THERMAL ANALYSIS OF MICROALGA BIOMASS FOR APPLICATIONS IN ENERGY PRODUCTION THROUGH GASIFICATION PROCESS

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
André Celestino Martins ◽  
Nestor Proenza Perez ◽  
CARLA CRISTINA LOURES
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Gasification Process

Energy production by means of gasification process of residuals sourced in Extremadura (Spain)

2005 ◽  
Vol 30 (11) ◽  
pp. 1759-1769 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Gañan ◽  
A. Al-Kassir Abdulla ◽  
A.B. Miranda ◽  
J. Turegano ◽  
S. Correia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Gasification Process

scholarly journals Simulation of underground coal gasification process in a Bulgarian coal field

2013 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 2090
Author(s):  
N. Koukouzas ◽  
I. Katsimpardi ◽  
D. Merachev
Keyword(s):  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Coal Gasification ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Underground Coal Gasification ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Complex Process ◽  
World Energy ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Coal Reserves

The sustainable and environmentally friendly energy production has been a major issue of the world energy sector in recent years. Coal is a major fossil fuel that provides approximately 25% of the total energy demand worldwide; coal reserves still remain significant, although in several cases its exploitation trends to be economically marginal. Underground Coal Gasification (UCG) has been identified as a technology which can bridge the gap between energy production and environmental and financial sustainability. Several UCG trials have taken place, although, there are still questions relative to their safety, performance and applicability. To that direction, modelling can prove to be a very effective and practical tool for the prediction of the project performance and the reduction of the risk involved. UCG is a complex process which incorporates mechanical and chemical processes thus modelling is complex since it demands coupling the aforementioned processes. The current study aims at investigating the applicability of the UCG process in a Bulgarian coal site through 2D modelling. The proposed approach uses FLAC software as a modelling tool and attempts to combine thermal and mechanical effects during the gasification process. Several simulation runs have taken place in an attempt to quantify the effect of the different mechanical and thermal properties of the surrounding rocks to the UCG process, the environmental effects and the stability of the geological formations.

scholarly journals Thermolysis and Kinetics of Scrap Tyre and Bagasse for Energy Utilization

2013 ◽  
Vol 34 (2) ◽  
pp. 94-101
Author(s):  
Petro Ndalila ◽  
Cuthbet F. Mhilu ◽  
Geoffrey R. John
Keyword(s):  
Activation Energy ◽  
Energy Demand ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Energy Content ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Energy Utilization ◽  
Exponential Factor ◽  
Gasification Process ◽  
Kinetics Of

The increase of energy demand has brought concern to find alternative fuel that will at least sustain the requirement. Bagasse and scrap tyre are waste generated in our industrial activities, which can be used in energy production to subsidize the demand. This paper, aim to study the decomposition behaviour and kinetics of biomass (bagasse) and scrap tyre as preliminary stage of fuel sample analysis to be considered for energy production in gasification/combustion or pyrolysis facilities. The behaviour demonstrated with thermogravimetric analyzer (TGA), shows that all samples have high volatile amount release, 84.21% for bagasse and 85.08% for scrap tyre, which means all are suitable for pyrolysis. However, scrap tyre is most suitable for gasification or combustion due to its high energy content, high ash content and low moisture than bagasse. The determined kinetic parameter were activation energy (E) and pre-exponential factor (A) for hemicellulose/oil as first release composite and cellulose/elastomer as second composite of the analyzed bagasse/scrap tyre samples. The hemicelluloses of bagasse exhibited highest value of activation energy and pre-exponential factor (E=178.191 kJ/mol, and A=1.74×10 16 ) than oil of scrap tyre (E=41.113 kJ/mol, and A= 495.5), which means bagasse is suitable candidate for gasification process due to high operating temperature. With this respect of the study, all candidates may be suitable for pyrolysis or gasification/combustion process. However, for environmental consideration scrap tyre is not suitable due to high sulphur (S) and nitrogen (N) content resulting to high emission ofSOX and NOX .

scholarly journals THERMAL DEGRADATION OF THE AGROINDUSTRIAL RESIDUES BY THERMOGRAVIMETRY AND CALORIMETRY

2019 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 341-349
Author(s):  
Luana Elís de Ramos e Paula ◽  
Paulo Fernando Trugilho ◽  
Raphael Nogueira Rezende ◽  
Pedro Castro Neto ◽  
Vássia Carvalho Soares
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Differential Scanning Calorimetric ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Coffee Bean ◽  
Wood Processing ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Plant Stem

LUANA ELÍS DE RAMOS E PAULA1, PAULO FERNANDO TRUGILHO2, RAPHAEL NOGUEIRA REZENDE3, PEDRO CASTRO NETO4, VÁSSIA CARVALHO SOARES5   1Departamento de Engenharia, UFLA, Praça Prof. Edmir Sá Santos, S/N, Campus Universitário, CEP:37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil, [email protected]. 2Departamento de Engenharia Florestal, UFLA, Praça Prof. Edmir Sá Santos, S/N, Campus Universitário, CEP:37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil, [email protected]. 3Câmpus Muzambinho, IFSULDEMINAS, Estrada de Muzambinho, S/N, Bairro - Morro Preto, Muzambinho, CEP: 37890-000, Minas Gerais, Brasil, [email protected]. 4Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola, UFLA, Praça Prof. Edmir Sá Santos, S/N, Campus Universitário, CEP:37200-900, Lavras, Minas Gerais, Brasil, [email protected]. 5Câmpus Bambuí, IFMG, Rodovia Bambuí/Medeiros, Fazenda Varginha – km 05, CEP: 38900-000, Bambuí, Minas Gerais, Brasil, [email protected].   ABSTRACT: Vegetal residues, in general, have variable characteristics and caloric values, difficulty in combustion control and relatively fast burning. Thus, indicating certain materials for energy production, there is a need for thermal analysis studies. The aim of this work was evaluating by thermal analysis the behavior of agro industrial residues for energy production. Coffee bean parchment and coffee plant stem residues; bean stem and pod; soybean stem and pod; rice husk; corn leaf, stem, straw and cob; sugar cane straw and bagasse; wood processing (planer shavings and sawdust); elephant grass stem and leaf; and coconut husk were submitted to thermo gravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetric. The results indicated that the presented residues has potential for energy production; the highest energy peaks occurring around 350 °C; the temperature range of greatest mass loss was 250-350 °C and coconut husk was more resistant to thermal decomposition.   Keywords: energy, biomass, lignocellulosic residues.   DEGRADAÇÃO TÉRMICA DE RESÍDUOS AGROINDUSTRIAIS POR MEIO DE TERMOGRAVIMETRIA E CALORIMETRIA   RESUMO: Os resíduos vegetais, em geral, possuem características e valores calóricos variáveis, dificuldade no controle da combustão e queima relativamente rápida. Assim, para indicar certos materiais para produção de energia, é necessário estudar sua análise térmica. Este trabalho foi realizado com o objetivo de avaliar o comportamento de resíduos agroindustriais mediante análise térmica visando à produção de energia. Os resíduos pergaminho do grão e caule do cafeeiro; caule e vagem do feijão; caule e vagem da soja; casca de arroz; folha, caule, palha e sabugo de milho; palha e bagaço da cana-de-açúcar; resíduos do processamento da madeira (serragem e maravalha); caule e folha do capim-elefante e casca do coco-da-baía foram submetidos à análise termogravimétrica e de calorimetria exploratória diferencial. Com os resultados pode-se concluir que os resíduos apresentaram potencial para produção energética; os maiores picos de energia ocorrem por volta de 350 °C; a faixa de temperatura de maior perda de massa foi 250 - 350 °C e a casca de coco foi o material de maior resistência à decomposição térmica.   Palavras-chaves: energia, biomassa, resíduos lignocelulósicos.

Gasification and Fuel Cell Integration With Bottoming Turbine Cycle: Performances of a Hybrid Plant for Electricity Production

2003 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Lunghi ◽  
R. Burzacca
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cells ◽  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell ◽  
Sensitivity Analyses ◽  
Electricity Production ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Molten Carbonate ◽  
Gasification Process

The increasing need of energy resources along with the growing environmental interest promote the creation of new concepts in the field of energy production and management strategies. The development of high temperature fuel cells, suitable for stationary energy production, is one of the most promising aspects, able to bring a significant change in the power generation scenario. One of the most important features for fuel cells is the potential coupling with advanced gasification systems, thus enabling the possibility of energy recovery from waste, RDF (Refuse Derived Fuel) and biomass. The gasification process transfers the energetic value of the original solid fuel to a gaseous product rich in hydrogen, carbon monoxide and dioxide, and other compounds. A post-gasification treatment removes tars, particulates, impurities and makes the gas suitable for power production in a fuel cell unit. In this work an example of an innovative plant for biomass utilization has been considered. The plant includes a gasification section and a Molten Carbonate Fuel Cell unit, coupled with a hot gas cleanup system. For gasification technology, a recent typology was considered involving an indirect heating system such as the Battelle process. Gaseous streams conveyed to the cell after the conditioning processes were considered. In order to achieve higher efficiencies, a bottoming cycle has been added. It comprises a turbine power plant integrated with the gasification and fuel cell lay-out. In the turbine cycle air is compressed in the operating pressure and internally heated by the waste heat of the fuel cell and of the gasification process. The expanded air is then used in the combustion reactor of the gasification system. The proposed plant allows high electric efficiency and high flexibility in choosing for air compression ratio and unit size; sensitivity analyses were performed.

scholarly journals Thermal Analysis Technologies for Biomass Feedstocks: A State-of-the-Art Review

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1610
Author(s):  
Jun Sheng Teh ◽  
Yew Heng Teoh ◽  
Heoy Geok How ◽  
Farooq Sher
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Analytical Techniques ◽  
Thermal Conversion ◽  
Hydrothermal Liquefaction ◽  
Thermochemical Conversion ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Biomass Feedstocks ◽  
Biomass Processing ◽  
Thermochemical Processing

An effective analytical technique for biomass characterisation is inevitable for biomass utilisation in energy production. To improve biomass processing, various thermal conversion methods such as torrefaction, pyrolysis, combustion, hydrothermal liquefaction, and gasification have been widely used to improve biomass processing. Thermogravimetric analysers (TG) and gas chromatography (GC) are among the most fundamental analytical techniques utilised in biomass thermal analysis. Thus, GC and TG, in combination with MS, FTIR, or two-dimensional analysis, were used to examine the key parameters of biomass feedstock and increase the productivity of energy crops. We can also determine the optimal ratio for combining two separate biomass or coals during co-pyrolysis and co-gasification to achieve the best synergetic relationship. This review discusses thermochemical conversion processes such as torrefaction, combustion, hydrothermal liquefaction, pyrolysis, and gasification. Then, the thermochemical conversion of biomass using TG and GC is discussed in detail. The usual emphasis on the various applications of biomass or bacteria is also discussed in the comparison of the TG and GC. Finally, this study investigates the application of technologies for analysing the composition and developed gas from the thermochemical processing of biomass feedstocks.

Mitochondrial matrix calcium ions regulate energy production in myocardium: A cytochemical study

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-167
Author(s):  
W.A. Jacob ◽  
R. Hertsens ◽  
A. Van Bogaert ◽  
M. De Smet
Keyword(s):  
Energy Metabolism ◽  
Calcium Ions ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
Regulation Of Respiration ◽  
Free Calcium ◽  
Mitochondrial Matrix ◽  
Cytochemical Study ◽  
Nmr Techniques

In the past most studies of the control of energy metabolism focus on the role of the phosphorylation potential ATP/ADP.Pi on the regulation of respiration. Studies using NMR techniques have demonstrated that the concentrations of these compounds for oxidation phosphorylation do not change appreciably throughout the cardiac cycle and during increases in cardiac work. Hence regulation of energy production by calcium ions, present in the mitochondrial matrix, has been the object of a number of recent studies.Three exclusively intramitochondnal dehydrogenases are key enzymes for the regulation of oxidative metabolism. They are activated by calcium ions in the low micromolar range. Since, however, earlier estimates of the intramitochondnal calcium, based on equilibrium thermodynamic considerations, were in the millimolar range, a physiological correlation was not evident. The introduction of calcium-sensitive probes fura-2 and indo-1 made monitoring of free calcium during changing energy metabolism possible. These studies were performed on isolated mitochondria and extrapolation to the in vivo situation is more or less speculative.

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