scholarly journals Clinical Study on the Effects of Different Infusion Solutions on Colloid Osmotic Pressure During Major Abdominal Surgery and Perioperative Albumin in Elderly Patients

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chunyan Zhao ◽  
Cibo Chen ◽  
Bingchun Xia
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Osmotic Pressure ◽  
Colloid Osmotic Pressure ◽  
The Other ◽  
Major Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Objective: To explore the effects of different infusion schemes on colloid osmotic pressure during major abdominal surgery and perioperative albumin in elderly patients. Methods: 140 elderly patients of 65-80 years old undergoing major abdominal surgery were divided into 4 groups according to the method of random number table , and different proportions of crystals and colloids were given to different groups (group A: whole crystal, group B: crystal-colloid ratio 1 : 1, group C: crystal-colloid ratio 2: 1, Group D: crystal-colloid ratio 1: 2).  The plasma colloid osmotic pressure and level of albumin during perioperative period were monitored. Simultaneously observe the arterial blood pH, blood glucose, extubating time of endotracheal tube, postoperative feeding time, et al. Results: The total amount of liquid inputted in the group of whole crystal was 3056ml (3056 ± 253), which was significantly increased compared with other groups (P<0.01). At the same time, the colloid osmotic pressure decreased by 11.9 mmHg (11.9 ± 2.8), which was more obviously decreased than that of the other groups( B group3.9 ± 1.3, C group 1.5 ± 0.3, D group 4.7±2.1). The difference was a statistically significant(P<0.01). On the other day after surgery, the level of albumin decreased by an average of 4.3 g / L (4.5 ± 1.9) compared with that in group B before surgery, and group C decreased by 2.9 g / L (2.9 ± 1.2) in average, which was significantly different (P<0.05) from group A 10.2 g / L (10.2 ± 1.8). There was no statistically significant difference between group A and group D (P>0.05). And the other indexes were not significantly different between the two groups. Conclusion: This study found that different infusion solutions with different crystal-colloid ratios had an effect on perioperative colloid osmotic pressure and level of albumin.

scholarly journals Post-Operative Outcomes of Intravenous Lidocaine Infusion on Major Abdominal Surgery in Pediatric Patients: A Randomized Control Trial in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
Nirupama Saha ◽  
Nadiuzzaman Khan ◽  
Mirza Kamrul Zahid ◽  
Shah Alam Talukder ◽  
ASM Meftahuzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Surgery ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Major Abdominal Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Intravenous Lidocaine ◽  
Operative Outcomes ◽  
Group A ◽  
Randomized Control ◽  
Group B

Background: Post-operative outcomes of a major abdominal surgery depend on careful & effective post-operative management. But it is a critical job especially in children. Obtaining adequate analgesia after major surgery is a problematic issue and postoperative pain still imposes a major burden of suffering in surgical patients.Objectives: The principle objectives of the study is to evaluate the effects of intravenous lidocaine infusion in pain management of pediatric population undergone in major abdominal surgery; to reduce post-operative morbidity & enhance better surgical outcome in children.Methodology: This is a randomized control trial carried out from January 2015-June2015,in a tertiary care hospital among 60 cases of 4 to 14 years children with major abdominal surgery without having any pulmonary, cardiac, hepatic or renal insufficiency. Grouping of patients that is lidocaine infusion group (Group A) and control group (Group B) was made among admitted cases for elective abdominal surgery by simple random technique by means of lottery. For assessment of postoperative pain FLACC Scale was used in both groups. Clinical examination findings & specifically designed data collection sheet with a set questionnaire were used as research instruments. Formulated data was analyzed by SPSS version 17, taking p value <0.05 as significant.Results: It is noted that, after 24 hours of operation most of the patients 56.7% of group A had mild pain whereas 90% patients of group B had moderate pain (p<0.001)& during that time there was no patient with severe pain in group A whereas in group B 10% patients were with severe pain. At 48 hours, pain was absent in 13.3% children of group A and 6.7% in group B. In group A most of the children 76.7%had mild pain compared to moderate pain 18 (60%) in group B children at that hours (P<0.001). Again, regarding required amount of analgesics, patients received I/V lidocaine required less amount of analgesics than its counterpart. In present study, complications was noted only 3.3% patien in group A, where as in the opposite group it was found in 23.3% & p was <0.05. In group A, in 50% patients post operative bowel sound was returned within 72 hours, compared to 73.3% patients in group B. The p value was 0.001. About post-operative hospital stay, 83.3% children of the group A were released from hospital after 5th P.O.D whereas, in group B, only 50% children were released after 7th P.O.D of operation. The P value was 0.03 that is also significant.Conclusion: Intravenous lidocaine could improve immediate and late post-operative pain with early recovery after major abdominal surgery in children & it can contribute to rapid postoperative rehabilitation programs.J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2018, Vol.10(1); 23-27

Relationship between portal venous and hepatic arterial blood flows: spectrum of response

1990 ◽  
Vol 259 (6) ◽  
pp. G1010-G1018 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. Kawasaki ◽  
F. J. Carmichael ◽  
V. Saldivia ◽  
L. Roldan ◽  
H. Orrego
Keyword(s):  
Blood Flow ◽  
Arterial Blood Flow ◽  
Portal Vein Ligation ◽  
Artery Ligation ◽  
Blood Flows ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Group D

The relationship between portal tributary blood flow (PBF) and hepatic arterial blood flow (HAF) was studied in awake, unrestrained rats with the radiolabeled microsphere technique. Six distinct patterns of response emerged. In group A (PBF+, HAF 0), ethanol, acetate, glucagon, prostacyclin, and a mixed diet increased PBF without a change in HAF; in group B (PBF+, HAF+), adenosine and histamine increased both PBF and HAF; in group C (PBF 0, HAF+), isoflurane and triiodothyronine did not change PBF but increased HAF; and in group D (PBF-, HAF+), halothane and vasopressin decreased PBF and increased HAF. Acute partial portal vein ligation decreased PBF (56%) and increased HAF (436%). Hypoxia (7.5% O2) decreased PBF (28%) and increased HAF (110%). In group E (PBF+, HAF-), acute hepatic artery ligation increased PBF (35%) and reduced HAF (74%), while in group F (PBF-, HAF-), thyroidectomy reduced PBF and HAF (36 and 47%, respectively). All blood flow responses were accompanied by the expected changes in both portal tributary and hepatic arterial vascular resistances. The data suggest that the portal and hepatic arterial vascular territories have regulatory mechanisms that allow for independent changes.

scholarly journals The Influence of Different Dexmedetomidine Doses on Cognitive Function at Early Period of Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Extensive Total Hysterectomy

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Huiqiong Huang ◽  
Xiuyi Xu ◽  
Yirong Xiao ◽  
Junxiang Jia
Keyword(s):  
Cognitive Function ◽  
Gynecological Cancer ◽  
Early Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Total Hysterectomy ◽  
Anesthetic Drugs ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Background. This study aims to analyze the influence of different dexmedetomidine doses on cognitive function. It works on early periods of patients undergoing laparoscopic extensive total hysterectomy. Method. 119 patients with gynecological cancer underwent a laparoscopic extensive total hysterectomy. The operation was performed at the Affiliated Women’s and Children’s Hospital of Xiamen University from January 2019 to June 2020. The score of MoCA and the level of TNF-α, IL-6, S-100β protein, NSE, and GFAP of each group were compared 1 day before and after operation and 3 and 7 days after operation. Result. In four groups, remifentanil, sufentanil, and propofol were given in the following order: group A > group D > group C > group B. Group A > group D > group C in terms of time spent in the recovery room, extubation, and recovery from anesthesia. The difference between groups B and C was not significant ( P > 0.05 ). Compared with group A, group B scored higher in MoCA at 1 day (T1), 3 days (T2), and 7 days (T3) after operation ( P < 0.05 ). At the same scoring point, the score was group B > group C > group D > group A. The POCD of four groups all occurred at 3 days after surgery. Compared with the T0 point, the level of TNF-α and IL-6 of the four groups at T1 and T2 was significantly increased ( P < 0.05 ). At T3, the level of TNF-α and IL-6 gradually decreased. At various periods, the levels of S-100 protein, NSE, and GFAP in groups B, C, and D were lower than those in group A (P0.05). Group B had a substantially higher rate of bradycardia than the other three groups (P0.05). The incidence of chills, respiratory depression, and restlessness in group A differed significantly from the other three groups ( P < 0.05 ). Conclusion. Using 0.5 μg/kg dexmedetomidine during the perianaesthesia can effectively reduce anesthetic drugs in patients. They had a laparoscopic extensive complete hysterectomy, which helps to reduce the adverse responses and the occurrence of POCD while also protecting brain function.

scholarly journals A Preliminarily Phylogeny Study of the Eriobotrya Based on the nrDNA Adh Sequences

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang XINAGHUI ◽  
Li PING ◽  
Lin SHUNQUAN ◽  
Hu GUIBIN ◽  
He XIAOLONG
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Tree ◽  
Phylogenetic Relationships ◽  
The Other ◽  
Consensus Tree ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

Phylogenetic relationships of the genus Eriobotrya Lindl. were examined based on the nrDNA Adh sequences. A phylogenetic tree of 14 loquat accessions (species, varieties and forma) was generated by using Photinieae serrulaia L. as an outgroup and Rhaphiolepis indica (L.) Lindl. as an ingroup, which represent the two closest genera of Eriobotyra. The results showed that these loquat accessions were divided into two main clades in the consensus tree. Clade I included E. seguinii Card and group A formed by E. henryi Nakai, E.bengalensis Hook.f., and forma angustifolia Vidal. Clade II is composed of the other taxas which included three groups. E. cavaleriei Rehd and E. fragrans Champ formed group B; group C consisted of E. prinoides Rehd. & Wils. var. dadunensis H.Z.Zhang, and E. japonica Lindl.; and group D included E. deflexa Nakai and E. deflexa Nakai Var.buisanensis NaKai. Since E. deflexa Nakai, E. deflexa Nakai Var.buisanensis NaKai and E. kwangsiensis Chun, were closer in the phylogenetic tree; while E. prinoides Rehd. & Wils. var. dadunensis H.Z.Zhang, E. japonica Lindl, E. prinoides Rehd & Wils and E.elliptica Lindl. were close with each other, they may be locataed at a similar place of the phylogenetic stage. However, E. malipoensis Kuan need further studies on its phylogenetis relationship for it was separated from the others. Results further support the theory that E. cavaleriei Rehd could be a variety of E. fragrans Champ.

scholarly journals Effects of peroral supplementation of different forms of zinc on the ruminal mucosa of goat kids – a morphometric study

2013 ◽  
Vol 82 (4) ◽  
pp. 399-403 ◽  
Author(s):  
Julius Černík ◽  
Leoš Pavlata ◽  
Alena Pechová ◽  
Ľubica Mišurová ◽  
Olga Jokverová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Experimental Period ◽  
The Other ◽  
Morphometric Study ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

The aim of the study was to identify the effect of supplementation of various forms of zinc on the ruminal mucosa and dimensions of ruminal papillae in 6-month-old goat kids. The experimental period lasted from weaning to slaughter (4 months). All 20 kids divided into four groups of five animals, were fed with the same feeding dose, which was different only in the quantity and form of zinc. Control group was without additional zinc supplementation (group A), the other groups were supplemented with zinc in the form of ZnO (group B), zinc in the form of chelate (group C) and zinc in the form of lactate (group D). Samples for histopathological and morphometric examination were collected after the slaughter of all animals from the bottom of saccus ruminis ventralis everytime from the same place. Significant differences were reported within the comparison of the length of ruminal papillae between groups B and C (P = 0.026) and B and D (P = 0.040), within the comparison of the width of ruminal papillae between groups A and D (P = 0.020) and within the comparison of the intensity of keratinisation of the mucosa of ruminal papillae between groups A and B (P = 0.034), A and C (P = 0.038) and A and D (P = 0.001). Histopathological and morphometric examination of ruminal mucosa indicated that the ruminal papillae of kids supplemented with zinc in the form of ZnO (group B) were better developed compared to the other groups. This result indicates better utilisation of the supplemented zinc in the form of ZnO.

scholarly journals Rapid recognition of group B streptococci by pigment production and counterimmunoelectrophoresis

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 287-290
Author(s):  
K Merritt ◽  
T L Treadwell ◽  
N J Jacobs
Keyword(s):  
The Other ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Simple Test ◽  
Serological Testing ◽  
Group B Streptococci ◽  
Columbia Agar ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D ◽  
Sensitive Method

Streptococci from clinical isolates were studied for their ability to produce pigment in stab cultures in Columbia agar. Serological grouping of these organisms was done by counterimmunoelectrophoresis using Burroughs-Wellcome antisera. In this group of isolates, 66 of the 68 organisms grouped as B by serological testing produced pigment in the Columbia agar stab cultures. Pigment was not produced by any of the other 36 streptococci studied (11 group A, 9 group C, 4 group D, and 12 nongroupable). The use of the Columbia agar stab culture is recommended as a rapid and simple test for recognition of group B streptococci. The counterimmunoelectrophoresis test is also suggested as a convenient, rapid, and sensitive method for grouping the streptococci.

scholarly journals Influence of Freeze Acclimation Procedure on Survival and Regrowth of Container-grown Campanula takesimana Nakai.

1997 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Todd A. Herrick ◽  
Leonard P. Perry
Keyword(s):  
Beneficial Effect ◽  
Exposure Duration ◽  
The Other ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Natural Conditions ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Controlled Freezing ◽  
Group D

Crown divisions of Campanula takesimana were potted 1 Sept. 1994 and were grown under natural conditions until 19 Nov., when they were moved into a 3 °C greenhouse. On 15 Feb. 1995, 10 plants were randomly assigned to each of four temperature treatments (−5, −8, −11, and −14 °C), using each of four freeze acclimation procedures designated A through D: group A plants were held at treatment temperatures for 30 minutes; group B plants were first subjected to three alternating freeze-thaw cycles (−3 °C for 24 hours, 3 °C for 24 hours), then held at treatment temperatures for 30 min; plants in group C were held at −1 °C for 14 days and subsequently were exposed to treatment temperatures for 30 minutes; group D plants were held at treatment temperatures for 48 hours. A control group was held at 3 °C for the duration of the study. Following 6 weeks regrowth at 15 °C, plants were rated for survival and regrowth quality relative to unfrozen controls. At treatment temperatures of −8 °C and less, acclimation procedure significantly influenced survival and regrowth quality. Plants exposed to three freeze-thaw cycles had the highest regrowth ratings at treatment temperatures less than −5 °C, with no loss in marketability following exposure to −11 °C. In addition, all plants exposed to freeze-thaw cycles thrived following controlled freezing, whereas those in each of the other groups displayed a decline in survival with decreasing treatment temperatures. Holding plants for 14 d at −1 °C had no beneficial effect on survival or regrowth quality relative to plants held at constant above-freezing temperatures. Increasing exposure duration from 30 minutes to 48 hours significantly reduced regrowth quality at treatment temperatures of −8 °C and −11 °C.

scholarly journals Efficacy of an intercostal nerve block administered with general anesthesia in elderly patients undergoing distal gastrectomy

2015 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 351 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinzhuan Chen ◽  
Jianqing Lin ◽  
Xiaoming Chen ◽  
Caizhu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Patients ◽  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Nerve Block ◽  
Distal Gastrectomy ◽  
Intercostal Nerve ◽  
Intercostal Nerve Block ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Anesthesia Group ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of administration of an intercostal nerve block (INB) with general anesthesia to elderly patients undergoing a distal gastrectomy. Methods: Elderly patients (>65 years) undergoing selective gastrectomy were randomly assigned to three groups (n = 80): general anesthesia (Group A); general + INB anesthesia (Group B); or, general + epidural anesthesia (Group C). General anesthesia was maintained with propofol, remifentanil and cisatracurium. The mean arterial blood pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR) and C-reactive protein (CRP) levels were determined before anesthesia (T0) and at 5 min after intubation (T1), skin incision (T2), exploration of the peritoneal cavity (T3), gastrointestinal anastomosis (T4), end of operation (T5) and 10 min after extubation (T6). Results: MAP decreased at T1 in all groups (P < 0.05) and at T2, T4 and T5 in Group C (P < 0.05) and was lower in Group C than Group B at T2 and T4 (P < 0.05). There were no differences in MAP between Groups A and B or between Groups B and C. HR increased at T2 - T6 in Group A (P < 0.05) and was higher at T2 - T6 in Group B and Group C (P < 0.05). CRP levels decreased at T2 - T5 in Groups B and C (P < 0.05) and were lower in Groups B and C compared with Group A (P < 0.05). Propofol and remifentanil doses were lower in Groups B and C (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively) and patients recovered faster than in Group A (P < 0.05). Conclusion: Administration of INB with general anesthesia enhanced analgesia, led to stable hemodynamics, and reduced anaesthetic consumption and postoperative stress response.

Survival on Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis: Have Results Improved in the 1990s?

1996 ◽  
Vol 16 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 410-413 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Rodríguez-Carmona ◽  
Teresa García Falcon ◽  
Miguel pérez Fontán ◽  
Pablo Bouza ◽  
Magdalena Adeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Elderly Patients ◽  
Patient Survival ◽  
Time Lapse ◽  
The Other ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
Chronic Peritoneal Dialysis ◽  
Technique Survival ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B

One hundred and seventy patients were treated with home peritoneal dialysis (PD) in our unit between 1986 and 1994. During this time lapse, several technical improvements were included in our practice. Among others there were: Swan neck permanent catheters, Y-systems, and automated home PD (APD). We reviewed our experience, to assess if these improvements had any impact on patient and technique survival, comparing patients who started PD between 1986 and 1989 (group A), with those who started PD between 1990 and 1994 (group B). Both groups had a comparable basal comorbidity, except for a higher proportion of elderly patients in group B (mean age 48 vs 58 years, p < 0.01). The incidence of peritonitis was lower in group B, while there were no differences in the rates of catheter-related infection or hospital admission. Also, there were no significant differences in patient or technique survival. The increasing presence of elderly patients in our PD unit was, apparently, determinant for the evolution of patient survival. On the other side, technical improvements had a marginal impact on technique survival. A good general PD survival in both groups, with few patients changing to hemodialysis (HD), may explain the lack of significant differences. In addition, peritonitis and inadequate PD/ultrafiltration (UF) were replaced by abdominal surgical events and social reasons as the main causes for PD failure in the second phase of the study.

Dependence of lung injury on surface tension during low-volume ventilation in normal open-chest rabbits

2007 ◽  
Vol 102 (1) ◽  
pp. 174-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edgardo D’Angelo ◽  
Matteo Pecchiari ◽  
Guendalina Gentile
Keyword(s):  
Lung Injury ◽  
The Other ◽  
Lung Mechanics ◽  
Exogenous Surfactant ◽  
Lung Edema ◽  
Edema Formation ◽  
Open Chest ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Group D

To evaluate the role of pulmonary surfactant in the prevention of lung injury caused by mechanical ventilation (MV) at low end-expiratory volumes, lung mechanics and morphometry were assessed in three groups of eight normal, open-chest rabbits ventilated for 3–4 h at zero end-expiratory pressure (ZEEP) with physiological tidal volumes (Vt = 10 ml/kg). One group was left untreated ( group A); the other two received surfactant intratracheally ( group B) or aerosolized dioctylsodiumsulfosuccinate ( group C) before MV on ZEEP. Relative to initial MV on positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP; 2.3 cmH2O), quasi-static elastance (Est) and airway (Rint) and viscoelastic resistance (Rvisc) increased on ZEEP in all groups. After restoration of PEEP, only Rint (124%) remained elevated in group A, only Est (36%) was significantly increased in group B, whereas in group C, Est, Rint, and Rvisc were all markedly augmented (274, 253, and 343%). In contrast, prolonged MV on PEEP had no effect on lung mechanics of eight open-chest rabbits ( group D). Lung edema developed in group C (wet-to-dry ratio = 7.1), but not in the other groups. Relative to group D, both groups A and C, but not B, showed histological indexes of bronchiolar injury, whereas all groups exhibited an increased number of polymorphonuclear leukocytes in alveolar septa, which was significantly greater in group C. In conclusion, administration of exogenous surfactant largely prevents the histological and functional damage of prolonged MV at low lung volumes, whereas surfactant dysfunction worsens the functional alterations, also because of edema formation and, possibly, increased inflammatory response.

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