scholarly journals Fungal Contaminants of Spices Used in Tunisia

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 698-703
Author(s):  
R. Saidi ◽  
A. Gritli ◽  
M. Ben Rhaiem ◽  
I. Mnejja ◽  
B. Jemli
Keyword(s):  
Fungal Contaminants

PCR Detection of Alternaria spp. in Processed Foods, Based on the Internal Transcribed Spacer Genetic Marker

2011 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 240-247 ◽  
Author(s):  
MIGUELÁNGEL PAVÓN ◽  
ISABEL GONZÁLEZ ◽  
MARÍA ROJAS ◽  
NICOLETTE PEGELS ◽  
ROSARIO MARTÍN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Processing ◽  
Internal Transcribed Spacer ◽  
Rapid Identification ◽  
Food Samples ◽  
Pcr Analysis ◽  
Infant Food ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Tomato Pulp ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

The genus Alternaria is considered one of the most important fungal contaminants of vegetables, fruits, and cereals, producing several mycotoxins that can withstand food processing methods. Conventional methods for Alternaria identification and enumeration are laborious and time-consuming, and they might not detect toxigenic molds inactivated by food processing. In this study, a PCR method has been developed for the rapid identification of Alternaria spp. DNA in foodstuffs, based on oligonucleotide primers targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) 1 and ITS2 regions of the rRNA gene. The specificity of the Alternaria-specific primer pair designed (Dir1ITSAlt–Inv1ITSAlt) was verified by PCR analysis of DNA from various Alternaria spp., and also from several fungal, bacterial, yeast, animal, and plant species. The detection limit of the method was 102 CFU/ml in viable culture, heated culture, or experimentally inoculated tomato pulp. The applicability of the method for detection of Alternaria spp. DNA in foodstuffs was assessed by testing several commercial samples. Alternaria DNA was detected in 100% of spoiled tomato samples, 8% of tomato products, and 36.4% of cereal-based infant food samples analyzed.

A METHOD OF ISOLATING ACTINOMYCETES FROM SCABBY POTATO TISSUE AND SOIL WITH MINIMAL CONTAMINATION

1956 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 44-47 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. H. Lawrence
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Potato Tubers ◽  
Sodium Propionate ◽  
Potato Tissue ◽  
Treated Soil ◽  
Bacterial Contaminants ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

The isolation of actinomycetes from soil or from scabby potato tubers was facilitated by a 10-min. treatment of the material from which the isolations were to be made with phenol in dilution of 1: 140. This eliminated most bacterial contaminants and reduced fungal contaminants especially those of the spreading type. Treatment of the material with higher concentrations of phenol progressively decreased the number of actinomycetes until there was no growth after treatment with 1: 70 dilution of phenol. Optimum development and maximum numbers of actinomycetes occurred when phenol-treated material was cultured on media adjusted to pH 6.5. More actinomycetes developed on glucose-asparagine agar than on Czapek's agar inoculated with phenol-treated material from scab-infected potatoes. However, when phenol-treated soil suspensions were tested, Czapek's agar was more favorable to the development of actinomycete colonies. A comparison of the phenol method with another in which sodium propionate is incorporated into the culture medium showed that the phenol method was more efficient in reducing contaminants and in permitting a larger number of actinomycete colonies to develop.

scholarly journals Analysis of Fungal Contamination on Commercially Sold Rice in Puerto Rico

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole Colón Carrión ◽  
Chad Lozada Troche
Keyword(s):  
Rice Variety ◽  
Fungal Endophytes ◽  
Brown Rice ◽  
P Value ◽  
Rice Grain ◽  
Penicillium Verrucosum ◽  
Normal Surface ◽  
White Rice ◽  
Rice Grains ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

Crops and stored grains are susceptible to pathogens that represent a threat to our health. The study presented herein compares the normal surface and endophytic fungal communities present on white and brown rice grains. One hundred grains of each rice variety was analyzed to determine their fungal contaminants and endophytes. Fungi were inoculated on SDA media, and purified in PDA media; morphological characterization was performed followed by amplification of the ITS region using PCR for all fungal isolates. Statistical analysis indicated significant differences between medium brown rice compared to white rice for surface and endophytic communities (p-value £ 0.05). In addition, a higher fungal diversity was found on brown rice grains compared to white rice. This variation may be due to differences in the processing methods used for each rice grain type. BLAST analysis revealed the presence of toxigenic strains of Aspergillus flavus, A.oryzae, Penicillium verrucosum, and P. viridicatum. The study of fungal growth in rice grains can contribute to the minimization of mycotoxin production by its prevention and control; therefore, decreasing crop contamination and human exposure to their metabolites. KEYWORDS: Fungi; Rice; Fungal contaminants; Fungal endophytes

scholarly journals Culture and molecular identification of fungal contaminants in edible bird nests

2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Jennifer Xiao Jing Chen ◽  
Shew Fung Wong ◽  
Patricia Kim Chooi Lim ◽  
Joon Wah Mak
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

scholarly journals Fungal contaminants of stored wheat vary between Australian states

2016 ◽  
Vol 45 (6) ◽  
pp. 621-628 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. H. Barkat ◽  
G. E. St J. Hardy ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
M. Calver ◽  
K. L. Bayliss
Keyword(s):  
Stored Wheat ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

Fungal contaminants in the vineyard and wine quality

2010 ◽  
pp. 481-514 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.S. Scott ◽  
R.G. Dambergs ◽  
B.E. Stummer
Keyword(s):  
Wine Quality ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

Comprehensive Study Identifies a Sensitive, Low-Risk, Closed-System Model for Detection of Fungal Contaminants in Cell and Gene Therapy Products

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicole E. Putnam ◽  
Anna F. Lau
Keyword(s):  
Closed System ◽  
Test Performance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Diverse Range ◽  
Sterility Testing ◽  
Delayed Entry ◽  
Test Sensitivity ◽  
Food And Beverage ◽  
Testing Algorithm ◽  
Fungal Contaminants

The United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regulates manufacturing and testing of advanced therapeutic medicinal products (ATMPs) to ensure the safety of each product for human use. Gold standard sterility testing (USP<71>) and alternative blood culture systems have major limitations for the detection of fungal contaminants. In this study, we evaluated the performance of i LYM media (designed originally for the food and beverage industry) to assess its potential for use in the biopharmaceutical field for ATMP sterility testing. We conducted a parallel evaluation of four different test systems (USP<71>, BacT/ALERT, BACTEC, and Sabouraud Dextrose Agar [SDA] culture), three different bottle media formulations ( i LYM, i FA + , and Myco/F Lytic), and two incubation temperatures (22.5°C and 32.5-35°C) using a diverse set of fungi ( n =51) isolated from NIH cleanroom environments and previous product contaminants. Additionally, we evaluated the effect of agitation versus “delayed entry” static pre-incubation on test sensitivity and time to detection (TTD). Overall, delayed entry of bottles onto the BacT/ALERT or BACTEC instruments (with agitation) did not improve test performance. USP<71> and SDA culture continued to significantly outperform each automated culture condition alone. However, we show for the first time, that a closed-system, dual-bottle combination of i LYM 22.5°C and i FA + 32.5°C can provide high fungal sensitivity, statistically comparable to USP<71>, when tested against a diverse range of environmental fungi. Our study fills a much-needed gap in biopharmaceutical testing and offers a favorable testing algorithm that maximizes bacterial and fungal test sensitivity whilst minimizing risk of product contamination associated with laboratory handling.

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