scholarly journals Corporate Governance and Firm Efficiency: Empirical Study of Pakistan

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 135-144
Author(s):  
Adnan Ahmad ◽  
Muhammad Nisar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ilyas ◽  
Ihtisham Khan
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Firm Efficiency ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Dummy Variable ◽  
Size Growth ◽  
Input Variables

governance on firm efficiency calculated through Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA) during the period from 2008-2017 for a sample of 136 non-financial firms listed on Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX). DEA is a non-parametric technique developed by Charnes, Cooper and Rhodes (1978) which is used to measure firm efficiency by taking different input and output variables. In this study we have used three input and three output variables for firm overall technical efficiency (OTE) measurement, input variables were Total Assets, Total Liabilities and Cost of Goods Sold (CGS) and output variables were Gross Sales Revenue (Sales), Income before Tax (IBT) and Net Income (NI). Overall technical efficiency was calculated through DEA for selected non-financial firms. In the second stage, the association between firm efficiency measured through DEA and corporate governance estimated by Corporate Governance Index has been fully confirmed in selected firms. Firm size, growth, dummy variable for financial crises 2007-09, GDP growth, and operating cash flows (OCF) were used as control variables. The results show that better implementation of CG practices by the firms will help in increasing their efficiency. In other words, better CG practices help firms to utilize their resources in the better way to produce firm outputs (sales/Profit).

PENGARUH KONSERVATISMA AKUNTANSI TERHADAP EARNINGS RESPONSE COEFFICIENT (ERC) DENGAN CORPORATE GOVERNANCE SEBAGAI VARIABEL PEMODERASI

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olliza Mayesti ◽  
Resti Yulistia Muslim
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
Accounting Conservatism ◽  
Managerial Ownership ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Manufacturing Companies ◽  
Earnings Response Coefficient ◽  
Response Coefficient ◽  
Earnings Response

The objective of this study is to examine whether corporate governance influence the relation between accounting conservatism and Earnings Response Coefficient (ERC). The accounting conservatism proxy used in this research is accruals obtained from differences between net income and cash flow. Sample consists of 31 manufacturing companies that listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange since 2003­2006. Hypotheses are examined by using multiple regressions. The result shows that there is a negative influence of accounting conservatism to Earnings Response Coefficient. Managerial ownership as a moderating variable did not affect the relation between accounting conservatism and Earnings Response Coefficient, but independent board of commissioner composition as a moderating variable affected the relation between accounting conservatism and Earnings Response Coefficient.

scholarly journals The Influence of Future Cash Flow Predictions on Profits in Companies Listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange

2021 ◽  
pp. 026-033
Author(s):  
Titik Purwanti
Keyword(s):  
Cash Flow ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Future Cash Flow ◽  
Operating Profit ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Future Cash Flows

This research was conducted to determine the effect of future cash flow predictions on profits (gross profit, operating profit, and net income) in food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange. The method used in this research used purposive sampling with a population of food and beverage companies listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange for the period 2016-2018. The samples in this research were 19 companies. The results obtained indicate that the operating profit variable has a partial effect on future cash flows, while the net income variable and the gross profit variable do not partially affect future cash flows. Simultaneously, gross profit, operating profit and net income have an effect on future cash flows.

scholarly journals CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN MANAJEMEN LABA RIIL PERBANKAN ISLAM INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zubaedy Sy ◽  
Nuryati Nuryati ◽  
Surifah Surifah
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Islamic Banks

 The main objective of this research is to create good corporate governance that is able to restrictopportunistic REM. The specific objectives of this study are 1) to provide evidence of difference inthe practices of CG and REM in Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks,and 2) to provide empirical evidence of the influence of CG on the REM of Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks.           The study was conducted on Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks from 2011 to 2016by using purposive samplingmethod. The research data is secondary data in the form of annual reports and financial reports originating from the Indonesian Banking Directory, the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Malaysia Stock Exchange. The analysis method used to test the differences between CG and real earnings management is the Man Whitney test whilethe method used to test the effect of CG on the REM of Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia is the multiple regression analysiswithordinary least square.            The results show that the practices of corporate governance in Indonesia and Malaysia have their own strengths and weaknesses. CG mechanism of Indonesia and Malaysia shows lower level in some parts and higher level in other parts. Malaysia’s REM islower than Indonesia’sREM through operating cash flow, investment profit sharing, and discretionary costs. The experimental results show that CG generally does not affect real earnings management and only the independent audit committee who is able to restrictreal earnings management through operating cash flows.            Riset ini  menguji  hubungan antara corporate governance (CG) dan manajemen laba berdasar aktivitas riil  atau disebut real earnings management (REM) bank-bank Islam  di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Tujuan jangka panjang riset ini adalah terciptanya good corporate governace yang mampu membatasi REM oportunistik. Target khusus penelitian ini adalah 1) memberi bukti empiris perbedaan praktik CG dan REM bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia. 2) memberi bukti empiris pengaruh CG terhadap REM bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia.             Metode penelitian menggunakan metode ilmiah - kuantitatif, dengan membangun satu atau lebih hipotesis berdasarkan pada suatu struktur  atau kerangka teori dan kemudian menguji hipotesis-hipotesis tersebut secara empiris. Penelitian dilakukan pada bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia periode waktu 2011 sampai 2016. Metode pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Data penelitian merupakan data sekunder berupa  annual report dan laporan keuangan yang berasal dari Directory Perbankan Indonesia, Bursa Efek Indonesia  dan Bursa Efek Malaysia.  Teknik analisis untuk menguji perbedaan CG dan manajemen laba riil adalah uji beda Man Whitney, sedangkan untuk menguji pengaruh CG terhadap REM Bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia menggunakan analisis regresi berganda ordinary least square.            Hasil menunjukkan bahwa praktik corporate governance Negara Indonesia dan Malaysia, masing masing memiliki kelebihan dan kelemahan. Mekanisme CG ada yang lebih rendah, maupun lebih tinggi antara Negara Indonesia dengan Malaysia. REM Malaysia lebih rendah signifikan dari pada Indonesia, baik melalui arus kas operasi, bagi hasil investasi, maupun biaya diskresioner. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa pada umumnya mekanisme CG tidak berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba riil. Hanya Independensi komite audit yang mampu menekan manajemen laba riil melalui arus kas operasi.Keywords:Corporate governance, real earnings management, Islamic banking.

scholarly journals The Impact of Corporate Governance on Dividend Decisions: Evidence from Non-Financial Sector of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 285-295
Author(s):  
IHTESHAM KHAN ◽  
MUHAMMAD SHAHID ◽  
SHAH RAZA KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Financial Institution ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Board Independence ◽  
Board Size ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Size Firm ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Individual Ownership

This study sought to ascertain the impact of corporate governance on dividend decisions of non-financial firms listed on Pakistan stock exchange (PSX). Panel data was collected from 2011to 2016. Data was collected from Non financial firms annual reports and State Bank of Pakistan (SBP) data base. The STATA software was used to analyze the data. The study investigates the association of firm’s performance and corporate governance. Specifically, this study investigate dividend decision (dividend per share(DPS)), corporate governance (board independence ,board size, size of firm, leverage, profitability, Insider ownership, individual ownership, and institutional ownership). A total of 42 non-financial firms are used to determine this relationship. The results show a positive significant relation between the Profitability, individual ownership with DPS. This study also found a negative and significant relationship between insiders ownership, financial institution ownership with DPS. It has also been found that Board independence, board size, firm size and leverage have negative and insignificant relationship with dividend per share (DPS). Keywords: Corporate Governance, Dividend Decisions, Dividend Policy.

scholarly journals CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DAN MANAJEMEN LABA RIIL PERBANKAN ISLAM INDONESIA DAN MALAYSIA

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Zubaedy Sy ◽  
Nuryati Nuryati ◽  
Surifah Surifah
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Audit Committee ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Profit Sharing ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Real Earnings Management ◽  
Annual Reports ◽  
Islamic Banks

The main objective of this research is to create good corporate governance that is able to restrictopportunistic REM. The specific objectives of this study are 1) to provide evidence of difference inthe practices of CG and REM in Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks,and 2) to provide empirical evidence of the influence of CG on the REM of Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks.           The study was conducted on Indonesian and Malaysian Islamic banks from 2011 to 2016by using purposive samplingmethod. The research data is secondary data in the form of annual reports and financial reports originating from the Indonesian Banking Directory, the Indonesia Stock Exchange and the Malaysia Stock Exchange. The analysis method used to test the differences between CG and real earnings management is the Man Whitney test whilethe method used to test the effect of CG on the REM of Islamic Banks in Indonesia and Malaysia is the multiple regression analysiswithordinary least square.            The results show that the practices of corporate governance in Indonesia and Malaysia have their own strengths and weaknesses. CG mechanism of Indonesia and Malaysia shows lower level in some parts and higher level in other parts. Malaysia’s REM islower than Indonesia’sREM through operating cash flow, investment profit sharing, and discretionary costs. The experimental results show that CG generally does not affect real earnings management and only the independent audit committee who is able to restrictreal earnings management through operating cash flows.            Riset ini  menguji  hubungan antara corporate governance (CG) dan manajemen laba berdasar aktivitas riil  atau disebut real earnings management (REM) bank-bank Islam  di Indonesia dan Malaysia. Tujuan jangka panjang riset ini adalah terciptanya good corporate governace yang mampu membatasi REM oportunistik. Target khusus penelitian ini adalah 1) memberi bukti empiris perbedaan praktik CG dan REM bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia. 2) memberi bukti empiris pengaruh CG terhadap REM bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia.             Metode penelitian menggunakan metode ilmiah - kuantitatif, dengan membangun satu atau lebih hipotesis berdasarkan pada suatu struktur  atau kerangka teori dan kemudian menguji hipotesis-hipotesis tersebut secara empiris. Penelitian dilakukan pada bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia periode waktu 2011 sampai 2016. Metode pengambilan sampel secara purposive sampling. Data penelitian merupakan data sekunder berupa  annual report dan laporan keuangan yang berasal dari Directory Perbankan Indonesia, Bursa Efek Indonesia  dan Bursa Efek Malaysia.  Teknik analisis untuk menguji perbedaan CG dan manajemen laba riil adalah uji beda Man Whitney, sedangkan untuk menguji pengaruh CG terhadap REM Bank Islam  Indonesia dan Malaysia menggunakan analisis regresi berganda ordinary least square.            Hasil menunjukkan bahwa praktik corporate governance Negara Indonesia dan Malaysia, masing masing memiliki kelebihan dan kelemahan. Mekanisme CG ada yang lebih rendah, maupun lebih tinggi antara Negara Indonesia dengan Malaysia. REM Malaysia lebih rendah signifikan dari pada Indonesia, baik melalui arus kas operasi, bagi hasil investasi, maupun biaya diskresioner. Hasil uji menunjukkan bahwa pada umumnya mekanisme CG tidak berpengaruh terhadap manajemen laba riil. Hanya Independensi komite audit yang mampu menekan manajemen laba riil melalui arus kas operasi.Keywords:Corporate governance, real earnings management, Islamic banking.

scholarly journals The Impact of Corporate Governance on Earning Management of Non-Financial Firms: Evidence from Pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 304-312
Author(s):  
MUHAMMAD TAHIR KHAN ◽  
IHTESHAM KHAN ◽  
SHAH RAZA KHAN
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Financial Reporting ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Fixed Effect Model ◽  
Earnings Information ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
The Impact

The main objective of the firm is to maximize the shareholder’s wealth; to achieve this objective the management indulge the earnings information by manipulation practices such practices reduce investors’ confidence. Furthermore, a hypothetical dispute recommends that a better quality of financial reporting reduce the information asymmetry, by refining the corporate governance compliance, result in reducing earnings management practices. Thus the main aim of this study is to explore the impact of corporate governance on earnings management by using panel data sample of 257 non-financial firms listed in Pakistan stock exchange for the period of 2012 to 2019 through Fixed effect model along with control variables. The results disclose that the CG system of Pakistan negatively and significantly impacts the EM activities of the companies registered in Pakistan stock exchange. Hence, concludes that the CG system is more effective to prevent the EM process. The entire results are seamless with prior research work that the effective CG scheme of the firms controls the EM and collapse of businesses. Keywords: Earnings Management, Corporate Governance, Corporate Governance Index.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Corporate Governance Dan Manajemen Laba Terhadap Kebijakan Dividen

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 151
Author(s):  
Agustina Ratna Dwiati ◽  
Muhammad Bisyri Effendi
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Earnings Management ◽  
Multiple Regression ◽  
Dividend Policy ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Investment Opportunity ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Investment Opportunity Set ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe aim of this study is to test the impact of corporate governance and investment opportunity set toward dividend policy with earnings management as intervening variable. The sample of this study is non-financial firms listed in Indonesia Stock Exchange and also a member of Corporate Governance Perception Index on 2012 and 2013. The method that used in this study is multiple regression. The results showed that company with strong corporate governance really cared about shareholders interests by giving high dividend for them. Meanwhile, earnings management has no impact toward dividend policy.

scholarly journals ANALISIS EFISIENSI TEKNIS BANK PEMBANGUNAN DAERAH DI INDONESIA PERIODE TAHUN 2008 – 2009 DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN METODE DEA (DATA ENVELOPMENT ANALYSIS)

Media Ekonomi ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Amrina Rosyada
Keyword(s):  
Data Envelopment Analysis ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Technical Efficiency ◽  
Maximum Efficiency ◽  
Data Envelopment ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Development Bank ◽  
Input Variables ◽  
Regional Development Banks ◽  
Regional Development Bank

The purpose of this research is to acknowledge the level of efficiency from Regional Development Bank (Bank Pembangunan Daerah)/BPD) in Indonesia. This research use non - parametric approach which is DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis), to measure the efficiency of input and output of the Regional Development Banks. The input variables include are interest expense, administration and public expenses and salary expenses and the output variables are interest net income and other operasional income. The research concluded shows that the performance of the technical efficiency of banks BPD is not all reach the level of 100% and showed a fluctuation grow from 2008 – 2009. Pursuant to the technical efficiency level showed that there are 4 banks from 26 existing banks are showing a maximum efficiency. While the remaining 21 BPD banks fluctuating during 2008 to 2009. Keywords : Efficiency, Data Envelopment Analysis (DEA), Regional Development Bank

scholarly journals Impact of Cash Holding on Firm Performance with Moderating Role of Corporate Governance

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-99
Author(s):  
Naveed Anjum ◽  
Dr. Faisal Khan ◽  
Shoib Hassan ◽  
Dr. Muhammad Arif
Keyword(s):  
Corporate Governance ◽  
Firm Performance ◽  
Unobserved Heterogeneity ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Cash Holding ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Moderating Role

The main aim of this research is to analyze the association between cashholding and firm performance with moderating role of corporate governance. For the purpose of analysis, secondary data of 145 non-financial firms listed at Pakistan Stock Exchange (PSX) is taken from 2006-2017. The dynamic Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) is applied to cater the problem of unobserved heterogeneity. The results of this study suggest that cash holding has a significant impact on firm performance. Moreover, corporate governance significantly moderates the relationship between cash holding and firm performance.

Cash and Financial Constraints: An Empirical Analysis of Non-Financial Firms Listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange 2005-2014

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sigit S. Wibowo ◽  
Stefany Lolyta
Keyword(s):  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Cash Holdings ◽  
Cash Flows ◽  
Cash Holding ◽  
External Financing ◽  
Dividend Payment ◽  
Public Firms ◽  
Financial Firms ◽  
Strong Motivation

This study examines corporate motives to hold cash and its equivalents as forms of financing, by using non-financial public firms listed in Indonesian Stock Exchange (IDX) between 2005 and 2014. Three criteria are employed to distinguish constrained and non-constrained firms namely: KZ index, dividend payment, and firm size. Based on the results of PLS, this study finds that the amount of cash holding is increasing along with the increase of cash flows. This result is consistent for both firm categories based on the previous criteria. However, based on the 2SLS method, cash flow does not affect the cash holdings of the firms with financial constraints. The result of this research shows that firms with financial constraints have strong motivation to hold cash due to lack of access to external financing.

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