scholarly journals Peripheral Visions: Design in ephemeral New Zealand print c1880 – 1914

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Olwyn Cantlon
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Graphic Design ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Design History ◽  
Local Study ◽  
Cultural Formation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Alternative Approaches

<p>My thesis is an investigation of design in print in New Zealand circa 1880 – 1914, the period in which it is generally accepted graphic design began in the industrial Western nations. The medium of design studied is New Zealand’s most significant printed product, popular everyday ephemera, which is contextualized within local and international print production, technology, and debates concerning design. The research aim is to contribute to new approaches in the proto-discipline of graphic design history, specifically the current debates concerning purpose, scope and methods, by writing a local study that has relevance here and internationally. In this way it joins the growing number of local and national design studies of countries customarily defined as politically, culturally and geographically peripheral. It further explores alternative approaches by using formal analysis as a tool for the interpretation of visual codes and their rhetoric in print to enable the appraisal of local significances and international relationships.  The study follows a model of graphic design as visual communication encompassing purpose, production, and reception, to argue the historic significations, activities, and values of local graphic design are of critical import for their role in social and cultural formation at both national and international levels. It argues against traditional binary models of centre to margin design transmission to assert alternative theories of networks, and of the hybridity of forms (particularly in colonial societies). Theories that, like this study, seek to apprehend complexity and more appropriately explain research findings that indicate the spread of design in print is an active circulation of signifying forms in a process of influence, adaptation and exchange.  The argument engages five theoretical debates that are further concerned with contemporary issues of history and its methods as they impinge on graphic design history. They are the current issues of historiography and calls for interdisciplinarity; the status and importance of ephemeral print; relationships of graphic design to modernity; concepts of the peripheral and networks; the use of semiotics in interpreting the visual rhetoric of typography and image.  This investigation, allowing for problems with the survival and attribution of material, is formed by three case studies that encompass a range of processes, media and products. The first considers typography and letterpress through the linked printing and writings of compositor/printer Robert Coupland Harding; the second charts the career of lithographic designer and illustrator Robert Hawcridge and his use of visual syntax, rhetoric and iconography. The third considers the composite local illustrated magazine the New Zealand Graphic and the role of design in editorial and advertising matter.  New knowledge is diverse, establishing crucial facts about design here, its forms, and the importance it was accorded in supposedly slight material. Widespread and unexpected influences and networks of exchange are traced, and the considerable but neglected role of graphic design in social and cultural formation and the early articulations of a national identity are appraised. While of significance for the development of graphic design history, the findings also have relevance for the wider investigations of new history, including transnational, cosmopolitan, technological, and material histories.</p>

scholarly journals Peripheral Visions: Design in ephemeral New Zealand print c1880 – 1914

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Olwyn Cantlon
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Graphic Design ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Design History ◽  
Local Study ◽  
Cultural Formation ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Alternative Approaches

<p>My thesis is an investigation of design in print in New Zealand circa 1880 – 1914, the period in which it is generally accepted graphic design began in the industrial Western nations. The medium of design studied is New Zealand’s most significant printed product, popular everyday ephemera, which is contextualized within local and international print production, technology, and debates concerning design. The research aim is to contribute to new approaches in the proto-discipline of graphic design history, specifically the current debates concerning purpose, scope and methods, by writing a local study that has relevance here and internationally. In this way it joins the growing number of local and national design studies of countries customarily defined as politically, culturally and geographically peripheral. It further explores alternative approaches by using formal analysis as a tool for the interpretation of visual codes and their rhetoric in print to enable the appraisal of local significances and international relationships.  The study follows a model of graphic design as visual communication encompassing purpose, production, and reception, to argue the historic significations, activities, and values of local graphic design are of critical import for their role in social and cultural formation at both national and international levels. It argues against traditional binary models of centre to margin design transmission to assert alternative theories of networks, and of the hybridity of forms (particularly in colonial societies). Theories that, like this study, seek to apprehend complexity and more appropriately explain research findings that indicate the spread of design in print is an active circulation of signifying forms in a process of influence, adaptation and exchange.  The argument engages five theoretical debates that are further concerned with contemporary issues of history and its methods as they impinge on graphic design history. They are the current issues of historiography and calls for interdisciplinarity; the status and importance of ephemeral print; relationships of graphic design to modernity; concepts of the peripheral and networks; the use of semiotics in interpreting the visual rhetoric of typography and image.  This investigation, allowing for problems with the survival and attribution of material, is formed by three case studies that encompass a range of processes, media and products. The first considers typography and letterpress through the linked printing and writings of compositor/printer Robert Coupland Harding; the second charts the career of lithographic designer and illustrator Robert Hawcridge and his use of visual syntax, rhetoric and iconography. The third considers the composite local illustrated magazine the New Zealand Graphic and the role of design in editorial and advertising matter.  New knowledge is diverse, establishing crucial facts about design here, its forms, and the importance it was accorded in supposedly slight material. Widespread and unexpected influences and networks of exchange are traced, and the considerable but neglected role of graphic design in social and cultural formation and the early articulations of a national identity are appraised. While of significance for the development of graphic design history, the findings also have relevance for the wider investigations of new history, including transnational, cosmopolitan, technological, and material histories.</p>

scholarly journals Graphic Design for the Real World? Visual Communication’s Potential in Design Activism and Design for Social Change

Artifact ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katrin Elisabeth Bichler ◽  
Sofie Beier
Keyword(s):  
Graphic Design ◽  
Social Impact ◽  
Interactive Tools ◽  
Design Culture ◽  
The Status ◽  
Alternative Approaches ◽  
Design Activism ◽  
Design For Social Change ◽  
Data Visualizations

This article examines graphic design’s role within design activism. It outlines design activism in general and its relation to commercial design culture in a consumerist economy. Thereafter it discusses persuasive tendencies in graphic design and questions if its current contribution to design activism is limited to its predominant narrow role of persuading for “the good cause.” To illustrate the hypothesis that such a persuasive approach lacks activist potential and thus social impact, cases that represent traditional graphic-design activism are compared to alternative approaches with an informative rather than persuasive character. The latter cases exemplify how information design can challenge the status quo and range from conventional leaflets to interactive tools and data visualizations. The discussion explores how these cases work as a non-commercial service to its audience, rather than solely solving communicative problems for commissioning clients. It is argued that in this way visual communication can intervene into problems on a functional level, similarly to artifacts from design disciplines such as architecture and industrial or product design.

scholarly journals Graphic design for social justice in South Africa

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Latha Ravjee
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Social Justice ◽  
Critical Thinking ◽  
Human Dignity ◽  
Graphic Design ◽  
State Power ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
The Status ◽  
Visual Impact

In this dissertation I examine of the role of graphic design in the struggle for social justice in South Africa - with specific reference to the concept of human rights. I am motivated by an overwhelming awareness that the Bill of Rights in post-apartheid South Africa exists in striking contrast to the daily struggles for human dignity. In addressing this contradiction I present a historical examination that focuses on the visual impact of the creative combination of images and text to effect socioeconomic and political change. Drawing from Steve Biko’s philosophy of psychological liberation and Paulo Freire’s educational philosophy for critical thinking, I distinguish between propaganda and education. I take the stand that people are not really free if they blindly accept the myths of the established state order and I explore the various ways in which society is misguided by these myths. I argue that unlike graphic design that maintains the status quo and represents the propaganda of the established order, ‘graphic design for social justice’ represents the voice of people’s power against state power. Through this study and practice I conclude that the role of graphic design for social justice in South Africa is to uncover the myths of state power by presenting scenarios that encourage critical thinking, dialogue and open debate about power and the abuse of power in the continued struggle for human dignity. It is intended that this body of work, and the exhibition that results from it, contributes in part to the writing and documentation of a history of South African socio-political graphics.

scholarly journals Voice, power and legitimacy: the role of the legal person in river management in New Zealand, Chile and Australia

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erin O'Donnell ◽  
Elizabeth Jane Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Community Support ◽  
Collaborative Governance ◽  
River Management ◽  
Legal Rights ◽  
Legal Person ◽  
Legal Personality ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Right

In 2017, rivers in New Zealand, India and Colombia received legal rights and were granted the status of legal persons. The increased legal powers, often a result of groundbreaking agreements or settlements with Indigenous peoples, may improve environmental protection and river management, but they can also challenge the legitimacy of laws and regulations that protect the rivers. In this paper, we compare the new legal rights with two long-standing uses of legal personality in river management, to explore the effects of legal personality in terms of environmental resource management. We argue that governments must ensure that they get the right balance between giving rivers a voice (and the power to be heard), and creating collaborative governance arrangements that strengthen and maintain community support overtime

Perspectives: English in Japan: The World Englishes Perspective

2004 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Phillip R. Morrow
Keyword(s):  
English Education ◽  
World Englishes ◽  
English Teaching ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Japanese English

This paper examines the role of English in Japan from the World Englishes (WE) perspective, concentrating on two issues: the implications of WE for English education, and the status of Japanese English (JE) as a variety of English. An overview of WE is followed by a discussion of its implications for English teaching in Japan. Important implications include the need to familiarize students with multiple varieties of English and to encourage them to regard all varieties, including their own, as valid. In this connection, the status of JE is discussed and research findings are cited to support recognizing JE as an independent variety of English. この論文では、“World Englishes“(WE)の観点から、二つの関連した問題を検証する。すなわち、(i)WEが日本の英語教育に対して果たす役割、および、(ii)英語の一形態としての “Japanese English “(JE) の位置づけである。 本論では、まず、WEの理論を概観した上で、WEが日本の英語教育において果たす役割を論じる。次に教育において英語のどの形態を用いるべきかということについて、学生に多様な形態に親しませること、および、自分たちの英語を含めて、様々な英語の形態が正当なものであることを学生に気づかせることが重要であることを論じる。これに関連してJEの位置づけを行い、JEは多様な形態をもつ英語の一つとして認めるという主張を裏付ける研究結果について論じる。

scholarly journals Employment and the Post-Release Puzzle: The Lived Experience of Securing Legitimate Work among Women Released from Prison in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jasmin Kale
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
Research Findings

<p>As incarceration rates continue to rise in New Zealand (The Department of Corrections, 2019b), the number of people being released from prison will also rise. Life sentences are rare and therefore, the majority of people who are sent to prison will, at some point, be released to reside in the community again. Despite this, individuals are leaving prison unprepared for life on the outside, and they face a range of barriers as they try to establish new lives for themselves in the community. Employment is often cited as a stabilising factor after prison, a factor which can help a person to rebuild their life and become a contributing member of society. However, having a criminal history can negatively impact employment prospects, making employment difficult to obtain, especially in an increasingly competitive employment market. Thus far, research looking at employment after prison, and at prison and the post-release period in general, has been largely centred around men. Women and their specific needs are often overlooked in the research and in the criminal justice system due to their lower incarceration rates, and solutions, policies and practices are often created with men in mind, then adapted slightly to ‘fit’ women, without much real recognition of women’s different needs (Baldry, 2010; Mills, Kendall, Lathlean, & Steel, 2013). Therefore, the research undertaken for this project explores the role of employment in the lives of women who have recently been released from prison, looking at the benefits of and barriers to employment through the lived experiences of those who are in the post-release period, with a goal of adding to women-focused literature, which is desperately needed. Through semi-structured interviews, and guided by a feminist methodological framework, I drew on this lived experience of the participants and put their voices at the forefront of the research findings. The key finding was that while employment is vital for long-term success after release, the benefits of employment extend far beyond financial security, and employment is one piece of a post-release puzzle, which without the other pieces, is relatively useless on its own. A more holistic approach is needed in the post-release period to promote success.</p>

scholarly journals Will Marley come home? An exploration of the impacts of the Canterbury earthquakes on people’s relationships with their companion animals

2016 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikki Evans ◽  
Maria Perez-y-Perez
Keyword(s):  
Social Work ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Companion Animals ◽  
Work Practice ◽  
Social Work Practice ◽  
Human Relationships ◽  
Social Work Research ◽  
The Status ◽  
Sizeable Number

A sizeable number of New Zealand homes contain at least one companion animal – and many of these are afforded the status of family member by their human owner(s). It follows then that when a series of high-magnitude earthquakes shook the New Zealand city of Christchurch and the Canterbury region it is located within, many people and their companion animals were impacted. Generic and disaster-specific research into animal-human relationships has mostly been undertaken outside of the profession of social work. However, a number of recent social work research and theoretical papers draw attention to the need for this discipline to also embrace this field (Evans Gray, 2012; Morley Fook, 2005; Tedeschi, Fitchett, Molidor, 2005; Risley-Curtiss, Holley, Wolf, 2006b; Risley-Curtiss, 2010). The aftermath of the Canterbury earthquakes has revealed a need to look critically at how animal-human relationships are perceived, and the potential for these relationships to be considered within routine social work assessments and interventions. This paper considers the role of companion animals in people’s lives, addresses the status of these animals during the Canterbury earthquakes, explores issues of loss and resiliency within animal-human relationships and looks at the implications of these relationships for social work practice and research.

scholarly journals ANALYSIS ON FATWA OF MAJELIS PERMUSYAWARATAN ULAMA ACEH (MPU) ON AGAINST PROHIBITION OF PUBG: A LEGAL VIEW BASED ON MASLAHAH AND MAFSADAH

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 181
Author(s):  
Hudzaifah Achmad ◽  
Iqbal Syafri ◽  
Noor Naemah binti Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Terrorist Attacks ◽  
Muslim Community ◽  
The Status ◽  
Muslim Majority

Fatwa has the most important role to play in the development of society from time to time, and without exception Indonesia as a nation with the largest Muslim majority which requires the role of fatwa surely in order to dealt with or adapt to new issues. For instance, the recent fatwa issued by the Ulama Consultative Assembly (MPU) of Aceh on the prohibition of PUBG caused by an incident of terrorist attacks to the Muslim community in New Zealand. Therefore, the aims of this study is to analyse the fatwa issued by Ulama Consultative Assembly (MPU) of Aceg regarding the status haram of the PUBG based on the findins of Islamic principles, maslahah dan mafsadah. Particularly, the objectives of this research are as follows: 1). To explain the factors behind the Ulama Consultative Assembly (MPU) of Aceh in issuing a forbidden fatwa for the PUBG. 2). To describe the arguments or judgments that became the foundation of Ulama Consultative Assembly (MPU) of Aceh regarding their fatwa. 3). To analyse the haram fatwa against PUBG issued by Ulama Consultative Assembly (MPU) of Aceh through the concept of masalah and mafsadah.

scholarly journals Employment and the Post-Release Puzzle: The Lived Experience of Securing Legitimate Work among Women Released from Prison in New Zealand

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Jasmin Kale
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Justice System ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Criminal History ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Barriers To Employment ◽  
Research Findings

<p>As incarceration rates continue to rise in New Zealand (The Department of Corrections, 2019b), the number of people being released from prison will also rise. Life sentences are rare and therefore, the majority of people who are sent to prison will, at some point, be released to reside in the community again. Despite this, individuals are leaving prison unprepared for life on the outside, and they face a range of barriers as they try to establish new lives for themselves in the community. Employment is often cited as a stabilising factor after prison, a factor which can help a person to rebuild their life and become a contributing member of society. However, having a criminal history can negatively impact employment prospects, making employment difficult to obtain, especially in an increasingly competitive employment market. Thus far, research looking at employment after prison, and at prison and the post-release period in general, has been largely centred around men. Women and their specific needs are often overlooked in the research and in the criminal justice system due to their lower incarceration rates, and solutions, policies and practices are often created with men in mind, then adapted slightly to ‘fit’ women, without much real recognition of women’s different needs (Baldry, 2010; Mills, Kendall, Lathlean, & Steel, 2013). Therefore, the research undertaken for this project explores the role of employment in the lives of women who have recently been released from prison, looking at the benefits of and barriers to employment through the lived experiences of those who are in the post-release period, with a goal of adding to women-focused literature, which is desperately needed. Through semi-structured interviews, and guided by a feminist methodological framework, I drew on this lived experience of the participants and put their voices at the forefront of the research findings. The key finding was that while employment is vital for long-term success after release, the benefits of employment extend far beyond financial security, and employment is one piece of a post-release puzzle, which without the other pieces, is relatively useless on its own. A more holistic approach is needed in the post-release period to promote success.</p>

scholarly journals Analysis of the impact of research information on practitioners.

2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (66) ◽  
pp. 45-52
Author(s):  
Dorothy Williams ◽  
Kay Wilson ◽  
Michael McConnell
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Status Quo ◽  
Research Information ◽  
Analysis Techniques ◽  
Informed Decisions ◽  
The Status ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
The Impact

Research findings, if they are to fulfil their purpose, must be perceived as valuable and worth accessing. The role of research is to change the status quo, therefore findings need to be absorbed by practitioners. Research is more than a cycle of methodologies and data analysis techniques for other researchers to use and adapt. It is accepted that findings may not always be relevant to the problems or issues faced by practitioners. Practitioners need to be aware of the range of research undertaken and any findings, in order that they may make informed decisions. Much of the research that is undertaken within the information community addresses issues of concern to practitioners. However, the extent to which practitioners are aware of research, have access to research findings and particularly, how this impacts on their decision making is not well understood. To investigaie the impact of research information on practitioners, it is necessary to look beyond outward behaviour patterns and to try to understand the internal processes which lead practitioners to decisions. There is a need to examine the knowledge of the practitioner and how it is applied. Such an approach would produce a fuller and more useful model of how and why research information impacts on practitioners.

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