Fabrication and Stress Analysis of Kid's Ankle Foot Orthosis with Additive Manufacturing

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
BANGA HARISH KUMAR ◽  
BELOKAR R.M. ◽  
KALRA PARVEEN ◽  
MADAN RAJESH ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Customized design and additive manufacturing of kids’ ankle foot orthosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (10) ◽  
pp. 1677-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar Banga ◽  
Parveen Kalra ◽  
Rajendra M. Belokar ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Gait Cycle ◽  
Foot Drop ◽  
Human Gait ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
New Material ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Purpose The purpose of this study is improvement of human gait by customized design of ankle foot orthosis (AFO). An has been the most frequently used orthosis in children with cerebral palsy. AFOs are designed to boost existing features or to avoid depression or traumatize muscle contractures. The advantages of AFO’s utilized for advancement in human walk attributes for the improvement in foot deformities patients or youngsters with spastic loss of motion. In this research on the customized design of AFO's to improve gait, there are limitations during walking of foot drop patients. In children with foot drops, specific AFOs were explicitly altered to improve parity and strength which are beneficial to walking positions. Design/methodology/approach This study proposes the customized design of AFOs using computerized and additive manufacturing for producing advances to alter the design and increase comfort for foot drop patients. Structuring the proposed design fabricated by using additive manufacturing and restricted material, the investigation was finalized at the Design Analysis Software (ANSYS). The system that performs best under investigation can additionally be printed using additive manufacturing. Findings The results show that the customized design of AFOs meets the patient’s requirements and could also be an alternative solution to the existing AFO design. The biomechanical consequences and mechanical properties of additive manufactured AFOs have been comparable to historically synthetic AFOs. While developing the novel AFO designs, the use of 3D printing has many benefits, including stiffness and weight optimization, to improve biomechanical function and comfort. To defeat the issues of foot drop patients, a customized AFO is used to improve the human gait cycle with new material and having better mechanical properties. Originality/value This research work focuses on the biomechanical impacts and mechanical properties of customized 3D-printed AFOs and compares them to traditionally made AFOs. Customized AFO design using 3D printing has numerous potential advantages, including new material with lightweight advancement, to improve biomechanical function and comfort. Normally, new applications mean an incremental collection of learning approximately the behavior of such gadgets and blending the new design, composite speculation and delivered substance production. The test results aim to overcome the new AFO structure issues and display the limited components and stress examination. The outcome of the research is the improved gait cycle of foot drop patients.

A STUDY ON THE STRUCTURAL STRESS ANALYSIS OF PLASTIC ANKLE FOOT ORTHOSIS (AFO) UNDER DORSIFLEXION AND PLANTARFLEXTION CONDITIONS

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (25n27) ◽  
pp. 4559-4564 ◽  
Author(s):  
YOUNG-SHIN LEE ◽  
YOUNG-JIN CHOI ◽  
HYUN-SOO KIM ◽  
HYUN-SEUNG LEE ◽  
KANG-HEE CHO
Keyword(s):  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Structural Characteristics ◽  
The State ◽  
Structural Stress ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Design Guide ◽  
Foot Orthosis

The ankle foot orthosis (AFO) is used as the gait assistive tool for hemiplegic patients. The structural characteristics of the AFO are applied to the state of the patient. However, the prescription guide for hemiplegic patients is not well established. The purpose of this study is to develop design guide to find out the structural characteristics of polypropylene of AFO used for hemiplegics. In this study, the rigidities of dorsiflexion and plantarflexion of the AFO with varied types of ankle widths are investigated and performed by using FEM code.

Fabrication and stress analysis of ankle foot orthosis with additive manufacturing

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 301-312 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar Banga ◽  
Rajendra M. Belokar ◽  
Parveen Kalra ◽  
Rajesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
3D Printing ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
The Body ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Body Of Knowledge ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Purpose Ankle–foot orthoses (AFOs) are assistive devices prescribed for a number of physical and neurological disorders affecting the mobility of the lower limbs. Additive manufacturing has been explored as an alternative process; however, it has proved to be inefficient cost-wise. This work aims to explore the possibilities of generating modular AFO elements, namely, calf, shank and footplate, with the localized composite reinforcement that aids in the optimization of the device in terms of functionality, aesthetics, rigidity and cost. Design/methodology/approach The conventional lower leg–foot orthosis configuration depends on thermoforming a polymer sheet around a mortar cast with a trademark firmness relying upon the trim-line with the inalienable plan restrictions. In manufacturing of AFO the expert, i.e. orthotist's, guidance is used. Polypropylene and polyethylene material is used in fabrication of AFO to complete all-round reported points of interest over the ordinary outlines, yet their mechanical conduct under administration conditions cannot be effectively anticipated. Findings AFOs made of polypropylene and polyethylene material are available in the market, which are used by children of age 3-5 years. With the existing AFO design, patients are facing excessive heating and sweating problems during long-term usage. After feedback from patients and orthotists (who prescribed AFO to patients), an attempt has been made to solve the problem with a new and improved AFO design of AFO by using finite element modelling and stress analysis. Also, the results indicate that the new design is similar to the actual product design. Originality/value This work introduces the low-cost 3D printing with reinforcement approach as an alternative route for the designing and manufacturing of orthotic devices with complex shapes. It is expected that new applications add-up to increase the body of knowledge about the behaviour of such products which will mix both areas, composite theory and additive manufacturing. This study investigated the fields related to 3D scanning, 3D printing and computer-aided designing for the manufacturing of a customized AFO.

A Comparative Analysis between Conventional Manufacturing and Additive Manufacturing of Ankle-foot Orthosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Farah Syazwani Shahar ◽  
Mohamed Thariq Hameed Sultan ◽  
Ain Umaira Md Shah ◽  
Syafiqah Nur Azrie Safri
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Foot Orthosis

Additive Manufacturing of Ankle-Foot Orthosis with Predefined Ankle Stiffness—A Case Report

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (4) ◽  
pp. 310-318
Author(s):  
Egle Vasiliauskaite ◽  
Wim Van Paepegem ◽  
Jan Patrick Deckers ◽  
Miguel Vermandel ◽  
Malcolm Forward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Additive Manufacturing ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Ankle Stiffness ◽  
Foot Orthosis

scholarly journals Effectiveness of an ankle–foot orthosis on walking in patients with stroke: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoo Jin Choo ◽  
Min Cheol Chang
Keyword(s):  
Stride Length ◽  
Walking Speed ◽  
Sagittal Plane ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Step Length ◽  
Stride Time ◽  
Plane Angle ◽  
Ankle Foot Orthosis ◽  
Biomechanical Parameters ◽  
Foot Orthosis

AbstractWe conducted a meta-analysis to investigate the effectiveness of ankle–foot orthosis (AFO) use in improving gait biomechanical parameters such as walking speed, mobility, and kinematics in patients with stroke with gait disturbance. We searched the MEDLINE (Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online), CINAHL (Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature), Cochrane, Embase, and Scopus databases and retrieved studies published until June 2021. Experimental and prospective studies were included that evaluated biomechanics or kinematic parameters with or without AFO in patients with stroke. We analyzed gait biomechanical parameters, including walking speed, mobility, balance, and kinematic variables, in studies involving patients with and without AFO use. The criteria of the Cochrane Handbook for Systematic Reviews of Interventions were used to evaluate the methodological quality of the studies, and the level of evidence was evaluated using the Research Pyramid model. Funnel plot analysis and Egger’s test were performed to confirm publication bias. A total of 19 studies including 434 participants that reported on the immediate or short-term effectiveness of AFO use were included in the analysis. Significant improvements in walking speed (standardized mean difference [SMD], 0.50; 95% CI 0.34–0.66; P < 0.00001; I2, 0%), cadence (SMD, 0.42; 95% CI 0.22–0.62; P < 0.0001; I2, 0%), step length (SMD, 0.41; 95% CI 0.18–0.63; P = 0.0003; I2, 2%), stride length (SMD, 0.43; 95% CI 0.15–0.71; P = 0.003; I2, 7%), Timed up-and-go test (SMD, − 0.30; 95% CI − 0.54 to − 0.07; P = 0.01; I2, 0%), functional ambulation category (FAC) score (SMD, 1.61; 95% CI 1.19–2.02; P < 0.00001; I2, 0%), ankle sagittal plane angle at initial contact (SMD, 0.66; 95% CI 0.34–0.98; P < 0.0001; I2, 0%), and knee sagittal plane angle at toe-off (SMD, 0.39; 95% CI 0.04–0.73; P = 0.03; I2, 46%) were observed when the patients wore AFOs. Stride time, body sway, and hip sagittal plane angle at toe-off were not significantly improved (p = 0.74, p = 0.07, p = 0.07, respectively). Among these results, the FAC score showed the most significant improvement, and stride time showed the lowest improvement. AFO improves walking speed, cadence, step length, and stride length, particularly in patients with stroke. AFO is considered beneficial in enhancing gait stability and ambulatory ability.

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