = 0.001) and mobility (p = 0.013) regarding the self-reporting of eyesight problems.Conclusions Besides cataracts, physical inactivity, comorbidity and functional aging itself are contributing factors to the process of disability in elderly, so, the physiotherapy is essential both to prevent as to reverse this process.

Exergaming as a tool to enhance strength, balance, gait, mobility, participation, self-efficacy for exercise and adherence in older adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A C Martins ◽  
J Quatorze ◽  
D Guia
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Functional Ability ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Step Test ◽  
Mobility Limitations ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Introduction It is projected that the number of adults aged 60 or above will be 1.4 billion in 2030 and 2.1 billion in 2050. With aging, mobility limitations can cause severe difficulties on being independent during activities of daily living. Exercise has been shown as effective to counteract the impact of aging, although it is hard to create adherence. Exergames, as they increase the appeal of exercise, show promising results in terms of participation and promotion of healthy behaviours. Objectives This study aimed at assessing the effectiveness of the Otago Exercise Program incorporated in FallSensing Exergames. Methodology Community-dwelling older adults aged 60 or over, were recruited from facilities in Coimbra, Portugal and randomized in two groups, 27 allocated to the intervention (IG) and 34 to the control (CG). Regular activities of daily living (CG) were compared to an Exergame program (IG). Assessments were made at baseline and re-assessments at 8 weeks/16 sessions, regarding strength, balance, walking speed, participation and self-efficacy for exercise. Results 61 older adults (77% female), mean ages were 82.22 (IG) and 87.26 (CG) years. After 8 weeks, CG demonstrated a decrease in functional ability. IG got improvement in Step test (p = 0.001), 4 Stage Balance Modified test (p = 0.001), Self-Efficacy for Exercise (p = 0.009) and Activities and Participation Profile Related to Mobility (p &lt; 0.001) questionnaires. Conclusion Exergaming was safe and effective in improving functional ability, participation and self-efficacy. Nevertheless, some considerations are necessary when prescribing an Exergames, mainly concerning frequency and intensity of the exercise program and participants’ age.

scholarly journals Behavioral Program and Exercise Training for Older Persons: Effect on Cardiorespiratory Fitness

2017 ◽  
Vol 2 (6) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Azliyana Azizan ◽  
Maria Justine ◽  
Noor Amiera Alias
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Older Persons ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Behavioral Program ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Cardio Respiratory Fitness

Active participation in exercise may help to improve physical and psychological functions for older people. Regretfully, most of them do not engage in long term exercise due to several barriers. This puts them at high risk of may chronic illness that will limit their activities of daily living. The aim of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the behavioral and exercise program on cardio respiratory fitness among 63 community-dwelling olders. At the end of six months, there is a significant difference for cardio respiratory fitness and exercise engagement. Thus, improved their overall quality of life.

scholarly journals Home physical exercise program: analysis of the impact on the clinical evolution of patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus

2019 ◽  
Vol 77 (12) ◽  
pp. 860-870
Author(s):  
Paulo Cesar Modesto ◽  
Fernando Campos Gomes Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Exercise ◽  
Activities Of Daily Living ◽  
Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt ◽  
Daily Living ◽  
Dynamic Balance ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Physical Exercises ◽  
Significant Difference

ABSTRACT Objective: To present a program of home physical exercises for patients with normal pressure hydrocephalus (NPH) and to evaluate adherence, acceptance and applicability; to verify possible changes in patients with NPH in the home physical exercise program, comparing patients with, and without, a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, regarding gait, quality of life, activities of daily living, static and dynamic balance and its impact on the risks of falling. Methods: This was a controlled clinical trial, with assessments in three moments (0, 10 and 18 weeks) at the home, from October 2015 to November 2017. Fifty-two patients (30 women and 22 men) participated in the study. Results: There was a statistically significant improvement with 10 weeks of home physical exercises for the groups with and without ventriculoperitoneal shunt, respectively, in the sub-items: activities of daily living p = 0.032*, p = 0.003*; static balance p < 0.001*, p < 0.001*; functional capacity p < 0.001*, p = 0.027*; and dynamic balance and gait p = 0.009*, p < 0.001*. There was no statistically significant difference for the subitems: quality of life p = 0.695, p = 1.000; and NPH grading scale p = 0.695, p = 1.000, respectively. Conclusion: The developed program of home physical exercise was easily applied and there was good acceptance by most patients with NPH included in the research. There was a statistically significant improvement with the 10 weeks of home physical exercises in the sub-items: activities of daily living, static balance and functional capacity, for both groups. In the sub-item dynamic balance and gait, there was a statistically significant improvement for both groups, but with a higher score for the group with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt. There was no statistically significant difference for the sub-items: quality of life, NPH grading scale and risk of falls, based on the Berg scale.

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