An Empirical Evidence of Global Warming and its impact on India’s Agricultural Production

India is a large country with all types of climates and different kinds of soil requiring different types of farming. Most of the agricultural land in India is dependent on rainfall for irrigation. India has about 15 Agro-climatic zones with different types of farming methods and crops. As most of the population is dependent on agriculture and two-third of the country depend on monsoon rains to aid in agriculture, any change in frequency of the rains will affect these areas critically. Assessment of the effects of global climate changes on agriculture might help to properly anticipate and adapt farming to maximize agricultural production. At the same time agriculture has been shown significant effects on climate change, primarily through the production and release of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide, methane, and nitrous oxide. The impact of climate change on agriculture could result in problems like food security and may threaten the livelihood on which much of the population depends. Climate change can affect crop yields ( both positively and negatively), as well as the types of crop that can be grown in certain areas, by impacting agricultural inputs such as water for irrigation, amounts of solar radiation that affect plant growth, as well as prevalence of pests. The impact of climate change on wheat showed that its yield decreased due to the adverse effects of temperature during grain ﬁlling and maturity stages of the growth. The results of this study indicate that crop characteristics such as sensitivity of grain ﬁlling duration to temperature, play a major role in determining the effects of climate change on crop productivity. Several studies projected increase or decrease in yields of cereal crops, oilseed and pulses crops depending on interaction of temperature and CO2 changes in India. The present study has selected a thirteen years period from 2000 – 2012. .

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Comparison of the Impact of Global Climate Changes and Urbanization on Summertime Future Climate in the Tokyo Metropolitan Area

Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology ◽

10.1175/jamc-d-11-0137.1 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 51 (8) ◽

pp. 1441-1454 ◽

Cited By ~ 58

Author(s):

Sachiho A. Adachi ◽

Fujio Kimura ◽

Hiroyuki Kusaka ◽

Tomoshige Inoue ◽

Hiroaki Ueda

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Metropolitan Area ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Temperature Increase ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Global Climate ◽

Local Climate ◽

Tokyo Metropolitan Area ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

The Impact

AbstractIn this study, the impact of global climate change and anticipated urbanization over the next 70 years is estimated with regard to the summertime local climate in the Tokyo metropolitan area (TMA), whose population is already near its peak now. First, five climate projections for the 2070s calculated with the aid of general circulation models (GCMs) are used for dynamical downscaling experiments to evaluate the impact of global climate changes using a regional climate model. Second, the sensitivity of future urbanization until the 2070s is examined assuming a simple developing urban scenario for the TMA. These two sensitivity analyses indicate that the increase in the surface air temperature from the 1990s to the 2070s is about 2.0°C as a result of global climate changes under the A1B scenario in the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change’s Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) and about 0.5°C as a result of urbanization. Considering the current urban heat island intensity (UHII) of 1.0°C, the possible UHII in the future reaches an average of 1.5°C in the TMA. This means that the mitigation of the UHII should be one of the ways to adapt to a local temperature increase caused by changes in the future global climate. In addition, the estimation of temperature increase due to global climate change has an uncertainty of about 2.0°C depending on the GCM projection, suggesting that the local climate should be projected on the basis of multiple GCM projections.

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Agriculture Adaptation to Consequences of Global Climate Changes

Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics ◽

10.21686/2413-2829-2021-2-13-20 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 13-20

Author(s):

D. G. Galkin

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽

Traditional Approach ◽

Global Climate ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

Change Impact ◽

Agriculture Development

The goal of the article is to work out recommendations aimed at providing sustainability of agriculture development on the level of national economy in conditions of changing climate. The agriculture development within the frames of traditional approach can be studied in two aspects: as a sector subjected to the global climate change impact; as a sector promoting climate change due to greenhouse gas emission. The authors showed that in regard to present trends scientific recommendations aimed at agriculture adaptation to climate changes are the most significant for Russia. On the basis of provided concepts they identified key lines in the said adaptation: to develop innovation connected with adaptation to consequences of climate changes; to upgrade the system of agro-insurance; to use methods of organic food production; to monitor and appraise adaptation of agriculture to climate changes; to introduce strategic planning of sustainable development and location of agricultural production. These lines should be realized on the basis of integrity, strategic orientation and scientific support of agricultural production. These lines can stabilize the level of key parameters of the sector in the long-term perspective.

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The impact of the global climate changes and the pollination

10.1603/ice.2016.92412 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Vera Lúcia Imperatriz Fonseca

Keyword(s):

Climate Changes ◽

Global Climate ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

The Impact

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FOOD SECURITY IN RUSSIA IN THE CONTEXT OF CLIMATE CHANGE

Economic and social problems of Russia The digital economy Current state and prospects ◽

10.31249/espr/2021.01.03 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 45-65

Author(s):

Maria Polozhikhina ◽

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Food Security ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Global Climate ◽

Point Of View ◽

Crimean Peninsula ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Self Sufficiency ◽

The Impact ◽

The Crimean Peninsula

Climate conditions remain one of the main risk factors for domestic agriculture, and the consequences of global climate change are ambiguous in terms of prospects for agricultural production in Russia. This paper analyzes the impact of climate change on the country’s food security from the point of view of its self-sufficiency in grain primarily. Specific conditions prevailing on the Crimean peninsula are also considered.

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Revisit to Policy Formulation for Climate-Smart Agriculture in India

International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering - Special Issue ◽

10.35940/ijitee.i1022.0789s219 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 8 (9S2) ◽

pp. 109-116

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Supply Chain ◽

Food Security ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Agricultural Productivity ◽

Small Scale ◽

Farming Practices ◽

Economic Implications ◽

The Impact

Potential influence of water stress, climate change, erosion of fertility, unorganized agro-financing practices in agricultural-yields espoused with incongruity in regulating and developing the credible distribution mechanism for the resilience of computable equilibrium in the supply chain have warranted the continuing negative economic implications relating to agricultural production-patterns as well as ensuring food security of the country. An authoritative introspection for the sustainability of agro-economic policy in consistence with the increasing population becomes the cry of the hour of the country. Sensitivity-variance of different crops to warming though confines the scopes and preferences of territoriality of productivity however, the complexity of impact of climate-change on agricultural productivity necessitates the appraisal and interrelations of physical, economic and social factors as well changing ecological imbalances. The attempt to bring structural reforms in the farming practices in weather variability context in the country requires financial support for the marginal and small-scale farmers as farming practices are predominantly adapted to local climates. The global character of atmospheric circulation and the impact of ecological and climate-changes encourage combined use of climate, crop, and economic models for sustaining growth of supply chain to market. In addition, the increasing deterioration of agricultural production due to the eventuality of climate-change and eventual ecological imbalance considerably would affect the trade balance of the country for the legislative mandate of food security. To transform the progressive move of LPG (Liberalization, Privatization and Globalization) into secured and sustainable agro-economy to save our planet from the ravages of climate change, a comprehensive schematic approach involves configuration of legal and policy tools containing thereof: a) ‘spillover costs’ of agricultural productivity due to increased ecological and climate changes; b) coherent assessment of the modalities of agriculture to harmonize the present-day water-stressed; c) coherent financing mechanism for the farmers, in particular the small-scale and marginal ones who are not only being affected disproportionately rather the changes warrant them to be displaced internally. The present discussion reviews two prime factors: viz; a) Effects of Climate-Change upon agro-economy of the country; and b) Attenuation of Agro-financing measures in the regulatory mechanism for regulating and developing the vibrant supply chain to the market

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The UN Agenda 2030 and the Climate-Security Nexus in Africa

Journal of Geography Politics and Society ◽

10.26881/jpgs.2021.2.04 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Daniel Silander

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Global Climate ◽

Human Security ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

Agenda 2030 ◽

Security Challenges ◽

Triggering Factor

There is a growing bulk of studies on global climate changes and conflicts. It has been argued that climate change may be a triggering factor to conflicts and wars, especially in societies with poor governance. This study explores the climate-security nexus in Africa. It is argued that the global climate change provides profound state and human security challenges to African governments and people. Scarcity of vital resources in food, water, sanitation and health has challenged political and economic structures, infrastructure and integration. This has also been due to poorly governed states with authoritarianism, corruption, ethnic divisions and fragile, dysfunctional institutions. The war in Darfur is a tragic, but illustrative example of the climate change-security nexus of our time.

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Spatial variations in soil properties across ecotones: a short review

Bulletin of Geography Physical Geography Series ◽

10.2478/bgeo-2018-0006 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 14 (1) ◽

pp. 71-77 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Theodore Danso Marfo ◽

Klement Resjek ◽

Valerie Vranova

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Global Climate Change ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Global Climate ◽

Short Review ◽

Conservation Value ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

High Conservation ◽

Decreasing Ph

Abstract Ecotones are considered as unique environments. The concepts of edge effect and ecotone species (flora and fauna) are widely used. Considering the fact that the majority of the species found in ecotones are usually at their physiologically determined limits of distribution, how they react to global climate changes becomes crucial. Ecotones are reputed to be more biologically diverse than areas close to them, and therefore possesses a high conservation value, yet little is known on how soil properties vary across ecotones. In this paper, we firstly highlighted the roles ecotones play in assessing the effect on global climate change, the mediatory role they play in the movement of material (water and nutrients) into and out of the region. Secondly, we reviewed studies on how soil properties change across ecotones and it is worthwhile to note that soil properties tend to differ across various ecotones (e.g. increasing pH and decreasing P & N across forest–glade ecotones, decreasing pH across ancient–recent forest ecotones) in a manner that defines the character of the ecotones existing.

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Vulnerability Assessment and Adaptation Strategies for the Impact of Climate Change on Agricultural Land in Southern Taiwan

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su12114637 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (11) ◽

pp. 4637 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Kuo-Ching Huang ◽

Chen-Jai Lee ◽

Shih-Liang Chan ◽

Cheng-Hsin Tai

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Vulnerability Assessment ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Adaptation Strategies ◽

Utilization Efficiency ◽

Central Plain ◽

Plain Region ◽

Southern Taiwan ◽

The Impact

Maintaining a certain amount of agricultural land and promoting its agricultural land utilization efficiency is essential in a country. Many innovative strategies for adapting to climate change have been implemented in developed countries. To achieve the goal of climate change adaptation for agricultural land, a vulnerability assessment of farmland is indispensable. Based on the research framework of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change, this study applied the structure of exposure, sensitivity, and adaptation to build criteria and conduct an evaluation of a designated area in Southern Taiwan. We identified the key factors of the vulnerability of farmland, through mapping with spatial analysis, and by using geographic information system tools. The main purpose of the application of a vulnerability assessment is not to explicitly describe the status of agricultural land to climate change, but to help local government and farmers to identify the critical area, and to discuss the appropriated adaptive policies. According to the results of the vulnerability assessment of agricultural land, the entire study region can be divided into three patterns: Pattern 1, located in the western coastal zone, filled with various attributes of high vulnerability; Pattern 2, distributed on the central plain region in the east, with complete blocks of agricultural land and low vulnerability; and Pattern 3, located in the central plain region to the west, a region in which areas with various vulnerability levels. The following three types of adaptation strategies for climate change for farmland were established: (1) the enhancement of agricultural production, (2) the maintenance of agricultural production, and (3) the conservation of the agricultural environment. The current results can serve as valuable guidelines for governments to implement feasible local adaptation strategies in the future.

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Global climate changes during the most recent two millennia

10.5194/egusphere-egu2020-13378 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Sarah S. Eggleston ◽

Oliver Bothe ◽

Nerilie Abram ◽

Bronwen Konecky ◽

Hans Linderholm ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Climate Changes ◽

Climate Models ◽

Global Climate ◽

Climate Science ◽

High Temporal Resolution ◽

Past Climate ◽

Global Climate Changes ◽

The Past ◽

Earth’S Climate

<p>The past two thousand years is a key interval for climate science because this period encompasses both the era of human-induced global warming and a much longer interval when changes in Earth's climate were governed principally by natural drivers. This earlier 'pre-industrial' period is particularly important for two reasons. Firstly, we now have a growing number of well-dated, climate sensitive proxy data with high temporal resolution that spans the full period. Secondly, the pre-industrial climate provides context for present-day climate change, sets real-world targets against which to evaluate the performance of climate models, and allows us to address other questions of Earth sciences that cannot be answered using only a century and a half of observational data.&#160;</p><p>Here, we first provide several perspectives on the concept of a 'pre-industrial climate'. Then, we highlight the activities of the PAGES 2k Network, an international collaborative effort focused on global climate change during the past two thousand years. We highlight those aspects of pre-industrial conditions (including both past climate changes and past climate drivers) that are not yet well constrained, and suggest potential areas for research during this period that would be relevant to the evolution of Earth's future climate.</p>

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