Metode Diplomatik dalam Mengidentifikasi Kandungan Isi Naskah Gulungan Berbahan Daluang Koleksi Candi Cangkuang

Panggung ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tedi Permadi
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Script Identification ◽  
Identification Techniques

ABSTRACTThis paper presents the results of the identification of rolled manuscripts made of daluang using diplomatic method. This method aims at getting the authenticity of the script based on the information that accompanies the text with the internal evidence contained in the manuscript. In terms of script identification techniques, diplomatic method utilizes direct observation techniques, assisted by other descriptions of contemporary manuscript as an evidence and support of the relevant literature. The use of diplomatic method in identifying rolled manuscripts produces the characteristics of the material, the literacy/language used in the text, and the editorial lapses contained in the text, but the identity of the author or the copyist and the time of the writing or copying manuscripts could not be found.Keywords: Manuscript identification, daluang, diplomatic method ABSTRAKTulisan ini menyajikan hasil identifikasi naskah gulungan berbahan daluang dengan menggunakan metode diplomatik. Metode diplomatik bertujuan untuk mendapatkan keaslian naskah berdasarkan informasi yang ada di dalam teks dengan bukti internal yang terkandung dalam naskah tersebut. Dalam hal teknik identifikasi naskah, metode diplomatik memanfaatkan teknik observasi langsung, dibantu dengan deskripsi dari naskah kontemporer lain sebagai bukti dan pendukung literatur yang relevan. Penggunaan metode diplomatik dalam mengidentifikasi naskah gulungan menghasilkan karakteristik material, huruf/bahasa yang digunakan dalam teks, dan penyimpangan editorial yang terkandung dalam teks, tetapi tidak bisa menemukan identitas penulis atau penyalin dan waktu penulisan atau penyalinan naskah.Kata kunci: Identifikasi naskah, daluang, metode diplomatik

scholarly journals The Local Wisdom Value Of Mandhasiya Tradition (Study of Hindu Education)

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Heny Perbowosari
Keyword(s):  
Religious Education ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Religious Values ◽  
Environmental Preservation ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Village Community

<p><em>Mandhasiya</em> tradition is one of the local wisdom that is still carried out by the Gumeng Village community in Jenawi District, Karanganyar Regency. This tradition is believed by the community as a sacred and religious meaning, so the community is still encouraged to carry out this ritual. This study aimed at describing the reasons of Gumeng villagers to keep maintaining the <em>Mandhasiya</em> tradition, especially the local wisdom value of the <em>Mandhasiya</em> Tradition in the study of Hinduism education in Gumeng Village, Jenawi District, Karanganyar Regency and the implications of the <em>Mandhasiya</em> tradition toward Hindu communities in Gumeng Village, Jenawi District, Karanganyar Regency.</p><p>This study used a qualitative method with a socio-cultural phenomenology approach. The primary data were collected by direct observation and interviews, while the secondary data by the exploration of journals, research results, and relevant literature sources. The results of this study concluded that 1) The reason to keep maintaining the <em>Mandhasiya</em> tradition by the Gumeng village community in Jenawi Subdistrict, Karanganyar Regency because of the desire to preserve the Javanese culture, ask for salvation to the Almighty God, maintain harmony among people, as well as trust in myths 2) <em>Mandhasiya</em> tradition have values of local wisdom based on the study of Hindu religious education, they are: religious values <em>(Sraddha),</em> togetherness values <em>(Tat Twam Asi),</em> environmental preservation values <em>(Tri Hita Karana),</em> sincerity values <em>(Yajna),</em> 3) implications of the <em>Mandhasiya</em> Tradition toward the society in Gumeng village, Jenawi Subdistrict, Karanganyar Regency is strengthening the community religiosity, strengthening solidarity, being involved in collective worship, and creating community welfare.</p>

Session identification techniques used in web usage mining

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
pp. 1033-1053 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahjat Fatima ◽  
Huma Ramzan ◽  
Sohail Asghar
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Web Usage Mining ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Web Usage ◽  
Review Protocol ◽  
Comprehensive Search ◽  
Identification Techniques

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to critically analyze the state-of-the-art session identification techniques used in web usage mining (WUM) process in terms of their limitations, features, and methodologies. Design/methodology/approach In this research, systematic literature review has been conducted using review protocol approach. The methodology consisted of a comprehensive search for relevant literature over the period of 2005-2015, using four online database repositories (i.e. IEEE, Springer, ACM Digital Library, and ScienceDirect). Findings The findings revealed that this research area is still immature and existing literature lacks the critical review of recent session identification techniques used in WUM process. Originality/value The contribution of this study is to provide a structured overview of the research developments, to critically review the existing session identification techniques, highlight their limitations and associated challenges and identify areas where further improvements are required so as to complement the performance of existing techniques.

Direct Observation of Heat Exchanger Deposits by Cross Sectioning

1967 ◽  
Vol 25 ◽  
pp. 364-365
Author(s):  
R. W. Anderson ◽  
D. L. Senecal
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Heat Exchanger ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Preparation Method ◽  
Specimen Preparation ◽  
Flowing Water ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Deposit Layer

A problem was presented to observe the packing densities of deposits of sub-micron corrosion product particles. The deposits were 5-100 mils thick and had formed on the inside surfaces of 3/8 inch diameter Zircaloy-2 heat exchanger tubes. The particles were iron oxides deposited from flowing water and consequently were only weakly bonded. Particular care was required during handling to preserve the original formations of the deposits. The specimen preparation method described below allowed direct observation of cross sections of the deposit layers by transmission electron microscopy.The specimens were short sections of the tubes (about 3 inches long) that were carefully cut from the systems. The insides of the tube sections were first coated with a thin layer of a fluid epoxy resin by dipping. This coating served to impregnate the deposit layer as well as to protect the layer if subsequent handling were required.

Application of a Simple Cold Stub to the Direct Observation of Frozen Hydrated Sand

1973 ◽  
Vol 31 ◽  
pp. 212-213
Author(s):  
John M. Wehrung ◽  
Richard J. Harniman
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Surface Water ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Clay Particles ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Rock Formations ◽  
Water Tables ◽  
Permeable Rock ◽  
Natural Means

Water tables in aquifer regions of the southwest United States are dropping off at a rate which is greater than can be replaced by natural means. It is estimated that by 1985 wells will run dry in this region unless adequate artificial recharging can be accomplished. Recharging with surface water is limited by the plugging of permeable rock formations underground by clay particles and organic debris.A controlled study was initiated in which sand grains were used as the rock formation and water with known clay concentrations as the recharge media. The plugging mechanism was investigated by direct observation in the SEM of frozen hydrated sand samples from selected depths.

Direct Observation of the Diffusionless β → β + ω Transformation in Titanium Alloys

1971 ◽  
Vol 29 ◽  
pp. 122-123
Author(s):  
N. E. Paton ◽  
D. de Fontaine ◽  
J. C. Williams
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Titanium Alloys ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Dark Field ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Resistivity Measurements ◽  
Selected Area Electron Diffraction ◽  
Ti Alloys ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Field Device

The electron microscope has been used to study the diffusionless β → β + ω transformation occurring in certain titanium alloys at low temperatures. Evidence for such a transformation was obtained by Cometto et al by means of x-ray diffraction and resistivity measurements on a Ti-Nb alloy. The present work shows that this type of transformation can occur in several Ti alloys of suitable composition, and some of the details of the transformation are elucidated by means of direct observation in the electron microscope.Thin foils were examined in a Philips EM-300 electron microscope equipped with a uniaxial tilt, liquid nitrogen cooled, cold stage and a high resolution dark field device. Selected area electron diffraction was used to identify the phases present and the ω-phase was imaged in dark field by using a (101)ω reflection. Alloys were water quenched from 950°C, thinned, and mounted between copper grids to minimize temperature gradients in the foil.

A New 1000kv Electron Microscope

1969 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 100-101
Author(s):  
J.L. Williams ◽  
K. Heathcote ◽  
E.J. Greer
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscope ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
High Voltage ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Structure ◽  
Specimen Thickness ◽  
Voltage Electron ◽  
High Voltage Electron Microscope ◽  
Dynamic Experiments ◽  
Conventional Instrument

High Voltage Electron Microscope already offers exciting experimental possibilities to Biologists and Materials Scientists because the increased specimen thickness allows direct observation of three dimensional structure and dynamic experiments on effectively bulk specimens. This microscope is designed to give maximum accessibility and space in the specimen region for the special stages which are required. At the same time it provides an ease of operation similar to a conventional instrument.

Direct Observation of Monolayer Zones in Al-wt 4% Cu

1990 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 14-15
Author(s):  
B. Jouffrey ◽  
D. Dorignac ◽  
A. Bourret
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Synchrotron Radiation ◽  
Direct Observation ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
Original Model ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Image Position

Since the early works on GP zones and the model independently proposed by Preston and Guinier on the first steps of precipitation in supersaturated solid solution of aluminium containing a few percent of copper, many works have been performed to understand the structure of different stages in the sequence of precipitation.The scheme which is generally admitted can be drawn from a work by Phillips.In their original model Guinier and Preston analysed a GP zone as composed of a single (100) copperrich plane surrounded by aluminum atomic planes with a slightly shorter distance from the original plane than in the solid solution.From X-ray measurements it has also been shown that GP1 zones were not only copper monolayer zones. They could be up to a few atomic planes thick. Different models were proposed by Guinier, Gerold, Toman. Using synchrotron radiation, proposals have been recently made.

Clinical Update: Functional Capacity Evaluations and Disability

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Glenn Pransky
Keyword(s):  
Direct Observation ◽  
Functional Capacity ◽  
Work Capacity ◽  
Functional Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Validity Of Results ◽  
Job Tasks ◽  
Capacity Evaluation ◽  
Physical Abilities ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract According to the AMA Guides to the Evaluation of Permanent Impairment, a functional capacity evaluation (FCE) measures an individual's physical abilities via a set of activities in a structured setting and provides objective data about the relationship between an impairment and maximal ability to perform work activities. A key distinction between FCEs and self-reported activities of daily living is that the former involve direct observation by professional evaluators. Numerous devices can quantify the physical function of a specific part of the musculoskeletal system but do not address the performance of whole body tasks in the workplace, and these devices have not been shown to predict accurately the ability to perform all but the simplest job tasks. Information about reliability has been proposed as a way to identify magnification and malingering, but variability due to pain and poor comprehension of instructions may cause variations in assessments. Structured work capacity evaluations involve a set of activities but likely underestimate the individual's ability to do jobs that involve complex or varying activities. Job simulations involve direct observation of an individual performing actual job tasks, require a skilled and experienced evaluator, and raise questions about expense, time, objectivity and validity of results, and interpretation of results in terms of the ability to perform specific jobs. To understand the barriers to return to work, examiners must supplement FCEs with information regarding workplace environment, accommodations, and demotivators.

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