A Prospective Study On The Prevalence Of Retinal Lesions Among The Hypertensive Patients

To estimate the prevalence of retinal lesions among patients with hypertension. Hypertensive patients of both the genders above 18 years of age, who were willing to participate in the study, were included and patients who were having diabetes, previous retinal abnormalities and below 18 years of age were excluded from this study. The hypertensive patients were screened for the presence of retinal lesions and were categorised based on the severity of damage to the retinal arterioles and veins.In this study, about 876 patients who were diagnosed with hypertension were recruited and screened for retinal lesions. After screening, around 125 (14.3%) patients were observed with retinal lesions. In case of severity of retinal lesions in the hypertensive patients, most of the patients were found to be in Grade-I (40.8%) followed by Grade-II (37.6%). After treating with various types of treatment approaches, about 40 patients who were observed with retinal lesions of Grade-I severity were returned to a healthy state, and about 27 patients who were with retinal lesions of Grade-II severity were recovered to Grade-I. About six patients with retinal lesions of Grade-III was improved to Grade-II, and no patient recovered with the retinal lesions of Grade-IV severity.In this study, the prevalence of retinal lesions among the hypertensive patients was observed to be 14.3%, and the males were found to be more predominant with retinal lesions when compared to the females. The elevated blood pressure for a prolonged duration in hypertensive patients impacts the severity of retinal lesions increasing the risk of retinopathy. It is the responsibility of the clinical pharmacist to create awareness among the hypertensive patients regarding the occurrence of hypertensive retinopathy as it may cause severe complications if left untreated. Hence, regular follow-ups are required for hypertensive patients, which may help to prevent retinal complications.

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Aerobic and Anaerobic Bacterial Flora of the Maternal Cervix and Newborn Gastric Fluid and Conjunctiva: A Prospective Study

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.63.3.451 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 63 (3) ◽

pp. 451-455

Author(s):

Itzhak Brook ◽

Cynthia T. Barrett ◽

Charles R. Brinkman ◽

William J. Martin ◽

Sydney M. Finegold

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Newborn Infants ◽

Gastric Fluid ◽

Viridans Streptococci ◽

Prolonged Duration ◽

Bacteroides Fragilis Group ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Aerobic And Anaerobic ◽

Duration Of Pregnancy

Aerobic and anaerobic cultures were performed on cervical swabs from 35 mothers and their newborn infants' gastric aspirates and conjunctival sacs. Four hundred seventy-nine isolates were obtained; 287 were aerobes and 192 were anaerobes. The cervical and gastric cultures overall yielded a similar flora, but this was not always the case when one compared mothers with their own newborn infants. The conjunctival cultures yielded about half of the number of bacteria per specimen that the gastric contents yielded, and a repeat conjunctival culture done 48 hours later showed a marked reduction in the number of potentially pathogenic bacteria isolated. The predominant aerobes isolated were Staphylococcus epidermidis, diphtheroids, viridans streptococci and Haemophilus vaginalis. The predominant anaerohes were the Bacteroides fragilis group, Propionihacterium acnes, Peptococcus, other Bacteroides and Peptostreptococcus organisms. Statistical analysis revealed significant positive correlation between the isolation of certain groups of organisms and increased duration of pregnancy, increased baby's weight, and prolonged duration of labor.

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Prevalence of Primary Aldosteronism Across the Stages of Hypertension Based on a New Combined Overnight Test

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-1507-5226 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (07) ◽

pp. 461-469

Author(s):

Nick Voulgaris ◽

Ernestini Tyfoxylou ◽

Sophia Vlachou ◽

Evagelia Kyriazi ◽

Chris Gravvanis ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Arterial Hypertension ◽

Primary Aldosteronism ◽

Adrenocorticotropic Hormone ◽

Stage I ◽

Aldosterone Secretion ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

True Prevalence ◽

Normal Limits ◽

Aldosterone To Renin Ratio ◽

A Prospective Study

AbstractPrimary aldosteronism (PA) is the most common endocrine cause of arterial hypertension. Despite the increasing incidence of hypertension worldwide, the true prevalence of PA in hypertension was only recently recognized. The objective of the work was to estimate the prevalence of PA in patients at different stages of hypertension based on a newly developed screening-diagnostic overnight test. This is a prospective study with hypertensive patients (n=265) at stage I (n=100), II (n=88), and III (n=77) of hypertension. A group of 103 patients with essential hypertension without PA was used as controls. PA diagnosis was based on a combined screening-diagnostic overnight test, the Dexamethasone-Captopril-Valsartan Test (DCVT) that evaluates aldosterone secretion after pharmaceutical blockade of angiotensin-II and adrenocorticotropic hormone. DCVT was performed in all participants independently of the basal aldosterone to renin ratio (ARR). The calculated upper normal limits for post-DCVT aldosterone levels [3 ng/dl (85 pmol/l)] and post-DCVT ARR [0.32 ng/dl/μU/ml (9 pmol/IU)] from controls, were applied together to establish PA diagnosis. Using these criteria PA was confirmed in 80 of 265 (30%) hypertensives. The prevalence of PA was: 21% (21/100) in stage I, 33% (29/88) in stage II, and 39% (30/77) in stage III. Serum K+ levels were negatively correlated and urinary K+ was positively correlated in PA patients with post-DCVT ARR (r=–0.349, p <0.01, and r=0.27, p <0.05 respectively). In conclusion, DCVT revealed that PA is a highly prevalent cause of hypertension. DCVT could be employed as a diagnostic tool in all subjects with arterial hypertension of unknown cause.

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Effects of antihypertensive agents on the quality of life in diabetic hypertensive patients: A prospective study

Perspectives in Clinical Research ◽

10.4103/picr.picr_15_20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

pp. 0

Author(s):

RajKumar Bhardwaj ◽

HL Kazal ◽

Kamlesh Kohli ◽

Rajnish Raj ◽

Nagma Bansal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Prospective Study ◽

Antihypertensive Agents ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

A Prospective Study

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Association of Hypertensive Retinopathy with different serum lipid parameters in patients of Essential Hypertension: A Hospital Based Study

Journal of Nobel Medical College ◽

10.3126/jonmc.v7i2.22308 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 7 (2) ◽

pp. 50-57

Author(s):

Bishwa Nath Adhikari ◽

Pramod Sharma Gautam ◽

Binod Bekoju ◽

Sadhana Basnet ◽

Himlal Bhandari

Keyword(s):

Essential Hypertension ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Serum Lipid ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Serum Lipid Profile ◽

Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Medical College ◽

Department Of Ophthalmology

Introduction: Abnormalities in serum lipid and lipoprotein levels are recognized as major modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease and essential hypertension and retinopathy. So this study was conducted to evaluate the role of dyslipidemia on development of retinopathy in hypertensive patients and to establish the association of parameters of serum lipid profile with hypertensive retinopathy. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted in Ophthalmology Department among 135 patients in Nobel Medical College and Teaching Hospital (NoMCTH), Biratnagar who were diagnosed with essential hypertension. Patients having diabetes mellitus, myopia, hazy ocular media and other posterior segment disorders were excluded from the study. The detailed ophthalmic examination was carried out in department of ophthalmology, NoMCTH, Biratnagar and all the study population were investigated for fasting serum lipid profile. Result: Out of 135 patients with essential hypertension, 65.44% had retinopathy and remaining had no signs of retinopathy. Mean age of patients were 60.24 (±15.14) years. Although no gender preponderance was found with retinopathy but this study showed that hypertensive retinopathy increases significantly with increase in age and its incidence increases after the age of 60 years. Conclusion: The duration of hypertension was found to be strongly associated with development of hypertensive retinopathy. The increase in all the lipid profile parameters (Serum TG, TC, and LDL and LDL:HDL) and the obesity were found to be strongly associated with retinopathy in hypertensive patients.

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Hypertensive Retinopathy can Predict Severity of Coronary Artery Disease in Hypertensive Patients Presenting with Angina

Journal of Hypertension Open Access ◽

10.4172/2167-1095.1000251 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 07 (02) ◽

Author(s):

Hany T Asklany ◽

Khaled S Mohamed ◽

Mahmoud M Genidy ◽

Lamia Yassin

Keyword(s):

Coronary Artery Disease ◽

Coronary Artery ◽

Hypertensive Retinopathy ◽

Hypertensive Patients ◽

Artery Disease

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A prospective study with children whose mothers had dengue during pregnancy

Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de São Paulo ◽

10.1590/s0036-46651994000500005 ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 36 (5) ◽

pp. 417-421 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Luiz Tadeu Moraes Figueiredo ◽

Rita Helena Carlucci ◽

Geraldo Duarte

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Igg Antibodies ◽

Congenital Disease ◽

Igm Antibodies ◽

Healthy State ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Index Weight

Dengue congenital disease was not confirmed in 10 children whose mothers had the infection during pregnancy. The fetal sera presented anti-dengue IgG antibodies which progressively declined, and disappeared after 8 months. IgM antibodies to dengue were not observed in the sera. Other normal data suggesting the healthy state of the children included: absence of malformations, pregnancy time, Apgar index, weight, and placenta aspect

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PRIMARY UNREAMED NAILING IN GRADE I, II AND IIIA OPEN FRACTURES OF THE TIBIA SHAFT: A PROSPECTIVE STUDY OF THE OUTCOMES IN 80 PATIENTS

Journal of Musculoskeletal Research ◽

10.1142/s021895771850015x ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (03n04) ◽

pp. 1850015

Author(s):

S. K. Rai ◽

S. K. Nath ◽

Manoj Kashid ◽

Sunitkumar Wani

Keyword(s):

Prospective Study ◽

Bone Healing ◽

Deep Infection ◽

Tibial Shaft ◽

Shaft Fractures ◽

Unreamed Nailing ◽

Grade Ii ◽

A Prospective Study ◽

Mean Time ◽

Tibial Shaft Fractures

Introduction. To evaluate the incidences of union, nonunion and infection in the treatment of open tibial shaft fractures of Gustilo–Anderson types I, and IIIA treated with primary unreamed solid intramedullary locked nail (UTN). Materials and Methods. It is a prospective study of 80 open tibial shaft fractures. According to the AO classification, 36 patients (44%) were of type A, 29 (36%) were of type B and 15 (18%) were of type C. According to the Gustilo–Anderson classification, 31 patients (38.7%) were of grade I, 24 (30%) were of grade II and 25 (31%) were of grade IIIA. For the definitive stabilization of the fracture was used a UTN. Results. Bone healing was achieved in 98.4% of the cases, with a mean time of 24.2 weeks, ranging from 14 weeks to 110 weeks. Union without infection was seen in 70 patients (87%) and nonunion was seen in five patients (6%). Deep infection was seen in three patients (3.7%) and malunion was seen in two patients (2.5%). Conclusion. The treatment of open tibial shaft fractures with unreamed solid intramedullary locked nail allows high rates of bone healing and low rates of nonunion and deep infection, and if the presence of infection is excluded, then the results of unreamed nailing and reamed nailing are the same.

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