scholarly journals Relative Efficacy of Probiotics Compared with Oral Rehydration Solution for Diarrhea Treatment in Children under Five Years Old: a Meta-Analysis from Developing Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-363
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Suria Saputri ◽  
◽  
Tri Nugraha Susilawati ◽  
Vitri Widyaningsih ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Rehydration Solution

Relative Efficacy of Probiotics Compared with Standard Therapy for Diarrhea Treatment in Children Under Five Years of Age: A Meta-Analysis Evidence from Developing Countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Aini Suria Saputri ◽  
◽  
Tri Nugraha Susilawati ◽  
Vitri Widyaningsih ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Standard Therapy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Gastrointestinal Diseases ◽  
Relative Efficacy ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Review Manager

ABSTRACT Background: Probiotics have been widely studied in a variety of gastrointestinal diseases. There is high-quality evidence that probiotics are effective for acute infectious diarrhea. This study aimed to examine the relative efficacy of probiotics compared with standard therapy for diarrhea treatment in children under five using meta-analysis. Subjects and Method: A meta-analysis was carried out using systematic PRISMA guidelines. The review process begins with searching for articles published between 2009 and 2019 from PubMed, Clinical Key, ScienceDirect, and Scopus databases. This study obtained four articles that meet the criteria of the randomized controlled trial (RCT), the study subjects were toddlers and conducted in developing countries. A sample of 995 children was divided into two groups, 518 children received probiotics (intervention) and 477 children received standard therapy (control). The data were analyzed by Review Manager (RevMan) software 5.3 to assess Standardized Mean Difference (SMD). Results: Probiotics administration reduced duration of acute diarrhea in children under five than standard therapy, with pooled estimate= 0.30 (SMD= -0.30; 95% CI= – 0.56 to -0.03). Conclusion: Probiotics administration combined with standard therapy is effective to reduce the duration of acute diarrhea in children under five in developing countries. Keywords: acute diarrhea, probiotic, children under five Correspondence:Nurul Aini Suria Saputri. Midwifery Department, School of Health Polytechnics, Tanjungpinang/ Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret. Jl. Arief Rahman Hakim No.1, Tanjungpinang, Riau Islands. Email: [email protected]. Mobile: +6285743401971. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.95

scholarly journals Comparison between 200 ml and 1 liter packages of oral rehydration solution prepared by mothers of patients with diarrhea in the oral rehydration room

2019 ◽  
Vol 28 (11-12) ◽  
pp. 231-7
Author(s):  
Muhammad Suryanto ◽  
Renny Hariati ◽  
Yati Soenarto ◽  
Moenginah P. A.
Keyword(s):  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Sodium Concentration ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Group I ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Hospital Group

To have a comparison between the preparation of oral rehydration solution (ORS) of 200 ml and 1 liter packages, a study had been done in 30 mothers of children under five years of age suffering from diarrhea who treated their children in oral rehydration room (group I) and 30 mothers of non diarrheal children under five years sampled in the out-patient Department of Child Health, Dr. Sardjito General Hospital (group II). No significant difference was found (p <0.05) concerning the sodium concentration in th ORS of 200 ml and in the 1 liter package (group I: 85.95 ± 16.07, and 81.52 ± 16.21, group II 98.11 ± 24.67 and 97.02 ± 21.87) (mEq/L, Mean ± SD). Of 30 mothers group 11, 5 mothers (19.23%) made mistakes in preparing the I liter packages of ORS and the sodium concentration in this package was higher compared to the concentration in the 200 ml package. There was no significant difference concerning diluted volume and the sodium concentration between group I and the recommended method, but there was a significant difference (p < 0.005) between group II and recommended method. A significant difference was also found (p ( 0.001) between group I and group 11 about the mothers knowledge of the effect of diarrhea, the use of ORS, the amount of ORS that must be given lo !he patients and !he indications to refer the patients to !he health center or hospital.

scholarly journals KNOWLEDGE AND MALPRACTICES IN PEDIATRICS DIARRHEA MANAGEMENT BY IRAQI MOTHERS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 503
Author(s):  
Samer Imad Mohammed ◽  
Aya Thaer Sabry ◽  
Dania Thaer Sabry ◽  
Borooj Hassan Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Pilot Study ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Herbal Preparations ◽  
Validated Questionnaire ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Rehydration Solution

Objectives: In developing countries like Iraq, diarrhea was responsible for 70% of deaths among pediatrics. This study was designed to determine Iraqi mothers’ knowledge and malpractices associated with diarrhea management in pediatrics.Methods: A cross-sectional pilot study was done on a convenient sample of mothers in Baghdad – Iraq. Data collection was done using a validated questionnaire specifically designed for this study.Result: Most participants preferred to consult physicians or pharmacists about pediatrics diarrhea management. Breastfeeding was stopped by 19% of participants, whereas 35% of mothers who depend on formulated milk discontinued it. Only 30% of participants use oral rehydration solution therapy always as a part of treatment. Although 54% of participated mothers certainly not used antibiotics for the diarrhea management before doctor consultation, however 52.5% of these mothers used antimotility suspensions without any consultation. 17% of participants used some herbal preparations in addition to 11% used some forms of traditional harmful preparations (Al-Sagwa) to manage diarrhea.Conclusions: This study indicates a good level of knowledge about diarrhea management for most participants, although there are some wrong concepts which followed by a small percentage of mothers, especially the most dangerous malpractices of using Al-Sagwa.

scholarly journals Use of Zinc and Oral Rehydration Solution in Home Management of Diarrhea: Knowledge of Mothers of attending a Tertiary Care Hospital

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 135-140
Author(s):  
Noshina Riaz ◽  
Sidra Tul Muntaha ◽  
Maria Qibtia ◽  
Shugufta Sohail
Keyword(s):  
General Hospital ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
P Value ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Home Management ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Knowledge Variable ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Rehydration Solution

Background: Diarrhea is the second leading cause of mortality in children below 5 years of age in Pakistan. Use of Zinc and ORS has been proven in clinical trials to be beneficial in reducing morbidity and mortality. Poor knowledge regarding home management of diarrhea leads to mortality due to severe dehydration. The objective of this study was to assess the level of knowledge of mothers of under five-year-old children regarding, diarrheal home management in Cantonment General Hospital, Rawalpindi. Material and Methods: This was an observational cross-sectional study carried out at Department of Pediatrics, Cantonment General Hospital, Rawalpindi, from 1st August, 2017 to 31st January, 2018. About 400 mothers of under five-year-old children, coming to the outpatient department of the hospital were enrolled in this study. A self-designed structured and validated questionnaire was used to assess the level of knowledge of mothers regarding home management of diarrhea using Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) and Zinc. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23 with a p value < 0.05 considered statistically significant. Results: About 91% (n=364) of mothers had awareness regarding use of ORS as a means of diarrheal home management. Regarding level of knowledge variable results were found. A good percentage of mothers had knowledge of the purpose of ORS use (78.3%), administration (60%) and initiation of ORS (68%), but only 20.8% mothers rightly answered the timing of ORS administration. Mothers knowledge about the use of zinc, daily administration and duration of administration (10-14 days) was 38.8% ,20.5% and 17.3% respectively.  Mothers who were more educated especially secondary and above and of the age group 22-31, had better awareness of ORS than others, as P value is less than 0.05. Among mothers who were aware of the use of ORS, only 41.8% of them were also aware of the use of zinc. Conclusion: A high awareness level regarding ORS use in mothers was reflected fairly in terms of purpose, administration and initiation of ORS but the knowledge of mothers regarding use of zinc and timing of ORS administration, in home management of diarrhea is still lacking.

scholarly journals Efficacy of reduced osmolarity oral rehydration solution, rice ... based oral rehydration solution, and standard WHO oral rehydration solution in children with acute diarrhea - a randomized open trial

2009 ◽  
Vol 49 (3) ◽  
pp. 169
Author(s):  
Thermiany Anggri Sundari ◽  
Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih ◽  
Sri Supar Yati Soenarto ◽  
I P. G. Karyana
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Open Trial ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
The Mean

Background The composition of the WHO's standard oral rehydration solution (ORS) is similar to that of choleric stool. Currently, there are questions about whether the composition is acceptable for treating dehydration caused by diarrhea. Efforts are being made to try and improve the WHO ORS, e.g., to decrease the solution osmolarity to avoid hypertonic side effects.lt is acknowledged that if glucose is used in ORS, the sodium will go through enterocytes and glucose will tum into an absolute substance for the formula. Glucose is less affordable and not widely produced in developing countries, hence researchers are currently exploring substitutes such as rice flour.Objective To compare the efficacy of reduced osmolarity ORS,rice-based ORS and the WHO standard ORS among childrenwith acute diarrhea.Methods A randomized open trial was conducted in children aged6-59 months old admitted for acute diarrhea. One-way AN OVAwas used to compare the three different types of ORS given.Results The mean duration of diarrhea was significantly lower inthe group treated with reduced osmolarity ORS (52.66 h, 95%CI 4 7.13 to 58.18) and rice-based ORS (54.66 h, 95% CI 4 7.97to 61.34) compared to the group treated with the WHO standardORS (67.34 h, 95% CI 61.50 to 73.18). Multivariate analysisshows that intervention had a significant effect on reducing theduration of diarrhea.Conclusions Reduced osmolarity ORS and rice-based ORSsignificantly lower the mean duration of children with acutediarrhea compared with the group treated with the WHO standardORS.

Roundtable: Exploring Downstream Partnerships to Market Zinc Supplementation to Oral Rehydration Solution (ORS) in Developing Countries

2005 ◽  
Vol 11 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 46-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
William Sowers
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Zinc Supplementation ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Discussion Groups ◽  
Who Guidelines ◽  
Roundtable Discussion ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Rehydration Solution

To explore downstream partnerships at the 2005 Innovations in Social Marketing Conference, participants formed roundtable discussion groups, assuming roles of stakeholders marketing zinc supplementation to oral rehydration solution (ORS) in a hypothetical developing country. Recent developments, including reformulation of ORS and results of clinical trials on zinc, have in effect created a new approach to diarrheal treatment, reflected in new WHO guidelines. Using ORS during diarrhea and taking zinc for 10–14 days reduces the duration and severity of episodes and helps prevent new episodes of diarrhea, a significant child health problem in developing countries.

Are oral rehydration solutions optimized for treating diarrhea?

2021 ◽  
pp. 026010602199164
Author(s):  
Samuel N Cheuvront ◽  
Robert W Kenefick ◽  
Laura Luque ◽  
Katherine M Mitchell ◽  
Sadasivan Vidyasagar
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Intestinal Absorption ◽  
Turning Point ◽  
Oral Rehydration Solution ◽  
Salt Water ◽  
Food Science ◽  
Oral Rehydration ◽  
Rehydration Solutions ◽  
Rehydration Solution ◽  
Stool Volume

Background: A historical turning point occurred in the treatment of diarrhea when it was discovered that glucose could enhance intestinal sodium and water absorption. Adding glucose to salt water (oral rehydration solution, ORS) more efficiently replaced intestinal water and salt losses. Aim: Provide a novel hypothesis to explain why mainstream use of ORS has been strongly recommended, but weakly adopted. Methods: Traditional (absorptive) and novel (secretory) physiological functions of glucose in an ORS were reviewed. Results: Small amounts of glucose can stimulate both intestinal absorption and secretion. Glucose can exacerbate a net secretory state and may aggravate pathogen-induced diarrhea, particularly for pathogens that affect glucose transport. Conclusion: A hypothesis is made to explain why glucose-based ORS does not appreciably reduce diarrheal stool volume and why modern food science initiatives should focus on ORS formulations that replace water and electrolytes while also reducing stool volume and duration of diarrhea.

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