Importance of Growth Monitoring by a Health Checkup in Detecting Growth Disorders in Young Children

Abstract Background Inappropriate parental behaviors of mothers toward young children require further study; few epidemiological studies have utilized longitudinal analysis of region-based cohorts. This study examined the frequency of incidence of and improvements in inappropriate parental behaviors of mothers with young children and related factors. Methods Among the mothers who underwent a checkup in Fukushima City in 2017, 586 mothers with data from 4-, 18-, and 42-month-old checkups were included in analysis. In this retrospective cohort study, an anonymous database was created by transcribing and matching health checkup records with questionnaires stored at the city health center. Data were analyzed using chi-square tests and logistic regression analysis, using the SPSS Ver.20.0. Results In 28.5% of mothers, inappropriate parental behaviors were not reported in the 18-month-old data but were reported in the 42-month-old data. In 3.8%, inappropriate parental behaviors were reported in the 18-month-old data but were not reported in the 42-month-old data. The most common inappropriate parental behavior reported was “yelling at the child using emotional words” (18-month-old data, 16.2%; 42-month-old data, 39.5%). Mothers with financial difficulties were 2.19 times (95%CI: 1.13–4.26) more likely to begin inappropriate parental behaviors between 18 and 42 months. Improvements in parental behaviors were significantly higher in mothers under 30 years old (p = 0.03). Conclusions It is necessary to identify mothers with financial difficulties early and to examine how to provide childcare and financial support from a local government at the time of child health checkup.

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Small investment, big returns: examining the effects of having a ‘Yellow Card’ on immunization and growth monitoring of young children in Lao PDR

Annals of Global Health ◽

10.1016/j.aogh.2016.04.646 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 82 (3) ◽

pp. 394

Author(s):

A. Mobasser ◽

M. Fong ◽

J. Bitzer ◽

J. Measelle

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Lao Pdr ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Yellow Card

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Seasonal aspects of weight-for-age in young children in Zimbabwe

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1079/phn2000100 ◽

2001 ◽

Vol 4 (3) ◽

pp. 757-764 ◽

Cited By ~ 14

Author(s):

Jim Wright ◽

P Vazé ◽

G Russell ◽

SW Gundry ◽

A Ferro-Luzzi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seasonal Variation ◽

Young Children ◽

Health Information System ◽

Monitoring Programme ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Data Set ◽

Prevalence Studies ◽

Show Evidence ◽

Weight For Age

AbstractObjective:To identify the season with the highest prevalence of underweight among young children and to examine geographical variation in seasonality of underweight.Design:This analysis is based on monthly data from a clinic-based growth monitoring programme that forms part of the National Health Information System. A regression-based technique is used to identify seasonal patterns in both underweight prevalence and attendance nationally and in 60 different districts.Setting:The analysis covers the period 1988–1995 and is based in Zimbabwe.Subjects:The analysis is based on weight-for-age measurements of Zimbabwean children less than 5 years old, who attended health centres as part of a growth monitoring programme.Results:Nationally, a small but significant increase in levels of underweight takes place during January–March. Participation in growth monitoring also varies seasonally and could account for the increase observed. No evidence of seasonal variation in underweight prevalence is found in the majority of districts studied, although 11 of the districts showed a similar pattern to the national data set. This peak in the incidence of poor nutritional status also coincides with the period of food scarcity before harvest, which is also associated with higher prevalence of diarrhoea and malaria. No differences in seasonality of under-nutrition were found between districts with predominantly subsistence agriculture and those with more commercial forms of agriculture.Conclusions:Seasonal variation in child weight-for-age exists in some parts of Zimbabwe, but its effects on cross-sectional prevalence studies are likely to be small. There are no readily discernible differences between areas that show evidence of seasonality in levels of underweight and those that do not.

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Model Development for Fat Mass Assessment Using Near-Infrared Reflectance in South African Infants and Young Children Aged 3–24 Months

Sensors ◽

10.3390/s21062028 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (6) ◽

pp. 2028

Author(s):

Alexander Miller ◽

Jacqueline Huvanandana ◽

Peter Jones ◽

Heather Jeffery ◽

Angela Carberry ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

South African ◽

Fat Mass ◽

Near Infrared ◽

Reference Method ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Infrared Reflectance ◽

Near Infrared Reflectance ◽

Body Composition Assessment ◽

Infants And Young Children

Undernutrition in infants and young children is a major problem leading to millions of deaths every year. The objective of this study was to provide a new model for body composition assessment using near-infrared reflectance (NIR) to help correctly identify low body fat in infants and young children. Eligibility included infants and young children from 3–24 months of age. Fat mass values were collected from dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA), deuterium dilution (DD) and skin fold thickness (SFT) measurements, which were then compared to NIR predicted values. Anthropometric measures were also obtained. We developed a model using NIR to predict fat mass and validated it against a multi compartment model. One hundred and sixty-four infants and young children were included. The evaluation of the NIR model against the multi compartment reference method achieved an r value of 0.885, 0.904, and 0.818 for age groups 3–24 months (all subjects), 0–6 months, and 7–24 months, respectively. Compared with conventional methods such as SFT, body mass index and anthropometry, performance was best with NIR. NIR offers an affordable and portable way to measure fat mass in South African infants for growth monitoring in low-middle income settings.

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Early detection of childhood obesity through extended routine growth monitoring of children below two years of age in the Asia Pacific region.

World Nutrition Journal ◽

10.25220/wnj.v02.i1.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 22

Author(s):

Leilani Muhardi ◽

Eline M Van der Beek ◽

Marieke Abrahamse-Berkeveld ◽

Hamid Jan B. Jan Mohamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Body Composition ◽

Early Detection ◽

Young Children ◽

Early Life ◽

Skinfold Thickness ◽

Fat Deposition ◽

Asia Pacific ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Pacific Region ◽

Asia Pacific Region

Introduction Increased body fat deposition during early life predisposes to higher obesity and metabolic disorder risks in later life. This is particularly relevant in the Asia Pacific region where historically prevalent under-nutrition is now been paralleled or even overruled by over-nutrition over the last few decades. This overview aims to evaluate the potential of early detection of obesity (risk) among experts through addition of specific growth monitoring assessments in children during the first two years of life. Methods A discussion among experts from Malaysia, Singapore, Sri Lanka and Australia on infant growth and a qualitative evaluation of current practice highlighted the need to measure body composition to assess the quality of growth. Current tools are mainly directed towards simple anthropometric measures such as body weight, length and head circumference which do not adequately reflect concurrent changes in body composition to detect early life adiposity development. Recent findings have shown benefits of measurement such as the sum of four skinfold thickness (S4SFT) during the first two years of life for risk assessment of later overweight/obesity. We recommend this assessment for routine practice as a proxy for fat deposition in young children. Further studies to understand implementation hurdles and cost-effectiveness of S4SFT and health outcomes in young children in the Asia Pacific region are necessary. Conclusion Inclusion of four skinfold thickness measurements as part of routine growth monitoring assessment, in addition to weight and height, could be recommended to assess adiposity development in early life allowing identification of infants at risk for obesity.

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The short child: Importance of early detection and timely referral

Malaysian Family Physician ◽

10.51866/rv1157 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 16 (3) ◽

pp. 6-15

Author(s):

Meenal Mavinkurve ◽

Azriyanti Anuar Zaini ◽

Muhammad Yazid Jalaludin

Keyword(s):

Early Recognition ◽

Review Article ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Clinical Approach ◽

Growth Disorders ◽

Common Phenomenon ◽

Raising Awareness ◽

Outcomes For Children ◽

Growth Assessment ◽

Timely Referral

Stunting is a common phenomenon in Malaysian children. Optimising outcomes for children with growth disorders rests on early recognition and prompt referral. In this context, a framework for the clinical approach can help to guide appropriate growth assessment and referral. This review article aims to provide family medicine specialists with such a framework whilst raising awareness about the shortcomings of the existing growth monitoring system in Malaysia. It also invites readers to consider additional measures that could further optimise this system.

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Development and testing of a novel 'GrowthMonitor' Smartphone App for growth monitoring and the detection of growth disorders

Endocrine Abstracts ◽

10.1530/endoabs.77.lb15 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Thilipan Thaventhiran ◽

Vincent Harding ◽

Anne Hsu ◽

Leo Dunkel ◽

Paul Chapple ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Smartphone App ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Growth Disorders

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Routine growth monitoring and assessment of growth disorders

Journal of Pediatric Health Care ◽

10.1016/0891-5245(92)90095-l ◽

1992 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 291-301 ◽

Cited By ~ 7

Author(s):

Judith J. Henry

Keyword(s):

Growth Monitoring ◽

Growth Disorders

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Under nutrition and Associated factors among infants and young children age 6-23 months attending Minilik II Hospital, Ethiopia, 2021.

10.21203/rs.3.rs-820456/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Lelisa Worku ◽

Desta Assefie ◽

Dube Jara ◽

Addisu Tadesse

Keyword(s):

Young Children ◽

Associated Factors ◽

Addis Ababa ◽

Young Age ◽

Nutritional Deficiencies ◽

Anthropometric Measurement ◽

Growth Monitoring ◽

Under Nutrition ◽

The Impact ◽

Infants And Young Children

Abstract Globally, 47 million children young age were wasted, 14.3 million are severely wasted and 144 million are stunted. Around 45% of deaths among children are linked to undernutrition. The impact undernutrition is more severe among children age 6–23 months as this period is critical for child development, and irreversible damages can occur due to nutritional deficiencies. Hence aimed to assess magnitude of under nutrition and associated factors among infants and young children age 6–23 months attending Minilik II hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Hospital based cross-sectional study was conducted among 377 Infant and young children age 6–23 months were selected using simple random sampling method. Data was collected using face-to-face interview with family and anthropometric measurement was taken. The anthropometric measurements of children were evaluated using WHO standard Antro software. Descriptive statistics was used to describe the characteristics of study population. Logistic regression was fitted to identify factors associated with under nutrition. The study revealed about 34.1% of young age children were under nutrition while 28.8% of them stunted, underweight 10.2% and 4.7% of them were wasted. Working condition of mother (AOR = 6.142, 95% CI: 2.90-13.01), education status of the mother (AOR = 5.75, 95% CI : 2.621–12.624), household live in rent house (AOR = 3.03, 95% CI: 1.30–7.04), illness/disease (AOR = 5.69, 95% CI: 2.360-13.623), inappropriate complementary feeding (AOR = 3.10, 95% CI: 1.37–7.04), breast feeding, receiving vitamin A (AOR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.08–0.34) and growth monitoring (AOR = 0.288 at 95% CI (0.14–0.58) were found to have statistically significant association with children under nutrition.

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