Disinfection Measures for COVID-19 ”Choice is Your’s – Be the Life Saver or the Killer”

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1640-1643
Author(s):  
Rupesh Sultane ◽  
Bharat Rathi
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Natural Evolution ◽  
Common People ◽  
The People ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

The novel SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year and has since caused a large scale COVID-19 epidemic and spread all over the world countries is the product of natural evolution. On 30th January 2020, World Health Organization (WHO) declared a public health disaster of international alarm over this global pneumonia epidemic. All the people are trying to prevent from coming in contact with coronavirus. Govt of India, and it's all allied organizations working together and trying hard to control it and avoid the situation of community transmission. Nationwide lockdown helped to control the transmission but after unlock it transmitted speedily in the community which is the alarming sign for everyone. In this review mode of transmission and disinfection measures are described thoroughly so that common people can understand its gravity and follow the measures stringently. 

COVID -19: Emerging out of the Pandemic Situation

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL1) ◽  
pp. 1400-1404
Author(s):  
Sakshi Kumeriya ◽  
Bharat Rathi ◽  
Renu Rathi ◽  
Mujahid Khan
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Protocol ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Common People ◽  
Current State ◽  
The World ◽  
Working Together ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
State Of Research ◽  
Health Organization

The novel SARS-CoV-2 Coronavirus that emerged in the city of Wuhan, China, last year and spread all over the world countries and caused the worst ever pandemic situation. This deadly virus held the entire world to be in high alert. Considering its seriousness, the World Health Organization declared a public health emergency of international concern. Govt. of India and its all allied organizations are working together and trying hard to control it and avoid the situation of community transmission. Nationwide lockdown helped to control the transmission but after unlock it transmitted speedily in the community, which is the alarming sign for everyone. In this review, the attempt is made to focus on published research articles on coronavirus disease, mode of transmission and disinfection measures, the current state of research, treatment protocol so those common people can understand its gravity and follow the measures stringently.

scholarly journals Development of an Android application for viewing Covid-19 containment zones and monitoring violators who are trespassing into it using Firebase and Geofencing

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ranajoy Mallik ◽  
Amlan Protim Hazarika ◽  
Sudarshana Ghosh ◽  
Dilip Sing ◽  
Rajib Bandyopadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Social Awareness ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Android Application ◽  
The People ◽  
The World ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Precautionary Measures ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization

Abstract The World Health Organization has declared the outbreak of the novel coronavirus, COVID-19 as pandemic across the world. With its alarming surge of affected cases throughout the world, lockdown and awareness (social distancing, use of masks etc) among people are found to be the only means for restricting the community transmission. In a densely populated country like India, it is very difficult to prevent the community transmission even during lockdown without social awareness and precautionary measures taken by the people. Recently, several containment zones had been identified throughout the country and divided into red, orange and green zones, respectively. The red zones indicate the infection hotspots, orange zones denote some infection and green zones indicate an area with no infection.This paper mainly focuses on development of an Android application which can inform people of the COVID-19 containment zones and prevent trespassing into these zones. This Android application updates the locations of the areas in a Google map which are identified to be the containment zones. The application also notifies the users if they have entered a containment zone and uploads the user’s IMEI number to the online database. With this IMEI number, the police can keep an eye on the people who are frequently violating the lockdown rules. To achieve all these functionalities, many tools and APIs from Google like Firebase and Geofence are used in this app. Therefore, this application can be used as a tool for creating further social awareness about the arising need of precautionary measures to be taken by the people of India.

scholarly journals UNIVERSAL DESIGN IN URBAN PUBLIC SPACES FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITY. CASE STUDY OF TEHRAN, IRAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Esfandfard ◽  
Mohammad Hussaini Wahab ◽  
Rohayah Che Amat
Keyword(s):  
Universal Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
World Health ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
The People ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
City District ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

Urban public spaces play important role in providing good quality of life to the people living in the city. This is in line with the social goal on sustainable development, which the purpose is to attain a higher social equity. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 15% of global population are disabled. During the eight-year war between Iran and Iraq, many of the victims in Iran were left disabled. The war left many people injured and this has significantly increased the impairment rate. Amongst the problems faced by people with disability in Tehran are difficulty traveling in the city, lack of public facilities and accessibility to particular facilities such as urban public spaces. This study first sought a definition of urban public spaces and Universal Design, and then finding solution for increasing interaction of people with disability in urban public spaces through Universal Design approach. This research was based on applied theory and qualitative method of field observation was engaged. One of the city district in Tehran was chosen for a case study. Based on the findings, urban design methods and solutions were suggested to increase the interaction and comfort of disabled people in urban public spaces.

scholarly journals Does Zero-COVID neglect health disparities?

2021 ◽  
pp. medethics-2021-107763
Author(s):  
Nancy S Jecker ◽  
Derrick K S Au
Keyword(s):  
Health Equity ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Short Term ◽  
The Us ◽  
Community Transmission ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Ethical Basis

Since the World Health Organization (WHO) first declared the novel coronavirus a pandemic, diverse strategies have emerged to address it. This paper focuses on two leading strategies, elimination and mitigation, and examines their ethical basis. Elimination or ‘Zero-COVID’ dominates policies in Pacific Rim societies. It sets as a goal zero deaths and seeks to contain transmission using stringent short-term lockdowns, followed by strict find, test, trace and isolate methods. Mitigation, which dominates in the US and most European nations, sets targets for community transmission and lifts restrictions once targets are met. This approach takes calculated risks and regards a certain amount of disease and death as ethically justified. Section I examines different societal responses to risk that underlie these different policy approaches. Section II focuses on ethical arguments favouring Zero-COVID and raises health equity objections. Section III proposes a long-term strategy that balances the twin goals of promoting population health and health equity.

scholarly journals A Computer Simulation Study on novel Corona Virus Transmission among the People in a Queue

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Santhosh Samuel Mathews
Keyword(s):  
Computer Simulation ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Virus Transmission ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Global Pandemic ◽  
The People ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The Impact

The World Health Organization (WHO) on March 11, 2020, has declared the novel Corona virus (COVID-19) outbreak a global pandemic. It is essential to understand how coronavirus transmits from one person to another and this knowledge will help protect the vulnerable and limit the spread of the Corona virus. The mode of respiratory transmission of Corona virus is not completely understood as of date. Using a computer simulation, this paper analyses the probability of spreading of Corona virus through air among the people who are standing in a queue. The parameters such as the diameter of the virus particle, room temperature, relative humidity, height of the person, distance between the people and the waiting time in the queue are considered in the computer model to determine the distribution of Corona virus and hence identify the risk factor of spreading the Covid-19. This paper describes the possibilities of getting infectious when a Covid-19 infected person present in a queue and the impact on the waiting time and the position in the queue on the transmission of Corona virus.

Novel corona virus-2019 (SARS CoV-2)

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Dwarakesh B ◽  
Ananda Deepak V ◽  
Asifa Nikhat M ◽  
Bhaskar Reddy K ◽  
Brito Raj S
Keyword(s):  
Virus Disease ◽  
Large Family ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Health Crisis ◽  
Medical Practitioners ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
The People ◽  
Serious Infection ◽  
Health Organization

Among disparate infectious diseases viral infection in particular challenges survival of mankind across the globe. By superseding those events, 2019 novel (CoVID-19) or SARS-CoV-2 has become a new human health crisis threatening the world. Corona viruses (CoV) are large family of viruses that affects birds and mammals. In humans, Corona virus can cause respiratory tract infection ranging from the common cold to more serious infection such as SARS (Severe acute respiratory syndrome), MERS (Middle East Respiratory Syndrome) and CoVID-19 (Corona Virus Disease 2019) which can also become lethal. The Novel corona virus (CoVID-19) originated in 2019, is a novel virus which has not been identified in humans since past. At present, the source of CoVID-19 is not known. Although the infection is presumed to be in origin, person to person transmission is evident. Many supportive and symptomatic therapies where being carried out by the Medical practitioners as per the instructions of World Health Organization (WHO) with a hypothesis and there is no evidence that it works against CoVID-19. best to lower the current crises of infection is prevention and many measures that boosts the immunity are following by the people as directed by the Ministry of AYUSH.

scholarly journals Six Commandments of Treatment Protocols During Covid-19 Pandemic in Dentistry

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Agung Sosiawan ◽  
Dian Agustin Wahjuningrum ◽  
Anuj Bhardwaj ◽  
Kratika Mishra ◽  
Sheetal Khandelwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Etiologic Agent ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Treatment Protocols ◽  
Corona Virus ◽  
Dental Practitioners ◽  
Area Of Concern ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

In December 2019, an outbreak in the city of Wuhan, Hubei China occurred and was named COVID- 19 by the World Health Organization and declared as a pandemic on January 30, 2020. The etiologic agent of acute respiratory disease is the novel corona virus 2019 (2019-nCoV) or the extreme acute respiratory syndrome corona virus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). During many dental operations, aerosols are produced and these aerosol methods, which are major problems for dentists, have become the main area of concern in dentistry. Dentists are at greatest risk since they are located close to the oropharynx. This study summarizes the effect of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) on dental care, administration, and emergency dental treatment service. It also identifies COVID-19 and explains about six commandments for dental practitioners during the treatment process to be practiced during the pandemic.

scholarly journals UNIVERSAL DESIGN IN URBAN PUBLIC SPACES FOR PEOPLE WITH DISABILITY. CASE STUDY OF TEHRAN, IRAN

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elnaz Esfandfard ◽  
Mohammad Hussaini Wahab ◽  
Rohayah Che Amat
Keyword(s):  
Universal Design ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
World Health ◽  
Applied Theory ◽  
The People ◽  
People With Disability ◽  
City District ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

Urban public spaces play important role in providing good quality of life to the people living in the city. This is in line with the social goal on sustainable development, which the purpose is to attain a higher social equity. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), 15% of global population are disabled. During the eight-year war between Iran and Iraq, many of the victims in Iran were left disabled. The war left many people injured and this has significantly increased the impairment rate. Amongst the problems faced by people with disability in Tehran are difficulty traveling in the city, lack of public facilities and accessibility to particular facilities such as urban public spaces. This study first sought a definition of urban public spaces and Universal Design, and then finding solution for increasing interaction of people with disability in urban public spaces through Universal Design approach. This research was based on applied theory and qualitative method of field observation was engaged. One of the city district in Tehran was chosen for a case study. Based on the findings, urban design methods and solutions were suggested to increase the interaction and comfort of disabled people in urban public spaces.

scholarly journals Pulmonary rehabilitation of patients with coronavirus infection COVID-19, clinical examples

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (5) ◽  
pp. 715-722
Author(s):  
N. N. Meshcheryakova ◽  
A. S. Belevskiy ◽  
A. V. Kuleshov
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Rehabilitation ◽  
Skeletal Muscles ◽  
International Committee ◽  
World Health ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Republic Of China ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
Novel Coronavirus ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
The City

At the end of 2019, an outbreak of a new coronavirus infection was identified in the People’s Republic of China centerd in the city of Wuhan. The official name COVID-19 (COronaVIrus Disease 2019) was assigned to the infection caused by the novel coronavirus by the World Health Organization on February 11, 2020. The International Committee on Taxonomy of Viruses assigned the name to the causative agent of the infection – SARS-CoV-2 on February 11, 2020. The bilateral pneumonia is currently known to be the most common clinical manifestation of the variant of coronavirus infection. The development of acute respiratory distress syndrome was found in 3 – 4% of patients. As a result of pneumonia, patients develop ventilation and perfusion disorders, weakness of skeletal muscles. To recover patients after viral pneumonia, methods of pulmonary rehabilitation should be applied. This article represents the methods of pulmonary rehabilitation aimed to improve the blood circulation in the lungs, the ventilation-perfusion ratios, and to the restoration of the skeletal muscles.

scholarly journals Case study of covid-19 in patients admitted to a campaign hospital in the city of recife: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
pp. 47958-47961
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Emergency Services ◽  
World Health ◽  
Field Hospital ◽  
Rapid Construction ◽  
Basic Characteristics ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The City

Since it was detected in November 2019, the new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), has been expanding across different continents, having been characterized as the cause of the COVID-19 pandemic by the World Health Organization (WHO) in 2020.This is a study descriptive and retrospective of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, hospitalized in a field hospital in the city of Recife in the period from April 2020 to September 2020. The Campaign Hospitals dedicated to the care of clinical patients, victims of infectious diseases, have the following basic characteristics: rapid construction, a large-scale temporary structure. From April 2020 to September 2020, 1,592 cases of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome were confirmed in the hospital evaluated. There were 1,502 notifications and among these 90 were not notified because they had already been notified in emergency services with positive results. Regarding the reported cases, 54% of the individuals were male and the most affected were the age group between sixty and sixty-nine years old 363(22.8%).SARS is a notifiable disease; therefore, all suspected cases must be reported and investigated by the health services using the standard Notifiable Diseases Information System (SINAN).This study may provide subsidies to understand the aspects involved in the occurrence of the disease, so that the prevention and coping with COVID-19 are consistent with the assistance provided by health surveillance.

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