scholarly journals Flood of Ecology - Floodplain Habitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher Braczek
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
River System ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Human Modification

<p>Larger and more devastating flood events are happening more frequently across the planet, but flooding is a natural occurrence for any river system. It is only due to human modification of the river system, through the removal of natural features and attempts at flood control, that creates flood hazards that cause damage to communities and ecosystems.  Kapiti Coast’s terrain consisted, pre 19th century, of a mixture of dense coastal forests and extensive wetlands. The landscape has and always will be prone to flooding. With the addition of the expressway to the region, making it easier to travel to and from the capital Wellington, it is expected that the population of Kapiti will grow. But biodiversity may get lost, and flooding may become increasingly more frequent. How might new settlers learn to live with flooding and the constant risk that every time it rains it may cause damage to their homes or businesses? Can there be other benefits to floodplain management, such as biodiversity and recreation?  The aim of this research is to investigate and develop strategies to aid in the settlement of floodplains so that biodiversity is improved, allowing people to live with floods and without the fear that flooding may cause damage. Specifically, the design-led research seeks to generate solutions that improve both flood awareness and flood protection along the Waikanae River. The design seeks to allow the river to express its own flow patterns, and then secondly, how settlement will work within that. It can then be a catalyst for settlement of floodplain areas along the edge of the river.  This thesis will explore how ecology, rehabilitation and natural flood protection can be employed amongst an expanding urban context to create a new way of thinking about our rivers and mitigating the ever pressing issue of flooding.</p>

scholarly journals Flood of Ecology - Floodplain Habitation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Christopher Braczek
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
River System ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Natural Occurrence ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Coastal Forests ◽  
Urban Context ◽  
Human Modification

<p>Larger and more devastating flood events are happening more frequently across the planet, but flooding is a natural occurrence for any river system. It is only due to human modification of the river system, through the removal of natural features and attempts at flood control, that creates flood hazards that cause damage to communities and ecosystems.  Kapiti Coast’s terrain consisted, pre 19th century, of a mixture of dense coastal forests and extensive wetlands. The landscape has and always will be prone to flooding. With the addition of the expressway to the region, making it easier to travel to and from the capital Wellington, it is expected that the population of Kapiti will grow. But biodiversity may get lost, and flooding may become increasingly more frequent. How might new settlers learn to live with flooding and the constant risk that every time it rains it may cause damage to their homes or businesses? Can there be other benefits to floodplain management, such as biodiversity and recreation?  The aim of this research is to investigate and develop strategies to aid in the settlement of floodplains so that biodiversity is improved, allowing people to live with floods and without the fear that flooding may cause damage. Specifically, the design-led research seeks to generate solutions that improve both flood awareness and flood protection along the Waikanae River. The design seeks to allow the river to express its own flow patterns, and then secondly, how settlement will work within that. It can then be a catalyst for settlement of floodplain areas along the edge of the river.  This thesis will explore how ecology, rehabilitation and natural flood protection can be employed amongst an expanding urban context to create a new way of thinking about our rivers and mitigating the ever pressing issue of flooding.</p>

Floodplain Management: A Flood and Land Planning System

1981 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maurice D. Arnold
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Weather Forecasting ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Flood Management ◽  
Planning System ◽  
Floodplain Management ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Banking Regulations ◽  
At Risk Populations ◽  
Disaster Aid

The trauma and loss which we experience from flooding is a measure of the effectiveness of a society's leaders, for the results of land and flood management configurations can be predicted. Floodplain Management (FM) is the only approach that can control excessive runoff and tides in the long term. It is a system for turning flood-plains to needed uses— ‘open’ uses such as farms and parks—and for either floodproofing buildings in flood zones or keeping them out of the floodplain.FM tends in most situations, and indeed in general, to be more economic and less socially costly than other flood-management formats. It allows lands to play more appropriate roles, generally does not fight natural water-cycles, decreases at-risk populations, deals effectively with flood hazards, tends not to destabilize soil and biological systems, and does not require great commitments to maintain.Unfortunately the structural approach is often preferred, and an important, perhaps pivoting, reason is that it is part of a system of largess used by governmental leaders to aid financial constituencies. Political reform is accordingly required.FM tools include citizen intervention; regulation; property rights purchase; flood-control structures; relocation of settlements; weather forecasting, warning, and modification; governmental loan and guarantee activities; government flood insurance; private and governmental disaster aid; banking regulations; farm preservation, erosion control, and water-quality management; parks, refuges, scenic streams, and open spaces; coordination of ‘delivery’ of services; trust, cooperative, and other private arrangements; legal redress; and special planning and executive devices, each of which is considered briefly.

scholarly journals Multi-Sourced Flood Inventories over the Contiguous United States for Actual and Natural Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-47
Author(s):  
Zhijun Huang ◽  
Huan Wu ◽  
Robert F. Adler ◽  
Guy Schumann ◽  
Jonathan J. Gourley ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Hydrological Model ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Flood Event ◽  
Flood Hazards ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Flooded Area

AbstractA reliable flood event inventory that reflects the occurrence and evolution of past floods is important for studies of flood hazards and risks, hydroclimatic extremes, and future flood projections. However, currently-available flood inventories are based on single-sourced data and often neglect underreported or less impactful flood events. Furthermore, traditional archives store flood events only at sparse geographic points, which significantly limits their further applicability. Also, few publicly available archives contain all-inclusive records of potential natural flooded area over time.To tackle these challenges, we construct two types of multi-sourced flood event inventories (MFI) for all river basins across the contiguous United States covering the period 1998-2013 on daily and sub-catchment scales, which is publicly available at http://flood.umd.edu/download/CONUS/. These archives integrate flood information from in-situ observations, remote-sensing observations, hydrological model simulations, and five high quality precipitation products. The first inventory (MFI-Actual) includes all actual floods that occurred in the presence of flood protection infrastructures, while the second, “natural (undefended)” inventory (MFI-Natural) reconstructs the possible “historical” floods without flood protection, which could be more directly influenced by climate variation. In the proposed two inventories, 2,755 and 4,661 flood events were estimated, respectively. MFI-Natural reconstructed 1,597 floods in ungauged basins, and recovered 608 extreme streamflow events in gauged sub-catchments where floods would have happened if there were no flood protection. There is an average of four upstream 44 dams located in these flood-recovered sub-catchments, which indicates that modern flood defenses efficiently prevent significant flooding from extreme precipitation in many catchments over the country.

scholarly journals Planning of technical flood retention measures in large river basins under consideration of imprecise probabilities of multivariate hydrological loads

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 1349-1363 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Nijssen ◽  
A. Schumann ◽  
M. Pahlow ◽  
B. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Large River ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Imprecise Probabilities ◽  
Flood Events ◽  
Modeling Tools ◽  
Statistical Characterization ◽  
Design Floods ◽  
Known Unknowns ◽  
Flood Waves

Abstract. As a result of the severe floods in Europe at the turn of the millennium, the ongoing shift from safety oriented flood control towards flood risk management was accelerated. With regard to technical flood control measures it became evident that the effectiveness of flood control measures depends on many different factors, which cannot be considered with single events used as design floods for planning. The multivariate characteristics of the hydrological loads have to be considered to evaluate complex flood control measures. The effectiveness of spatially distributed flood control systems differs for varying flood events. Event-based characteristics such as the spatial distribution of precipitation, the shape and volume of the resulting flood waves or the interactions of flood waves with the technical elements, e.g. reservoirs and flood polders, result in varying efficiency of these systems. Considering these aspects a flood control system should be evaluated with a broad range of hydrological loads to get a realistic assessment of its performance under different conditions. The consideration of this variety in flood control planning design was one particular aim of this study. Hydrological loads were described by multiple criteria. A statistical characterization of these criteria is difficult, since the data base is often not sufficient to analyze the variety of possible events. Hydrological simulations were used to solve this problem. Here a deterministic-stochastic flood generator was developed and applied to produce a large quantity of flood events which can be used as scenarios of possible hydrological loads. However, these simulations imply many uncertainties. The results will be biased by the basic assumptions of the modeling tools. In flood control planning probabilities are applied to characterize uncertainties. The probabilities of the simulated flood scenarios differ from probabilities which would be derived from long time series. With regard to these known unknowns the bias of the simulations was considered by imprecise probabilities. Probabilities, derived from measured flood data were combined with probabilities which were estimated from long simulated series. To consider imprecise probabilities, fuzzy sets were used to distinguish the results between more or less possible design floods. The need for such a differentiated view on the performance of flood protection systems is demonstrated by a case study.

Researches on the Flood Protection and Anti-Seismic Self-Help Bed

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 393-396
Author(s):  
Jia Bin Lu ◽  
Hong Sheng Zhao ◽  
Xin Lei Guo
Keyword(s):  
Power Supply ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Storage Battery ◽  
Protection Device ◽  
Personal Safety ◽  
Circular Arch ◽  
Self Help ◽  
External Power ◽  
And Storage

In recent years, floods and earthquakes occur frequently and cause great threats and harm to personal safety. On the basis of my patent named anti-seismic bed, which patent id is 200920287683.8, the flood control and anti-seismic bed is proposed. The anti-seismic bed doesn’t need external power supply and storage battery. When an earthquake occurs, the protection device starts and then an circular arch are formed by rotating protection boards. people are protected in bed body in 0.765s. When floods occur, flood protection airbag is filled with gas and launched by the Atmel89C52 microprocessor and YDE-WDT-P sensors. Bed body can float in the flood. Its functions are similar to the rescue boat and can protect human life’s safety.

scholarly journals Assessment of Siltation Processes of the Koronowski Reservoir in the Northern Polish Lowland Based on Bathymetry and Empirical Formulas

Water ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dawid Szatten ◽  
Michał Habel ◽  
Luisa Pellegrini ◽  
Michael Maerker
Keyword(s):  
Flood Control ◽  
Field Measurements ◽  
Suspended Sediments ◽  
River System ◽  
Empirical Formulas ◽  
Filtration Method ◽  
Transport Dynamics ◽  
Sediment Budgets ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Artificial Reservoirs

Artificial reservoirs have an important role in water management of river systems in terms of flood control, water supply and sediment budgeting. Therefore, it is important to maximize the time of their effective functioning. Sediment budgeting mainly depends on sediment transport dynamics. This article illustrates the impact of the Koronowski Reservoir on suspended sediments transported by the Brda River. The river system and the reservoir represent a typical lowland river environment. Our research is based on hydrological and sedimentological investigations on the reservoir and the river system. Field measurements were used to create the respective hydrological and sediment budgets. Moreover, we carried out bathymetric measurements to generate present day bathymetry and to calculate the reservoir’s capacity. We assessed the silting of the reservoir following the approaches proposed by Goncarov and Stonawski. We show that the size and dynamics of suspended sediments are mainly determined by the hydrological conditions. Moreover, we illustrate that the suspended sediment measurements made with the filtration method correlate with the nephelometric results. Generally, we show that the Koronowski Reservoir is mainly filled up by suspended sediments. We further illustrate that the level of siltation estimated with the empirical formulas deviates significantly from calculations made by bathymetric measurements.

scholarly journals Hess Opinions: An interdisciplinary research agenda to explore the unintended consequences of structural flood protection

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (11) ◽  
pp. 5629-5637 ◽  
Author(s):  
Giuliano Di Baldassarre ◽  
Heidi Kreibich ◽  
Sergiy Vorogushyn ◽  
Jeroen Aerts ◽  
Karsten Arnbjerg-Nielsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Interdisciplinary Research ◽  
Research Agenda ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Unintended Consequences ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Unintended Effects ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Structural Measures

Abstract. One common approach to cope with floods is the implementation of structural flood protection measures, such as levees or flood-control reservoirs, which substantially reduce the probability of flooding at the time of implementation. Numerous scholars have problematized this approach. They have shown that increasing the levels of flood protection can attract more settlements and high-value assets in the areas protected by the new measures. Other studies have explored how structural measures can generate a sense of complacency, which can act to reduce preparedness. These paradoxical risk changes have been described as levee effect, safe development paradox or safety dilemma. In this commentary, we briefly review this phenomenon by critically analysing the intended benefits and unintended effects of structural flood protection, and then we propose an interdisciplinary research agenda to uncover these paradoxical dynamics of risk.

scholarly journals GIS technologies for selecting location of dams in the flood control systems

2019 ◽  
Vol 91 ◽  
pp. 07001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mikhail Fedorov ◽  
Vladimir Badenko ◽  
Alexander Chusov ◽  
Vladimir Maslikov
Keyword(s):  
Control Systems ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Control Volume ◽  
Flood Protection ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Engineering Structures ◽  
Gis Technologies ◽  
Far Eastern ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
Considerable Damage

Many floodplains are excluded from development because the floods cause considerable damage to people’s lives and properties. Systems of hydraulic engineering structures for flood protection working with hydropower facilities are analysed to solve the problem of reducing the flood control volume of hydropower station. Methods of reducing the risk of flooding in the river basin by means of a distributed system of detention self-regulated dams are discussed. A geoinformation method used to justify the selection of parameters of such dams, primarily location of dam that minimize impact on the environment (ecological factor), is presented. In the present study, a system of multipurpose flood protection self-regulated dams is analysed as the measures for mitigation of flash floods in the Far Eastern region of Russia.

scholarly journals Centering the Korle Lagoon: exploring blue political ecologies of E-Waste in Ghana

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 448
Author(s):  
Peter C Little ◽  
Grace Abena Akese
Keyword(s):  
Political Ecology ◽  
Ecological Restoration ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Flood Control ◽  
Risk Mitigation ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
River System ◽  
Toxic Waste ◽  
Restoration Project ◽  
Political Ecologies

<p>Among emerging studies of the global political economy and ecology of electronic waste (or e-waste), few directly explore the already complex waste trades and materialities in relation to the general political ecology of water, flood control, dredging, and neoliberal ecological restoration. Even fewer focus on how this political-ecological challenge is unfolding in a West African context where ocean-based e-waste trades have played a dominant role. This article engages this particular domain of blue economic critique by focusing on Ghana in general and what we shall call "blue political ecologies of e-waste" in particular. The article focuses on e-waste politics unfolding in and around the Korle Lagoon in Accra, Ghana. The Korle Lagoon is an urban marine space of intensive land use, toxic waste disposal, social life, and urban ecological restoration. Amidst heavy contamination, there are attempts to rehabilitate the lagoon through the Korle Lagoon Ecological Restoration Project, an ecological science and restoration project focused on the Lagoon and its river system in the metropolitan area of Accra. It showcases the neoliberal complexities of ecological restoration. Importantly, situated in a multi-use marine environment, the project also highlights, we argue, a political ecological moment that is both about things 'blue', like water quality concerns, but also about other things non-blue such as contestation over land and housing, 'green' international NGO intervention on e-waste risk mitigation, and desires for new urban ecologies. Drawing on ethnographic research conducted between 2015 and 2018, this article contributes to blue political-ecological research and critique in Africa by asking: how do e-waste politics leak into discussions of the blue economy along the Korle Lagoon in Ghana? What are the promises and prospects of a blue political ecology of e-waste in general, and in Africa in particular?</p><strong>Key Words</strong>: Political ecology, Ghana, e-waste, lagoon contamination, ecological restoration

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