scholarly journals Problems of Muses Education in the Ancient Cities of the Northern Black Sea Coast

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Social Background ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Teaching Music ◽  
Teaching Grammar ◽  
Of Greece

The article deals with the problems of education and upbringing in the ancient cities of the Northern Black Sea Littoral. Literary, epigraphic and material data sources characterizing the muses education are systematized. Namely: the study of grammar, literature, arithmetic, music. The inscriptions that can be considered as school exercises, texts of epitaphs, messages from ancient authors, archaeological materials, including funerals are analyzed. The material of the graffiti shows the peculiarities of teaching grammar and literature, the process of forming a unified system for writing throughout the Northern Black Sea Littoral. The process of teaching music and dance is still poorly covered in literature. A wide range of iconographic and archaeological materials have been used to expose this aspect of muses education. According to the author, the content and forms of education in the cities of the Northern Black Sea region were generally the same as in the cities of Greece itself. The possibility of obtaining the highest level of education from the local elite is emphasized. That is confirmed by the data on eminent philosophers from the Northern Black Sea region, such as Bosporan Sopheid, Bion Borisfenit, Posidonius Olviopolit and others. The following forms of organization of school education are considered: questions of school premises and educational accessories, methods of teaching and education, social background of students and teachers. The role of muses agonists and religious holidays as forms of quality control of education is shown. The connection of musical education with physical preparation and influence of political structure of the states on the development of education are considered.

scholarly journals THEORETICAL AND METHODOLOGICAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE ECOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL STUDY OF THE SOIL COVER OF THE CENTRAL PART OF THE NORTHERN BLACK SEA COAST

2017 ◽  
pp. 49-53
Author(s):  
V. Stetsyuk ◽  
E. Veselova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Soil Formation ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
First Time

The questions of possibilities of ecological and geomorphological study of the soil formation, using and transformation of soil cover northern Black Sea region in the context of theoretical ideas general geomorphology are shown. The significant role of the relief as a factor of soil formation and as a factor, that leads to the spreading of soils in nature (the law of vertical zoning) is noted. It allows us to assert that the formation of soil science as a science began; the relief is included in the range of its objects of investigation, the scientific interweaving of soil and geomorphological ideas. In article the role of the basic properties of the relief – morphology, genesis, age and dynamics, as well as the general conditions in the geographic possibilities of interpretation at the establishment of the laws of the formation of the general properties of the soil cover of the region are analyzed. It is indicated that an attempt to depart from the traditional approaches to the study of geographical objects, to study the soil cover precisely from the position of the subject of geomorphology are the methodological principles of geomorphological science. The role of morphological and morphometric properties of the relief of the earth’s surface in relations with the soil cover, regional differences in the morphometric parameters of the relief of the earth’s surface, the role of the genesis of certain forms of the relief of the earth’s surface in the formation and changes in the soil cover, the influence of the relief age on the formation of the soil cover, earth`s surface in changes in soil properties are represented. This material show`s that the basis for our comprehensive geomorphological and soil studies of the territory of the Northern Black Sea Region, which for the first time illustrates the possibility of using the theoretical and methodological foundations of general geomorphology in the study of the origin, spread, degradation and protection of the soil cover of Ukraine’s most important agricultural region.

scholarly journals Atlas of the inhabitants of the pseudo-littoral of the Sea of Azov – Black Sea coast of Crimea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. G. Kopiy ◽  
◽  
L. V. Bondarenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Sea Of Azov ◽  
Species Determination ◽  
Study Region ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Sea Of Azov ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Sea Coast

The pseudo-litoral zone of the Crimean coast of the Black Sea region was explored. The study areas were located in the latitudinal direction from the extreme western point – the coast of Yarylgach Bay (the village of Mezhvodnoe) – to the extreme eastern point – Cape Takil. A study of the macrozoobenthos of the pseudo-litoral zone of the Sea of Azov was carried out in Rifov Bay and in three bays of the Kazantip Natural Reserve. The studied areas differed not only in hydrological and hydrochemical characteristics, but also in the degree of anthropogenic load. According to our data, in the pseudo-litoral zone of the Sea of Azov – Black Sea coast of Crimea, macrozoobenthos was represented by the following taxonomic groups: Polychaeta (33 species), Crustacea (36), and Mollusca (18). Representatives of Ascidiacea, Platyhelminthes, Nemertea, Oligochaeta, Pycnogonida, and Chironomidae were also registered, and their species determination was not carried out for a number of reasons; nevertheless, their presence was noted at the studied stations. Data on the distribution, ecology, and biology of species found in the study region are presented.The book will be interesting for hydrobiologists, zoologists, ecologists, students of biological faculties, and a wide range of readers.

Georgian Historians and the Ideological Confrontation Between East and West

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 153-164
Author(s):  
George Gotsiridze
Keyword(s):  
Soviet Union ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The Soviet Union ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Science And Culture ◽  
East And West

The work, on the one hand, highlights the mission of Europe, as an importer of knowledge, which has for centuries been the center of gravity for the whole world, and, on the other hand, the role of the Black Sea Region, as an important part of the Great Silk Road, which had also for a long time been promoting the process of rap-prochement and exchange of cultural values between East and West peoples, until it became the ‘inner lake’ of the Ottoman Empire, and today it reverts the function of rapproching and connecting civilizations. The article shows the importance of the Black Sea countries in maintaining overall European stability and in this context the role of historical science. On the backdrop of the ideological confrontation between Georgian historians being inside and outside the Iron Curtain, which began with the foundation of the Soviet Union, the research sheds light on the merit of the Georgian scholars-in-exile for both popularization of the Georgian culture and science in Eu-rope and for importing advanced (European) scientific knowledge to Georgia. Ex-change of knowledge in science and culture between the Black Sea region and Europe will enrich and complete each other through impact and each of them will have unique, inimitative features.

scholarly journals The Amount and Distribution of the Red Data Book Bird Wetland Species in the Azov-Black Sea Region of Ukraine According to the Results of August Counts 2004–2015

2018 ◽  
Vol 52 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. I. Chernichko ◽  
V. A. Kostiushyn ◽  
S. V. Vinokurova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Wetlands ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Red Data Book ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Data Book ◽  
Water Birds ◽  
Local Water ◽  
Total Average

Abstract In the period from 2004 to 2015, in the Azov-Black Sea region of Ukraine and the adjacent territories five simultaneous August Counts covered all key coastal wetlands were conducted. They were primarily aimed at studying the abundance and spatial distribution of local water birds fauna, since that time there was hardly any migrations. In total 5.5 million birds of 133 species were counted during five August Counts. Forty species of them are included in the 3rd edition of the Red Data Book (RDB) of Ukraine, 35 of which are ecologically related to wetlands. The total amount of RDB birds was 179.5 thousand individuals, or 3.26 % of the total number of counted birds. Amount of birds varied from count to count between 21 and about 55 thousands of birds. In total 80 wetlands were covered by surveys, and in 73 of them (91.3 %), at least one time RDB species were recorded, that indicates the importance of the Azov-Black Sea coast for maintaining both local and migratory RDB birds. In five of the most valuable wetlands the percentage of counted birds from the total average value for all birds ranged from 5.3 % to 16.7 %, cumulatively making up 49.3 %. These are the following sites — Eastern Sivash, Lower part of the Ukrainian Danube Delta, Central Syvash, Kinburnskyi Peninsula, Lebedyni Islands.

scholarly journals REGIONAL COOPERATION ON THE BLACK SEA: ACHIEVEMENTS, PROBLEMS, PROSPECTS

2013 ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
E. D. Eshba
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Regional Cooperation ◽  
Regional Security ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
World Economic ◽  
Transportation Routes

Throughout the history The Black Sea region attracted attention of both regional states and those lying far beyond its borders . One of the main reasons for increased attention to the Black Sea coast is its transit location : it is crossed by transport routes connecting the West with the states of Central Asia and Transcaucasia that are rich by hydrocarbon resources . A large-scale and fairly ambitious gas pipeline projects that are scheduled to take place on the territory of the Black Sea countries and across the Black Sea lead us to expect the increasing role of the Black Sea region in the world economic system. In this regard, the author brings to light the problem of the main stages of the development of cooperation among the Black Sea countries be means of analysis of the most successful attempts at regional cooperation. Special attention is paid to the policy of Turkey in the Black Sea and on the interactions of two major regional actors (Russia and Turkey) . In addition, the work highlights the most promising areas of transport, logistics , trade and economic development of the region , including the project of ring highway around the Black Sea, as well as prospects for the intensification of maritime transport and the development of new marine transportation routes. To summarize, the author concludes that , despite the development of cooperation in the region , there are problems in the formation of a comprehensive system of regional security and cooperation, so as major obstacles to the successful implementation of the plan of cooperation in the Black Sea region still remain .

Architecture of One-Apsidal Churches of North Black Sea Coast VI-XII c.

2018 ◽  
Vol 931 ◽  
pp. 790-796
Author(s):  
Viktoria V. Pishchulina
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Byzantine Empire ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
The North ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
The One ◽  
Sea Coast

A one-apsidal hall church is always a reflection of so-called “vulgar” Christianity, thus revealing the important peculiarities of the spatial culture of the region where it is erected. In this region we can mark two periods when such temples were built: VI-VII c. and X-XII c. The first period is associated with the missionary activity by Byzantine Empire, Antioch, Caucasian Albania which was conditioned by both geopolitical interests (Byzantian Empire, Antioch) and the shift of The Great Silk Way to the north (Caucasian Albania). The second, as the research has shown, is connected with the migration of the peoples of Abkhazia, the abzakhs to this territory in the XII-XIII c. and the development of contacts with the Crimea. In the North Black Sea Region the one-apsidal hall church appears as early as in the VI c. – in the territory of Abkhazia we know about ten such temples. The temples of this type in the area of Big Sochi are dated back to the VII-VIII c. In the first Abhzaian temples we can reveal the influence of denominational centers – Byzantian Empire, Antioch, Caucasian Albania. In the temples of the Black Sea coast of both periods – introduction of the samples from Abkhazia.

scholarly journals The Problem of Illegal Emigration of the Mennonites of the Black Sea Region in the 1920s-1930s (According to the Memoirs of the Families A. Herman and M. Reuter)

2020 ◽  
pp. 62-66
Author(s):  
O.Y. Redkinа ◽  
T.P. Nazarova
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Far East ◽  
The United States ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Mutual Aid ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Support Mechanism ◽  
Baltic Countries ◽  
The Far East

The article discusses the causes of illegal emigration of the Mennonites from the Black Sea region, identifies the main routes and shows the role of Mennonite mutual aid in the implementation in the 1920s-1930s. Mennonite memoirs show that the main causes of emigration were repressions against the wealthy layers of the village, the anti-religious struggle that affected wide circles of Mennonites. Young Mennonites suffered from the inability to obtain a higher or secondary specialized education, while maintaining their religious beliefs; they were afraid to be arrested as members of the families of the anti-Soviet element. The main routes of illegal emigration passed through the western regions of Russia to the Baltic countries, to Poland and Germany; through Central Asia to China, through Transcaucasia to Turkey and Iran, through the Far East to China and further to the countries of North and South America, to Germany. The Far East was the most successful channel of illegal mass emigration in the region of Blagoveshchensk, where refugees were supported by local Mennonite communities, the Harbin Refugee Assistance Committee, Protestant missionaries, the German consulate in China, and co-religionists in the United States and Canada. Mutual assistance at the interpersonal level, as well as between relatives and communities in different regions, continued to play the role of an effective support mechanism, maintaining ties within the Mennonite community.

scholarly journals Ecological and epizootic roles of Golden jackal, genus Canis aureus in the Northwest of Black Sea coast

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (94) ◽  
pp. 37-43
Author(s):  
I. V. Nakonechnyi ◽  
L. V. Perots’ka ◽  
I. V. Pyvovarova ◽  
V. A. Chornyi
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Spontaneous Circulation ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Canis Aureus ◽  
Zoonotic Infections ◽  
Black Sea Coast ◽  
Laboratory Examinations ◽  
Field Rodents ◽  
Sea Coast

Penetration of jackal, typical representative of Asia Minor-Balkan group, genus Canis aureus into the territory of the Northwest Black Sea coast - has become a rather unexpected phenomenon and led to environmental, zoogeographical and epizootic issues. The last one may lead to the development of potentially dangerous epizootic processes, the assessment of the threat and possible consequences require systematic researches. The purpose of this work was to study the ecological and epizootic role of Canis aureus in the territory of the Northwest Black Sea coast. The investigations concerning epizootic status of jackal were carried out during 2014–2018 in the territory of Odesa and Mykolayiv Regions with means of laboratory control samples of the materials which were selected and taken from hunters. The results of researches have shown that there is a complete, self-regulating and rather dense population of C. aureus in this region, it does not lose the rate of intensive reproduction and has a clearly expressed western line of genus penetration. In the process of migratory settlement, jackal demonstrates clear and static dependences on humidified and hydro morphed landscapes. When the bodies of animals were observed, we could find the presence of ticks and several types of fleas that could act as a biological transmission objects in the circles of spontaneous circulation of naturally occurring zoonotic pathogens, ensuring their inter-species migration and short-term reservation. According to the results of laboratory examinations of 9 samples of jackals’ blood serum, the presence of antibodies to the causative agent of erysipelas was determined in 5 (55.5%) cases. In response to a single brucellosis antigen The specific antibodies were not found in the reaction with single brucellosis antigen. The investigations on the presence of leptospirosis were carried out with test strains of 9 serogroups. Specific anti-lepidopteran antibodies were found in all investigated serum samples. The predominance of antibodies to the Grippotyphosa, Hebdomadis, Sejroe, Bataviae serogroups, mice field rodents are their host, indicates the trophic nature of antigenic contacts. The new species for Ukraine – jackal Cainis aureus carries a significant potential epizootic threat as a host and carrier of pathogens natural-focal zoonotic infections and invasions, the most dangerous among them is rabies.

scholarly journals Заключительный этап истории в Восточном региональном образовании Скифии

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
Author(s):  
В. Копылов ◽  
◽  
А. Коваленко ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Black Sea ◽  
Final Stage ◽  
River Mouth ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
River Delta ◽  
Black Sea Region ◽  
Stable Period ◽  
Archaeological Materials ◽  
Don River ◽  
History Of

The paper deals with all kinds of sources concerning the final stage of the Scythian history in the area of the Tanais river mouth. Comprehensive analysis of archaeological materials shows that the crisis, which led to the end of the Great Scythia, started long before the turn of the 3rd century BC. In the 3rd quarter of the 4th century BC the Elizavetovskoe settlement was attacked by the Bosporan Kingdom. Consequently, a Greek quarter was founded within the Scythian settlement, and it is highly possible that the Scythians lost some of their control over the region. At the end of the 4th century BC the Bosporan Kingdom finally conquered the Elizavetovskoe settlement, displaced its Scythian population and founded the Great Greek colony at the place. At the same time other Scythians stayed in the region. In the mid 70s of the 3rd centure BC, a sudden military attack destroyed the unfortified Greek colony. That concludes the Scythian history of the region. There is no evidence that the Sarmatians took part in the events of second half of the 4th — first half of the 3rd century BC. Tanais, a new Bosporan colony, was founded in the mouth of the Don river delta. It was during another stable period in the Northern Black Sea region, so up to the turn of the 2nd century BC Tanais had no fortifications.

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