scholarly journals Gingival health status in patients with and without anterior open bite: A case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 717-723
Author(s):  
Kuzhalvaimozhi P ◽  
Vignesh Ravindran ◽  
Subhashini V C
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Open Bite ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Anterior Open Bite ◽  
Posterior Teeth ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
The Difference

Open bite is the absence of vertical overlap of lower incisors by upper incisors when posterior teeth are in occlusion. An anterior open bite can cause periodontal damage which leads to gingivitis and periodontitis. To assess the gingival health status in patients with anterior open bite and also compares with patients without an anterior open bite. Retrospective data collected from 89,000 case records from June 2019 to March 2020. The present study consisted of 76 patients divided into two groups: patients with anterior open bite and patients without an anterior open bite. In both groups, the following parameters were recorded - Oral Hygiene Index - Simplified (OHI-S) and Plaque Index (Silness and Loe). OHI-S index and plaque index was similar in patients with and without an anterior open bite. Mean Plaque Index for case group (patients with anterior open bite) is 0.76, and Mean Plaque Index for control group (patients without the anterior open bite) is 0.78. Mean OHI-S Index for case group (patients with anterior open bite) is 0.51, and Mean OHI-S Index for the control group (patients without the anterior open bite) is 0.53. The difference was not statistically significant (P-value > 0.05). In this study, gingival health status in patients with and without an anterior open bite is low.

scholarly journals Gingival Health Status In Patients With And Without Anterior Crossbite: A Case Control Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1470-1476
Author(s):  
Kuzhalvaimozhi P ◽  
Vignesh Ravindran ◽  
Subhashini V C
Keyword(s):  
Health Status ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Plaque Index ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Anterior Teeth ◽  
Gingival Health ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
The Difference

Anterior crossbite is an anteroposterior malocclusion resulting from an abnormal axial inclination of maxillary anterior teeth. Anterior crossbite can cause periodontal damage leading to gingival recession.To assess the gingival health status in patients with an anterior crossbite, and also compare with patients without anterior crossbite.The present study consisted of 56 patients divided into two groups: patients with anterior crossbite and patients without anterior crossbite. 89000 Case sheets were reviewed from the dental treatment records for DMFT index in children with and without anterior crossbite from June 2019 to March 2020. In both groups, the following parameters were recorded - Oral Hygiene Index - Simplified (OHI-S) and Plaque Index (Silness and Loe).Mean Plaque Index for case group (patients with anterior crossbite) is 0.89, and Mean Plaque Index for the control group (patients without anterior crossbite) is 0.68. Mean OHI-S Index for case group (patients with anterior crossbite) is 0.46 and Mean OHI-S Index for the control group (patients without anterior crossbite) is 0.45. On the Mann-Whitney test, the difference was not statistically significant (P-value - 0.088 and 0.096).In this study, gingival health status in patients with anterior crossbite is poor compared with patients without anterior crossbite.

scholarly journals Dental caries experience in patients with and without anterior crossbite: A case-control study

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL3) ◽  
pp. 1208-1212
Author(s):  
Kuzhalvaimozhi P ◽  
Vignesh Ravindran ◽  
Subhashini V C
Keyword(s):  
Dental Caries ◽  
Dental Treatment ◽  
Caries Experience ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
Recorded Data ◽  
Spss Software ◽  
The Difference

Anterior crossbite is a type of malocclusion involving anteroposterior alignment, which results from an abnormal axial inclination of the anterior maxillary teeth. Dental caries is a chronic disease affecting patients and adults. Due to improper oral hygiene management in individuals with a crossbite, the incidence of caries could be higher. Hence a study was conducted to assess the dental caries status in patients with anterior crossbite and also compare with patients without anterior crossbite. The present study consisted of 56 patients divided into two groups: patients with anterior crossbite and patients without anterior crossbite. 89000 Case sheets were reviewed from the dental treatment records for DMFT index in patients with and without anterior crossbite from June 2019 to March 2020. In both groups, parameters such as Decayed- Missing - Filled (DMFT) score was recorded. Data were subjected to the Mann Whitney U test in SPSS software. Results showed higher DMFT score was seen in patients without anterior crossbite. Mean DMFT Index for case group (patients with anterior crossbite) is 2.04, and Mean DMFT Index for the control group (patients without anterior crossbite) is 2.93. The difference was not statistically significant (P-value - 0.072). Within the limitations of the study, dental caries status in patients with anterior crossbite is good compared with patients without anterior crossbite.

Acquired anterior open bite in adults

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Μερόπη Αρμάου
Keyword(s):  
Open Bite ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Anterior Open Bite

Εισαγωγή: Η Επίκτητη Πρόσθια Ανοιχτή Δήξη (ΕΠΑΔ) σε ενήλικες είναι μια συγκλεισιακή διαταραχή που χαρακτηρίζεται από σταδιακή απώλεια μασητικών επαφών, αρνητική κατακόρυφη πρόταξη, μειωμένη μασητική απόδοση και αισθητικές διαταραχές. Οδοντικές επαφές παρατηρούνται μόνο στους τελευταίους γομφίους. Ιδιαίτερο ενδιαφέρον προκαλεί το γεγονός πως εκμαγεία που προέρχονται από οδοντικούς φραγμούς ασθενών με ΕΠΑΔ, μπορούν να έρθουν σε μέγιστη συγγόμφωση αν αρθρωθούν με το χέρι. Η ΕΠΑΔ σε ενήλικες διαφοροποιείται από αυτή των ανηλίκων από την απουσία των αυξητικών λοβών στις κοπτικές ακμές των προσθίων δοντιών. Πρόσφατη αλλαγή στη σχέση άνω και κάτω οδοντικού τόξου και παρουσία σημείων αποτριβής στις κοπτικές ακμές των προσθίων δοντιών, σε ασθενείς με πρόσθια ανοιχτή δήξη αποδεικνύουν προϋπάρχουσα φυσιολογική σύγκλειση. Η αιτιολογία της ΕΠΑΔ δεν είναι τεκμηριωμένη, ενώ δύσκολα μπορεί να διερευνηθεί. Δεδομένου ότι η σχέση μεταξύ άνω και κάτω οδοντικού φραγμού ορίζεται από την κροταφογναθική διάρθρωση (ΚΓΔ) και το νευρομυϊκό σύστημα, οι έρευνες μπορούν να επικεντρωθούν σε δύο βασικούς ανατομικούς παράγοντες: τη συμμετρική αλλοίωση της ΚΓΔ ή τη δυσαρμονία του κρανιοπροσωπικού συμπλέγματος και της μυϊκής δραστηριότητας. Σκοπός: Δεν υπάρχει στοχευμένη έρευνα επί της αιτιολογίας ανάπτυξης της ΕΠΑΔ, επομένως είναι αδύνατη η πρόβλεψή της στο γενικό πληθυσμό. Οποιαδήποτε απόπειρα διερεύνησης πιθανών αιτιολογικών παραγόντων μπορεί να πραγματοποιηθεί μόνο αναδρομικά. Σκοπός της παρούσας ερευνητικής εργασίας ήταν η διερεύνηση της πιθανής συσχέτισης της ΕΠΑΔ σε ενήλικες με τη δομική ακεραιότητα της ΚΓΔ, τη θέση του κονδύλου εντός της κροταφικής γλήνης καθώς και τη συμμετρική διακονδυλική θέση εντός της γλήνης. Υπόθεση: Υπάρχει συσχέτιση μεταξύ αλλαγής των δομικών στοιχείων της ΚΓΔ και εμφάνισης ΕΠΑΔ. Άτομα με ΕΠΑΔ αναμένεται να παρουσιάζουν οστικές αλλοιώσεις της κεφαλής του κονδύλου και της κροταφικής γλήνης, συμμετρικά. Υπάρχει συσχέτιση μεταξύ ΕΠΑΔ και θέσης του κονδύλου εντός της κροταφικής γλήνης. Άτομα με ΕΠΑΔ δεν αναμένεται να εμφανίζουν ιδανική σχέση κονδύλου με τα τοιχώματα της κροταφικής γλήνης, συγκριτικά με μετρήσεις που προκύπτουν από ακέραιες ανατομικά και υγιείς παθολογικά αρθρώσεις από τη μελέτη των Ikeda and Kawamura (2009). Οι μετρήσεις αυτές χρησιμοποιήθηκαν ως Control Group. Άτομα με ΕΠΑΔ αναμένεται να εμφανίζουν συμμετρική διακονδυλική θέση εντός της γλήνης. Μέθοδος: Πενηντα-επτά άτομα με ΕΠΑΔ συγκεντρώθηκαν από τα ηλεκτρονικά αρχεία ιδιωτικής οδοντιατρικής κλινικής. Επιλέχθηκαν μόνο ασθενείς ηλικίας 20 ετών και άνω, ώστε να διασφαλιστεί η πλήρης ανατομική διαμόρφωση της ΚΓΔ. Για 28 μόνο άτομα, από το σύνολο των ασθενών με ΕΠΑΔ, υπήρχε πρόσβαση σε ψηφιακά αρχεία υπολογιστικής τομογραφίας κωνικής δέσμης ΚΓΔ. Η ηλικία των ασθενών κυμαινόταν από 20 έως 61 έτη με μέση τιμή τα 35,93 έτη. Δύο ασθενείς ήταν άνδρες με μέση ηλικία τα 36,5 έτη και 26 ήταν γυναίκες με μέση ηλικία τα 36,5 έτη. Ένας έμπειρος προσθετολόγος μελέτησε τις υπολογιστικές τομογραφίες των ΚΓΔ, ξεχωριστά για κάθε πλευρά ασθενούς και κλήθηκε να αξιολογήσει τα παρακάτω απεικονιστικά χαρακτηριστικά: Ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά: αλλαγές στον όγκο του κονδύλου και οστικές αλλαγές στην κροταφική γλήνη. Κλίμακα τριών διαβαθμίσεων (0, 1 και 2) χρησιμοποιήθηκε για τον προσδιορισμό του βαθμού αλλοίωσης της κεφαλής του κονδύλου και της κροταφικής γλήνης σε τρία διαφορετικά παράλληλα οβελιαία επίπεδα με ενδιάμεση απόσταση μεταξύ αυτών τα 4 χιλ. Ποσοτικά χαρακτηριστικά: Η ανάλυση του διάρθριου χώρου πραγματοποιήθηκε σε τρεις θέσεις του κονδύλου (πρόσθια (Α), άνω (S) και οπίσθια (P)) σε τρία παράλληλα οβελιαία επίπεδα, με ενδιάμεση απόσταση 4 χιλ. μεταξύ αυτών. Επιπλέον των αρχικών μετρήσεων υπολογίστηκε η διαφορά A-P, οι λόγοι A/P, S/A, S/P και η λογαριθμική αναλογία του διαθέσιμου αρθρικού χώρου (εξίσωση Pullinger) για κάθε κόνδυλο και για κάθε οβελιαία παράλληλο. Αποτελέσματα: Ποιοτικά χαρακτηριστικά: Η πλειοψηφία των ατόμων εμφανίζει δομικά ακέραιες αρθρώσεις ή ήπιες οστικές αλλοιώσεις. Σύμφωνα με τη στατιστική επεξεργασία, παρατηρείται συμμετρία ως προς τις οστικές αλλοιώσεις μεταξύ δεξιάς και αριστερής ΚΓΔ στο ίδιο άτομο. Ποσοτικά χαρακτηριστικά: Η απόσταση κονδύλου με το πρόσθιο αρθρικό τοίχωμα σε ασθενείς με ΕΠΑΔ εμφανίζεται αυξημένη σε βαθμό στατιστικά σημαντικό (P value: 0.001), τόσο για τη δεξιά όσο και για την αριστερή ΚΓΔ. Το ίδιο ισχύει και για την απόσταση του κονδύλου με την οροφή της κροταφικής γλήνης (P value: 0.035) στην αριστερή ΚΓΔ (τα αποτελέσματα αυτά βασίζονται στις μετρήσεις της κεντρικής οβελιαίας τομής του κονδύλου μόνο). Από τις συγκρίσεις των μετρήσεων μεταξύ δεξιάς και αριστερής ΚΓΔ, διαπιστώνεται συμμετρική θέση των κονδύλων εντός της γλήνης. Η μόνη στατιστικά σημαντική ασυμμετρία διαπιστώθηκε στη σχέση των έσω πόλων των κονδύλων με το άνω αρθρικό τοίχωμα. Συμπεράσματα: Η απόσταση κονδύλου με πρόσθιο αρθρικό τοίχωμα σε ασθενείς με ΕΠΑΔ εμφανίζεται μειωμένη σε βαθμό στατιστικά σημαντικό, τόσο για τη δεξιά όσο και για την αριστερή ΚΓΔ, καθώς και για την απόσταση του κονδύλου με την οροφή της κροταφικής γλήνης στην αριστερή μόνο ΚΓΔ. Παρά την αυξημένη απόσταση με το πρόσθιο τοίχωμα, οι ασθενείς με ΕΠΑΔ διατηρούν φυσιολογική απόσταση με το οπίσθιο τοίχωμα σύμφωνα με τις τιμές αναφοράς των Ikeda και Kawamura (2009), επομένως θα μπορούσε να υποτεθεί πως δεν υπάρχει οπίσθια παρεκτόπιση του κονδύλου, αλλά περιστροφική κίνηση η οποία οδηγεί σε αυξημένη πρόσθια απόσταση εξ αιτίας της ανατομίας της κεφαλής του κονδύλου. Η πλειοψηφία των ατόμων με ΕΠΑΔ εμφάνισε δομικά ακέραιες αρθρώσεις ή ήπιες οστικές αλλοιώσεις, καταλήγοντας πως οι δομικές αλλαγές της ΚΓΔ αποτελούν ικανή αλλά όχι και αναγκαία συνθήκη για την ενεργοποίηση και εξέλιξη της πρόσθιας ανοιχτής δήξης. Επιπλέον παρατηρείται συμμετρία ως προς τις οστικές αλλοιώσεις μεταξύ δεξιάς και αριστερής ΚΓΔ στο ίδιο άτομο. Από τις συγκρίσεις των μετρήσεων μεταξύ δεξιάς και αριστερής ΚΓΔ, διαπιστώνεται συμμετρική θέση των κονδύλων εντός της γλήνης, ενώ η μόνη στατιστικά σημαντική ασυμμετρία διαπιστώνεται στη σχέση των έσω πόλων των κονδύλων με το άνω αρθρικό τοίχωμα. Η ασυμμετρία αυτή θα μπορούσε να οφείλεται στο γεγονός ότι τα ανατομικά σημεία αναφοράς για την αξιολόγηση της μορφολογίας των κονδύλων πέραν των 3,5 χιλ από το μετωπιαίο κέντρο του, παύουν να είναι ευκρινή.

A Case Control Study on Serum Level of Micronutrients in Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis Patients in Mymensingh, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Md Shahadath Hossain ◽  
Md Muzibar Rahman ◽  
ASM Shahidullah ◽  
Bina Sen ◽  
Md Rafiqul Hoque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Serum Zinc ◽  
Serum Copper ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Decompensated Liver Cirrhosis ◽  
The Difference ◽  
End Stage

Liver cirrhosis is an end stage condition of liver disease and the leading cause of death for both men and women all over the world. It causes death due to acute or chronic gastrointestinal blood loss & multi organ failure. The aim of the study is to evaluate the serum Copper, Zinc and Iron levels in patients with liver cirrhosis. A total 120 subjects were included in this study. Among them, 60 diagnosed decompensated liver cirrhosis patients denoted as case group (n=60) and 60 were normal healthy individuals denoted as control group (n=60), both the case and control groups were male because liver cirrhosis occurs rarely female in Bangladesh. The subjects were briefed and written consents were taken. Under all aseptic precaution 5 ml of venous blood was collected from median cubital vein, analysis was carried out in the Department of Biochemistry, Mymensingh Medical College, Mymensingh, over a period of one year from July 2015 to June 2016. All statistical analysis was performed by SPSS windows package, version 20. Significance of the difference between two groups were evaluated by using student's unpaired 't' test. All the values were expressed as mean ± SD and P value 0.05 was taken as the level of significance. After careful evaluation, in the present study we found significant increase in the serum Copper levels and significant decreases in the serum Zinc and Iron levels in liver cirrhosis patients when compared with that of control group. It can be concluded that to overcome fatal consequences of decompensated liver cirrhosis patients we should avoid high Copper containing food provides Zinc and Iron supplementation as well as blood transfusion may be beneficial. CBMJ 2019 July: Vol. 08 No. 02 P: 10-16

scholarly journals Association of interleukin-17A rs2275913 polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis susceptibility in Sudanese population

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. 205031212110202
Author(s):  
Rgda Mohamed Osman ◽  
Mounkaila Noma ◽  
Abdallah Elssir Ahmed ◽  
Hanadi Abdelbagi ◽  
Rihab Ali Omer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rheumatoid Arthritis ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Statistical Tests ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Molecular Technique ◽  
Interleukin 17A ◽  
Significant Difference

Objectives: Rheumatoid arthritis is a chronic inflammatory autoimmune disease. This study aimed to determine the association of interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphism with rheumatoid arthritis in Sudanese patients. Methods: A case–control study was conducted between March and December 2018. Clinical and demographic data of the study participants were collected and analyzed. Polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism molecular technique was done to investigate interleukin-17A-197G/A polymorphisms. All statistical tests were considered statistically significant when p < 0.05. Results: The study population included 266 participants aged between 1 and 85 years, with an average of 40 years, classified into 85 (31.2%) cases (mean age 48.5 ± 11.3 years), and 181 (68.8%) controls (mean age 35.3 ± 15.9 years). The interleukin-17A homozygote AA genotype was more frequent among the control group compared to the case group; 95 (52.5%) and 7 (8.2%), respectively. The homozygote GG and the heterozygote AG genotypes were proportionally not different among the cases and control groups; 13 (54.2%) and 11 (45.8%), and 65 (46.4%) and 75 (53.6%), respectively. According to the distribution of interleukin-17A genotypes, a statistically significant difference was observed among cases with the interleukin-17A AA and AG genotypes, p values 0.001 and 0.004, respectively. For the association interleukin-17A genotypes and family history a negatively significant association was reported (95% confidence interval, –0.219, p value = 0.001). There was also a negatively significant association of interleukin-17A genotypes and anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide (95% confidence interval, −0.141, p value = 0.002). Conclusion: This study is the first study in Sudan established the association between interleukin-17A-197G/A (rs2275913) polymorphisms and susceptibly to rheumatoid arthritis. These findings appeal for further research in Sudan to investigate the exact role of IL-17A in immunopathology and disease severity among Sudanese rheumatoid arthritis

scholarly journals Factors Related to the Incidence of Typhoid Fever in the Work Area Health Office of Jayawijaya Regency

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Rahmad Suryawan Ura ◽  
Yuly Peristiowati
Keyword(s):  
Typhoid Fever ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
District Health Office ◽  
District Health ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Work Area ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Test Result

Typhoid fever is a disease that is prone to occur in Indonesia, because of the characteristics of the climate that is very prone to diseases related to the seasons. The purpose of this study is to analyze factors related to the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. The research design used is quantitative analytics method using quantitative data. The type of approach used is case control. The population is 74 patients with typhoid fever. The large sample taken as many as 37 respondents, with a large comparison of samples between the number of respondents in the case group is 37 respondents, and 37 respondents as a control group, so the total number of samples is 74 respondents. Sampling techniques used in this study is a simple random sampling technique. Based on the results of the study, it is known that there is no relationship between age and the incidence of typhoid fever in the Working Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-Value Sig (0.445) > α (0.05). While it is known that there is a relationship between the level of knowledge, the level of education, hygiene of individual respondents with the incidence of typhoid fever in the Work Area of the Health Office of Jayawijaya Regency. Chi-square test results obtained p- value (0.000) < α (0.05) and environmental sanitation with the incidence of Typhoid Fever in the Work Area of the Jayawijaya District Health Office. Chi-square test result obtained p-value (0.001) < α (0.05). Based on the results of the study is expected to increase kinship with patients as well as by providing health services visits to the patient's home.

scholarly journals Association of single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the ESR2 and FSHR genes with poor ovarian response in infertile Jordanian women

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-79
Author(s):  
Amer Mahmoud Sindiani ◽  
Osamah Batiha ◽  
Esra’a Al-zoubi ◽  
Sara Khadrawi ◽  
Ghadeer Alsoukhni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Ovarian Response ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Poor Ovarian Response ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Number Of Patients

Objective: Poor ovarian response (POR) refers to a subnormal follicular response that leads to a decrease in the quality and quantity of the eggs retrieved after ovarian stimulation during assisted reproductive treatment (ART). The present study investigated the associations of multiple variants of the estrogen receptor 2 (ESR2) and follicle-stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) genes with POR in infertile Jordanian women undergoing ART.Methods: Four polymorphisms, namely ESR2 rs1256049, ESR2 rs4986938, FSHR rs6165, and FSHR rs6166, were investigated in 60 infertile Jordanian women undergoing ART (the case group) and 60 age-matched fertile women (the control group), with a mean age of 33.60±6.34 years. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were detected by restriction fragment length polymorphism and then validated using Sanger sequencing.Results: The p-value of the difference between the case and control groups regarding FSHR rs6166 was very close to 0.05 (p=0.054). However, no significant differences were observed between the two groups in terms of the other three SNPs, namely ESR2 rs1256049, ESR2 rs4986938, and FSHR rs6165 (p=0.561, p=0.433, and p=0.696, respectively).Conclusion: The association between FSHR rs6166 and POR was not statistically meaningful in the present study, but the near-significant result of this experiment suggests that statistical significance might be found in a future study with a larger number of patients.

scholarly journals Investigating a Newly Developed Educational Orthopedic Application for Medical Interns in a Before-after Quasi-clinical Trial Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahla Daliri B.O. ◽  
Hassan M. Majd ◽  
Ali Moradi
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Medical Knowledge ◽  
Correlational Analysis ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Final Exam ◽  
Vas Scores ◽  
Medical Interns ◽  
Exam Scores

Abstract Background In COVID 19 era, the literature on e-learning, or particularly m-learning, has considerably increased focusing on the subject of medical knowledge transfer. Considering the importance of orthopedic knowledge for general practitioners and the inadequacy of the orthopedics internship duration in Mashhad University of Medical Sciences (MUMS), we have developed and investigated a smartphone orthopedic educational application named “Orthobox”. Methods In a quasi-clinical before-after trial study, we investigated the benefits of Orthobox application for medical interns attending MUMS orthopedic departments. A total of 120 students (64 and 56 students in control and case groups respectively) were recruited. The application consists of five main parts of medication, common order samples, common prescriptions, cast and splint types, and educational movies. Students who passed the course without getting access to the application (control group) and students who were also using application during the course (case group) were defined, and comparison was done between them objectively through final exam score comparison and subjectively through Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) questionnaire score comparison. Besides, using case group students’ activity report provided by the application panel, correlational analysis was done on their amount of activity on each of the main parts of the application and the corresponding question exam and VAS score separately. Results The case group of the study generally achieved higher final exam scores, mainly on Order question score (P value<0.001). Total VAS scores were also greater in case group (P value =0.001). It has also been identified that there is a notable positive trend between student’s amount of usage of the application and their final exam scores through correlational analysis. This correlation was not significant about students’ application visit numbers and VAS scores. Conclusion These results suggest that m-learning has got the potential to improve students’ medical knowledge and skills by organizing must-to-learn content specified for intern students of orthopedics on one hand, and cause more satisfaction in students about their education on the other hand. Trial registration This study was not registered because it is a quasi-clinical trial study. Level of evidence Level III (Evidence obtained from well-designed controlled trials without randomization (i.e. quasi-experimental).

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF BASIC LIFE ASSISTANCE TRAINING (BHD) ON MOTIVATION AND DEMEANOUR OF CLASS XI STUDENTS IN RESCUING TRAFFIC ACCIDENTS IN SMA NEGERI 2 TENGGARONG

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-47
Author(s):  
Indah Nur Imamah ◽  
Alfi Ari Fakhrur Rizal ◽  
Milkhatun Kalimantan Milkhatun
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Life Support ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
T Test ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Public Attention ◽  
The Public ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

Traffic accidents are one of the public health problems that affect all sectors of life. The phenomenon of traffic accidents so far has not received much public attention as a cause of death. The increase in mortality rates that occur on the highway is very high and quite a concern and vigilance for the community. This usually happens one of them because the Indonesian people do not know how to help victims who are good and right when finding victims. As a result most of actions is wrong, so  it can add to injury and  death. This study aims to determine the effect of basic life support (BLS) training on the motivation and demeanour of class XI students in rescuing  traffic accidents in SMA Negeri 2 Tenggarong. This study uses a quasy experimental method of pre and post design with a control group. Proportional stratified random sampling technique with a sample of 78 students and data collection using a questionnaire sheet. Data that was analyzed by paired t test in each group showed a p-value of 0,000 <0.05, meaning that there was a statistically change in motivation and attitude between before and after treatment in the form of BLS training for class XI students at SMAN 2 Tenggarong.  The result is not much different from the independent t test which showed p-value 0,000 <0.05, which means there is a statistically different demeanour between the difference before and after treatment in the form of BLS training in the control and intervention groups. The results showed that there was a statistically significant change in motivation and demeanour between before and after the BLS training was given to the motivation and demeanour of class XI students at SMAN 2 Tenggarong with a p-value of 0,000 <0.05.

scholarly journals Association between family history and the onset age of essential hypertension in Han population in Shanghai China

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
li anle ◽  
Qian Peng ◽  
Yue Qin Shao ◽  
Yi Ying Zhang ◽  
Fang Xiang
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Family History ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Nuclear Family ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Case Group ◽  
Onset Age ◽  
Han Population ◽  
The Difference

Abstract Importance Genetic factors are important influencing factors of essential hypertension, and family history (FH) is an important marker of genetic factors. Objective To explore the association between family history and the onset age of essential hypertension in Han population in Shanghai China. Methods According to l:l matched pairs design，342 precursor of hypertension and 342 controls were selected and investigate their nuclear family members in the case-control study. The diagnostic information of hypertension in all relatives of these two groups was investigated. The method of genetic epidemiology research was used to explore the effect of family history. Results The average prevalence of hypertension was 23.32%. The prevalence of hypertension of first-degree relatives was 33.99%; the prevalence of second- degree relatives was 17.60%; the prevalence of third-degree relatives was 13.51%. All prevalence of hypertension of case group relatives were significantly higher than that of control group relatives. The average onset age in population with positive FH is 48.74±11.16 years old, and the average onset age in population with negative FH is 54.38±9.87 years old. The difference about two FH groups showed statistically significant (t=4.589, P<0.001). The average onset age of offspring with father, mother, grandpa, grandma, maternal grandpa or maternal grandma positive was respectively 48.42± 11.16, 49.16±11.12, 39.55±11.95, 39.88±11.90, 43.67±9.77 or 43.64±10.21 years old; and the average onset age of children with father, mother, grandpa, grandma, maternal grandpa or maternal grandma negative was respectively 51.90± 10.81, 51.17±11.04, 51.07±10.59, 51.08±10.60, 50.50±11.09 or 50.57±11.06 years old. The difference about two groups showed statistically significant. Conclusion Family history has a positive effect on the occurrence of hypertension, and lead to earlier age of onset of offspring. The effects are different among parent and grandparent in Han in Shanghai China.

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