scholarly journals The Role of Motives in Understanding the Link Between Personality and Cannabis Misuse

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karen Tang ◽  
Elijah Otis ◽  
Alexandra Loverock ◽  
Cameron Wild ◽  
Igor Yakovenko
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Substance Misuse ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Cannabis Use Disorder ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Problem Severity ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Mediator

Background and aim: A robust association exists between substance use and personality, with personality risk factors representing phenotypes of vulnerability to substance misuse. As such, personality risk factors may be valuable constructs for understanding specific motivations for substance misuse. Given the loosening of restrictions on cannabis worldwide, research focusing on understanding cannabis use in young adults, a particularly at-risk population, remains a vital area of research. The existing data provides extensive support for the mediating role of coping motives on personality risk factors and problematic cannabis use; however, the role of other types of motives has remained largely unexplored. Our study examined the mediating role of cannabis use motives between personality and cannabis misuse among university students. We also explored the predictive value of personality phenotypes for cannabis use problems. Research question and hypothesis: Do motivations for cannabis use mediate or explain the relationship between personality type and cannabis use problem severity? Hypothesis 1: sensation-seeking (SS) and impulsivity (IMP), but not anxiety sensitivity and hopelessness, will be associated with greater cannabis use problem severity. Hypothesis 2: motives for use (i.e., coping, conformity, social, enhancement, expansion) will mediate the association between personality risk and cannabis use problem severity. Method: A survey was administered to 1073 undergraduate students. We examined whether motivations for use (mediator variable) explained the relationship between personality (predictor variable) and cannabis use disorder severity (outcome variable) using an ordinary least-squares (OLS) based mediation analysis. Results: As hypothesized, SS and IMP predicted greater cannabis use problems. A noteworthy finding was that conformity motives were a significant mediator between SS and IMP and cannabis use, whereby higher levels of SS/IMP led to greater endorsement of conformity motives, which in turn led to lower cannabis misuse. Enhancement motives were also a significant mediator between IMP and cannabis use. Expansion motives were a significant mediator between SS and cannabis use. Conclusion: Understanding reasons for use (i.e., motives) allows us to identify those at greatest risk for cannabis misuse. Findings from this study may help explain the underlying mechanisms by which personality risk factors lead to cannabis use disorder in young adults. A greater understanding of these personality phenotypes may have implications for the development of personality-specific interventions for cannabis use.

Feeling Guilty and Flattering God: The Mediating Role of Prayer

2021 ◽  
pp. 009164712199242
Author(s):  
Beata Zarzycka ◽  
Kamil Tomaka ◽  
Katarzyna Zając ◽  
Klaudia Marek
Keyword(s):  
Low Power ◽  
High Power ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Shame Proneness ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Mediator

Ingratiation refers to acts of flattery, typically given by a low-power person to a high-power one, performed to gain acceptance and approval. This study investigates ingratiation in the religious setting, asking whether people feeling high levels of guilt or shame tend to manifest such ingratiating behavior toward God. The study aimed to examine the mediating role of prayer in the relationship between guilt and shame and ingratiation toward God. A total of 148 respondents (80 women and 68 men) participated in the study. The Religious Ingratiation Scale, the Content of Prayer Scale, and the Guilt and Shame Proneness Scale were applied to the research. The results showed that feeling guilty increased the tendency to ingratiation toward God. Prayer was the significant mediator in this relationship. People high in guilt tend to flatter God by offering more adoration and fewer repine prayers.

scholarly journals Trait Emotional Intelligence, Coping Strategies, and Self-Esteem in Romanian Adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 178-186
Author(s):  
Sabina Alexandra Dumitrescu
Keyword(s):  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Adaptive Coping ◽  
Trait Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Psychometric Instruments ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Significant Mediator

In this study we have succeeded to render an authentic image of Romanian adolescents in terms of EI, coping strategies, and self-esteem. The study involved 211 adolescents aged between 15 and 18, who attend high school in Bucharest. The aim of the study was to identify the relationships between EI and coping strategies, EI and self-esteem, but also the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between EI and coping strategies. Three psychometric instruments were used: TEIQue ASF for the assessment of EI, the Self-Perception Profile for Adolescents for self-esteem, and CERQ for coping strategies. The results have shown that EI predicts the nature of the coping strategies chosen by adolescents when confronted with stressful situations. Also, self-esteem has proven to be a significant mediator only in the relationship between EI and maladaptive coping, improving its effects, but not in the relationship between EI and adaptive coping.

Optimism and dispositional hope to promote college students’ subjective well-being in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 87-96
Author(s):  
Emel Genç ◽  
Gökmen Arslan
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Young Adults ◽  
Satisfaction With Life ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Subjective Well Being ◽  
Life Changes ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
High Level ◽  
The Relationship

Coronavirus stress with the restrictions and unexpected life changes has affected individuals and their satisfaction with life. This study aimed to examine the mediating role of optimism and hope on the relationship between coronavirus stress and subjective wellbeing among young adults in Turkey. A sample of 331 (M= 20.86 and 64% females) college students participated in this study. The results demonstrated that coronavirus stress was negatively associated with the college students’ sense of hope and optimism. Moreover, coronavirus stress had an indirect effect on subjective well-being through optimism and hope. Optimism and hope mitigated the adverse impacts of stress on well-being during the pandemic. These results indicated that young adults with a high level of stress due to coronavirus have lower optimism and hope, which in turn have less subjective well-being. The study findings hence highlight that being hopeful and optimistic are the potential resources to explain how coronavirus stress is related to subjective well-being.

Relationship Between Perfectionism and Depression Among Chinese College Students With Self-Esteem as a Mediator

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-503 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Chai ◽  
Wenhui Yang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Shuyu Chen ◽  
Dwight A. Hennessy ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Self Esteem ◽  
Epidemiologic Studies ◽  
Chinese College Students ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Maladaptive Perfectionism ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Adaptive Perfectionism ◽  
Significant Mediator

Objectives This study is designed to examine the mediating role of self-esteem (SE) in the relationship between perfectionism and depression among a nonclinical sample of 918 Chinese college students. Methods Participants completed a questionnaire battery that included measures of perfectionism (Almost Perfect Scale-Revised), depression (Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression), and self-esteem (The Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale). Results The results showed that maladaptive perfectionism significantly and positively predicted depression, while adaptive perfectionism and self-esteem negatively predicted depression. More importantly, self-esteem partially mediated the prediction of depression from both adaptive perfectionism and maladaptive perfectionism. Conclusion Self-esteem was a significant mediator on the relationship between perfectionism and depression. Elevating student self-esteem may be a way of reducing depression, particularly among maladaptive perfectionists.

scholarly journals Mediating role of poverty in the association between environmental factors and cognitive performance in preschoolers

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-38
Author(s):  
Carolina Fracchia ◽  
María Soledad Segretin ◽  
María Julia Hermida ◽  
Lucía Prats ◽  
Sebastián J. Lipina
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Environmental Factors ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Inhibitory Control ◽  
Maternal Age ◽  
Executive Attention ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Fluid Reasoning ◽  
The Relationship

TThe association between environmental factors and cognitive performance during childhood could be mediated by poverty (i.e., households with Unsatisfied or Satisfied Basic Needs). This study explored such mediating roles in preschoolers from different socioeconomic backgrounds. Tasks to assess executive attention, working memory, inhibitory control, planning, and fluid reasoning were administered to 250 children aged 4 and 5 years. The results suggested that poverty mediated the effects of family composition, child health, health risk factors, children and adults at home, maternal age, and literacy activities on the performance of executive attention, fluid reasoning, and inhibitory control. These results contribute to our understanding of the relationship between environmental factors and cognitive development through the identification of the mediating role of poverty.

The Mediating Role of Perceived Value in the Effect of Multi-Dimensional Risk in Mobile Banking

2021 ◽  
pp. 717-744
Author(s):  
Long Pham ◽  
Stan Williamson ◽  
Cyrus Mohebbi ◽  
Binh Nguyen ◽  
Hien Nguyen
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Commercial Banks ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Perceived Value ◽  
Intention To Use ◽  
Mobile Banking ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines which risk factors contribute most to perceived risk in Vietnam's mobile banking environment; explores the relationships among perceived risk, perceived value and intention to use mobile banking in Vietnam's mobile banking environment; and investigates any mediating role perceived value may have in the relationship between perceived risk and intention to use mobile banking in Vietnam's mobile banking environment. A convenience sample of 403 respondents who were customers of one of the largest joint stock commercial banks in Vietnam was used. The results of this study indicated that perceived risk is negatively related to intention to use mobile banking; that perceived value is positively associated with intention to use mobile banking; that perceived risk is negatively related to perceived value; and that perceived value plays a partial mediating role in the relationship between perceived risk and intention to use mobile banking.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Drug Consumption and Dating App Use: Results from an Italian Survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 290
Author(s):  
Luca Flesia ◽  
Valentina Fietta ◽  
Carlo Foresta ◽  
Merylin Monaro
Keyword(s):  
Illicit Drugs ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Cannabis Use ◽  
Drug Consumption ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Italian Survey ◽  
Dating Apps ◽  
Independent Behaviors ◽  
The Relationship

To date, the literature regarding the relationship between drug consumption and dating app use is still very scant and inconclusive. The present study was thus aimed at investigating the association between drug consumption and dating app use in the general population. A total of 1278 Italian respondents completed an online ad hoc questionnaire assessing drug consumption (cannabis versus other illicit drugs), dating app use, the primary motive for installing dating apps, and demographics. Multiple logistic regression analyses were run to investigate the role of demographics and dating app use on drug consumption. Being single predicted cannabis use. Using dating apps accounted for higher odds of cannabis use; however, people who intensely used the apps were less likely to consume marijuana. Conversely, dating app use was not associated with the consumption of other drugs. This study suggests the presence of common underlying factors between dating app use and cannabis use, and it highlights the mediating role of the intensity of app use. Conversely, the study suggests that dating app use and the use of other drugs are quite independent behaviors.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Obligatory Exercise and Eating Attitudes, and the Mediating Role of Sociocultural Attitudes towards Appearance during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (12) ◽  
pp. 4286
Author(s):  
Hongying Fan ◽  
Youteng Gan ◽  
Ruohang Wang ◽  
Siming Chen ◽  
Małgorzata Lipowska ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Eating Attitudes ◽  
Exercise Behavior ◽  
Mediation Effect ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Sociocultural Attitudes ◽  
Obligatory Exercise ◽  
Eat 26 ◽  
The Relationship

A strong sociocultural context could affect an individual’s aesthetic standards. In order to achieve a socially recognized ideal appearance, obligatory exercisers might increase dieting behavior when exercise actions are disturbed, thereby placing the individual at risk of eating disorders. The current study mainly examined the relationship between obligatory exercise and eating attitudes during the COVID-19 pandemic, and considered the mediating role of externalized sociocultural attitudes towards appearance between the two. A total of 342 participants (175 females, 167 males) from various regions of China were invited to fill out the questionnaires including the Obligatory Exercise Questionnaire, the Sociocultural Attitudes Toward Appearance Questionnaire-3, and the Eating Attitudes Test. In total, 51.5% of the participants presented symptoms of an obligatory exercise behavior. Among them, males, young adults, and the participants with lower BMI had higher OEQ scores, whereas females and young adults had higher EAT-26 scores. Meanwhile, 9.4% of the participants might have had an eating disorder. The OEQ score was positively correlated with the EAT-26 total score as well as SATAQ-3 ‘Pressures’ and ‘Information’ subscales. In addition, the EAT-26 total score was positively correlated with the SATAQ-3 ‘Pressures’ and ‘Information’ subscales. Externalized sociocultural attitudes towards appearance served as a mediator between obligatory exercise behavior and eating attitudes, and the mediation effect accounted for 56.82% of the total effect. Obligatory exercise behavior may have an indirect effect on eating attitudes through sociocultural attitudes towards appearance. Given the sociocultural information and pressures, in order to maintain or pursue an ideal appearance, many people tend to keep a pathological diet. Thus, forming a positive and healthy social aesthetic orientation is beneficial in helping obligatory exercisers to develop reasonable eating habits.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document