Effects of physico-chemical and biological properties of soil on the allelopathic activity of barley (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) root exudates against Bromus diandrus Roth. and Stelleria media L. weeds

In this study, the aerobic composting in windrows of five mixtures of organic materials was compared. Composting temperatures rose to 60-67°C within 7 to 22 days and stayed above 45°C for 4-5 months before declining. Decomposition after 223 days was 40-43% for organic materials and 23-25% for carbon. The pH values decreased during the composting process and became neutral at maturation. Electric conductivity dropped to 3.6-5.22 mS/cm after 170 days. Dry matter increase to 96.2-97.8% within 182 days of composting and dropped to 70.13-73.87% at maturation. Bulk density increased from 0.20-0.26 g/cm3 to 0.34-0.55 g/cm3 and varied depending on composts. Porosity and water retention decreased during composting. Nutrient contents varied over composting times and wastes. Composts' phytotoxicity, evaluated on barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) seeds, decreased by 0.2-13.2% and 63.2-81.3% after 30 and 220 days of composting, respectively. Benefits of composting organic wastes into agriculturally valuable final products was discussed.

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Effect of combined application of organic and mineral nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on soil physico-chemical properties and grain yield of food barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) in Kaffa Zone, South-western Ethiopia

Momona Ethiopian Journal of Science ◽

10.4314/mejs.v9i2.8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 9 (2) ◽

pp. 242 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Tamado Tana ◽

Mitiku Woldesenbet

Keyword(s):

Hordeum Vulgare ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Mineral Nitrogen ◽

Phosphorus Fertilizer ◽

Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Combined Application ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Western Ethiopia

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Identification of Barley (Hordeum vulgare L. subsp. vulgare) Root Exudates Allelochemicals, Their Autoallelopathic Activity and Against Bromus diandrus Roth. Germination

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy9070345 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 345 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Imen Bouhaouel ◽

Gaëtan Richard ◽

Marie-Laure Fauconnier ◽

Marc Ongena ◽

Laurent Franzil ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Phenolic Acids ◽

Root Exudates ◽

Weed Management ◽

Inhibitory Effect ◽

Water Soluble ◽

Barley Root ◽

Integrated Weed Management ◽

Hordeum Vulgare L ◽

Allelopathic Potential ◽

Bromus Diandrus

Crops with weed suppressive root exudates or the direct use of bioherbicidal allelochemicals is a new approach in integrated weed management systems. In this context, the allelopathic activity and chemical composition of root exudates from six genotypes (modern varieties and landraces) of barley were characterized. The phenolic acids appeared to be particularly implicated in the inhibitory action of barley root exudates against Bromus diandrus. The amount of these compounds was higher in sandy substrate than in sandy-clay-loam substrate. Ten phenolic acids and one phenylpropanoid derivative were present, in addition to saponarin, a newly identified flavonoid in barley root exudates. Seven compounds explaining variability in the inhibitory activity of barley roots (stepwise analysis) and one compound detected only in highly allelopathic genotypes were toxic against receiver plants. Most compounds had a greater inhibitory effect on the growth of great brome than the barley genotypes. The synergistic and/or additive effect of the eight compounds appeared to be the source of the toxicity. Benzoic acid, the mixture of compounds, saponarin and salicylic acid were the most efficient compounds against the great brome and the less aggressive against barley. Overall, the results revealed the allelopathic potential of the water-soluble compounds exuded by the roots of living barley plants. These compounds included saponarin, a flavonoid not yet recognized as a barley root allelochemical.

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Tillage and cropping sequence effect on physico-chemical and biological properties of soil in Eastern Himalayas, India

Soil and Tillage Research ◽

10.1016/j.still.2018.03.005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 180 ◽

pp. 182-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

Anup Das ◽

Demandson Lyngdoh ◽

Probir Kumar Ghosh ◽

Rattan Lal ◽

Jayanta Layek ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Biological Properties ◽

Sequence Effect ◽

Eastern Himalayas ◽

Cropping Sequence ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Properties Of Soil

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System of Rice Intensification Verses Conventional Rice System: Off-farm Field Studies

NASS Journal of Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.36956/njas.v1i1.7 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Ravi Chandra Sharma ◽

Nobuhiko Fuwa ◽

Pabitra Banik

Keyword(s):

Unit Area ◽

Water Productivity ◽

Water System ◽

Field Studies ◽

Biological Properties ◽

System Of Rice Intensification ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Rice Intensification ◽

Industrial Needs ◽

Properties Of Soil

With inevitable growth of demand for human and industrial needs, water available for agriculture will become scarcer in the future. India is a highly water-stressed country. Hence, India needs to invest in improving its water productivity, and any capacity to produce more rice with less water. System of Rice Intensification (SRI) has attracted much attention in increasing rice yield per unit area. For this study, fifteen farmers were selected those were practicing SRI technology by themselves during the Boro-cultivation season (January-April). The study was continued for three consecutive years 2012 to 14 on the same fields. In addition to the SRI plots, a similar size of non-SRI plot was maintained in conventional cultivation for comparison purpose. On an average, the non-SRI ight increased by 12%, number of tillers per square meter by 85%, number of reproductive tillers per hill by 286%, weight of panicle per hill by 139%, number of seeds per panicle by 41% and test weight by 26% due to SRI practice over the non-SRI practice. Average increment in straw and grain yield due to SRI over the non-SRI is 70% and 59% respectively. The physico-chemical and biological properties of soil improved due to SRI practice.

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ALLELOPATHIC INFLUENCE OF CYPERUS ROTUNDUS L. AND CYNODAN DACTYLON L. ON PHYSICO- CHEMICAL AND BIOLOGICAL PROPERTIES OF SOIL

Kongunadu Research Journal ◽

10.26524/krj113 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 2 (2) ◽

pp. 151-154

Author(s):

Kavitha D ◽

Prabhakaran J

Keyword(s):

Biological Properties ◽

Cyperus Rotundus ◽

Plant Production ◽

Microbial Populations ◽

Agricultural Systems ◽

Rice Seedlings ◽

Weed Species ◽

Physico Chemical ◽

Experimental Soil ◽

Properties Of Soil

In agricultural systems, allelopathy can be part of the interference between crops and between crops and weeds through soil mediated mechanism and thereby affecting the economical outcome of the plant production. Allelopathic influence of various concentrations of aqueous extracts of two weed species ie.Cyperusrotundus L. and Cynodan dactylon L. were assessed on physico-chemical and biological properties of rice seedlings grown experimental pot soil. The results revealed that the percentage of NPK levels was minimum in the lower concentrations of two weed extracts than their higher concentration. Among NPKcontents, the nitrogen was found higher percentage followed by potassium and phosphorus in all the experimental soil. The population of bacterial, fungi, actinomycetes and total microbial populations were gradually decreased with increasing the concentration of weed extracts and more reduction on microbes wasfound in C.rotundus than C.dactylon applied soil

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