scholarly journals Comparison of Findings from Oblique Radiographs of the Raised Limb with Those of the Weight-bearing Limb for Selected Diseases of the Equine Digit

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 97-103
Author(s):  
J. Šterc ◽  
T. Crháková
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Radiographic Findings

In the present study, the radiographic examination of the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints was performed in 43 randomly selected horses. A total of 86 forelimbs were examined. On the forelimbs, dorsolateral-palmaromedial, and dorsomedial-palmarolateral oblique views were performed. The oblique views were performed on raised limbs placed in a navicular block and on weight-bearing limbs placed on a pedestal made at the equine clinic. In total, 688 dorsolateral-palmaromedial and dorsomedial-palmarolateral views were taken. During the evaluation of the radiographs we focused on the detection of signs of degenerative joint disease of the distal and proximal iterphalangeal joints, and the detection of new bone formation in the phalanx regions, not associated with a disease of the distal or proximal interphalangeal joints. Based on the radiographic signs visible on these views, we diagnosed 9 cases of degenerative joint disease of the distal intraphalangeal joint, 13 cases of the degenerative joint disease of the proximal intraphalangeal joint and 21 cases of new bone formation in the phalanx regions. These signs were observed in 253 of 688 oblique views. Positive radiographic findings of the above-mentioned disorders were shown on 127 oblique views of the raised limb placed in the navicular block and 126 oblique views of the weight-bearing limb placed on the pedestal we made. When 128 oblique views of the weight-bearing limb (placed on the pedestal) were compared with those of the raised limb (in the navicular block), there were different radiographic findings in three cases only. The differences in detection rates of radiographic signs between different type views showed no statistical significance (p ≥ 0.05). Therefore we assume that the pedestal we made can be routinely used for the radiographic examination of the distal and proximal interphalangeal joints on DL-PM and DM-PL oblique views, as part of pre-purchase examination or diagnosis of lameness.

scholarly journals Analysis of Radiographic Bone Parameters Throughout the Surgical Lengthening and Deformity Correction of Extremities

PRILOZI ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 35 (3) ◽  
pp. 175-183
Author(s):  
Nenad Atanasov ◽  
Anastasika Poposka ◽  
Milan Samardziski ◽  
Viktor Kamnar
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Deformity Correction ◽  
Limb Lengthening ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Bone Parameters ◽  
Radiographic Parameters ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Limb Deformities

AbstractBackground: Radiographic examination of extremities in surgical lengthening and/or correction of deformities is of crucial importance for the assessment of new bone formation. The purpose of this study is to confirm the diagnostic value of radiography in precise detection of bone parameters in various lengthening or correction stages in patients treated by limb-lengthening and deformity correction.Patients and Methods: 50 patients were treated by the Ilizarov method of limb lengthening or deformity correction at the University Orthopaedic Surgery Clinic in Skopje, and analysed over the period from 2006 to 2012. The patients were divided into two groups. The first group consisted of 27 patients with limb-lengthening because of congenital shortening. The second group consisted of 23 patients treated for acquired limb deformities. The results in both groups were received in three stages of new bone formation and were based on the appearance of 3 radiographic parameters at the distraction/compression site.Results: The differences between the presence of all radiographic bone parameters in different stages of new bone formation were statistically signficant in both groups, especially the presence of the cortical margin in the first group (Cochran Q = 34.43, df = 2, p = 0.00000). The comparative analysis between the two groups showed a statistically significant difference in the presence of initial bone elements and cystic formations only in the first stage.Discussion and Conclusions: Almost no statistical significance in the differences between both groups of patients with regard to 3 radiographic parameters in 3 stages of new bone formation, indicates a minor influence of the etiopathogenetic background on the new bone formation in patients treated by gradual lengthening or correction of limb deformities.

Unusual Presentation of an Ununited Anconeal Process in a Six-Year-Old Great Dane

1994 ◽  
Vol 07 (04) ◽  
pp. 177-179
Author(s):  
Deborah Sikkema ◽  
J. K. Roush
Keyword(s):  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Unusual Presentation ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Prior History ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
History Of ◽  
Great Dane

An acute weight-bearing, right forelimb lameness developed in a six-year-old Great Dane without any prior history of lameness. Clinical and radiographic findings were consistent with right ununited anconeal process and degenerative joint disease within the elbow, however, radiographically the anconeal process was separated from the ulna and attached to the humerus. Removal of the anconeal process resulted in satisfactory right front limb use for a further 40 months following the operation.

Osteochondral Fragmentation (Osteochondrosis) of the Canine Patella

1992 ◽  
Vol 05 (03) ◽  
pp. 114-121 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. M. Shealy ◽  
S. A. Kincaid ◽  
J. T. Hathcock ◽  
T. R. Boosinger ◽  
R. T. Pernell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Sign ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Surgical Excision ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Oblique View ◽  
Microscopic Features ◽  
Full Flexion

SummaryThree four-month-old female grey-hound siblings with osteochondral fragmentation of the lateral aspect of the patella are presented. One dog was affected unilaterally and two bilaterally. The dogs exhibited mild weight-bearing lameness, slight flexion of the stifle, and discomfort during full flexion and extension of affected stifles. A non-palpable, mild synovial effusion was cytologically consistent with chronic inflammation and compatible with osteochondrosis and degenerative joint disease. The hallmark clinical sign was a characteristic prominence of the patella. Cranioproximalcraniodistal oblique (skyline) radio-graphs and transverse CT scans revealed osteochondral fragments and defects of the patella. The osteochondral fragments were surgically excised in two dogs and one dog was necropsied. The osteochondral fragments and patellae were evaluated histologically. Macroscopic and microscopic features of the osteochondral tissues were characteristic of osteochondrosis.Osteochondrosis of the patella was diagnosed in three sibling Greyhounds. The hallmark clinical sign was enlargement and prominence of the patella. Radiographic examination, cranioproximal-craniodistal oblique view, demonstrated the fragmented lateral border of the patella. Findings from computed tomography and histopathological examination are described. Surgical excision of the fragment in two dogs restored satisfactory function.

scholarly journals Andrographis paniculata Extract Relieves Pain and Inflammation in Monosodium Iodoacetate-Induced Osteoarthritis and Acetic Acid-Induced Writhing in Animal Models

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 873
Author(s):  
Donghun Lee ◽  
Chae Yun Baek ◽  
Ji Hong Hwang ◽  
Mi-Yeon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Acetic Acid ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Andrographis Paniculata ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Monosodium Iodoacetate ◽  
History Of

Osteoarthritis (OA), being the most prominent degenerative joint disease is affecting millions of elderly people worldwide. Although Andrographis paniculata is an ethnic medicine with a long history of being used as analgesic agent, no study using a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA) model has investigated its potential activities against OA. In this study, experimental OA was induced in rats with a knee injection of MIA, which represents the pathological characteristics of OA in humans. A. paniculata extract (APE) substantially reversed the loss of hind limb weight-bearing and the cartilage damage resulted from the OA induction in rats. Additionally, the levels of serum pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1β, IL-6, and TNF-α as well as the concentration of matrix metalloproteinases, including MMP-1, MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-13 were decreased by APE administration. Acetic acid-induced writhing responses in mice which quantitatively measure pain were significantly reduced by APE. In vitro, APE inhibited the generation of NO and downregulated the expression of IL-1β, IL-6, COX-2, and iNOS in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. The above results suggest the potential use APE as a therapeutic agent against OA.

scholarly journals Balancing the Rates of New Bone Formation and Polymer Degradation Enhances Healing of Weight-Bearing Allograft/Polyurethane Composites in Rabbit Femoral Defects

2014 ◽  
Vol 20 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 115-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jerald E. Dumas ◽  
Edna M. Prieto ◽  
Katarzyna J. Zienkiewicz ◽  
Teja Guda ◽  
Joseph C. Wenke ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bone Formation ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Polymer Degradation ◽  
New Bone Formation ◽  
Polyurethane Composites

Clinical Evaluation and Long-Term Follow-Up of Dogs Having Coronoidectomy for Elbow Incongruity

2003 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 473-478 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret Puccio ◽  
Dominic J. Marino ◽  
Joseph D. Stefanacci ◽  
Brian McKenna
Keyword(s):  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Disease Entity ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Clinical Presentations ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Joint Incongruity

A retrospective study was performed describing the clinical presentations, radiographic findings, and surgical outcomes of 17 dogs (18 elbows) following medial coronoidectomy for the treatment of elbow joint incongruity as a sole disease entity. Complete resolution of lameness was achieved in 100% of the cases. The mean radiographic arthrosis grade progressed in 70% of the cases. Results of this study indicate that resolution of clinical lameness may be achieved with medial coronoidectomy in dogs with elbow incongruity; however, progression of degenerative joint disease with unknown, long-term clinical significance can be expected after surgery.

scholarly journals Application of platelet-rich plasma for canine osteoarthritis treatment - a clinical series

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 601-607
Author(s):  
K. B Aminkov ◽  
N. H. Mehandzhiyski ◽  
B. Y. Aminkov ◽  
N. Z. Zlateva-Panayotova
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Rich Plasma ◽  
Autologous Blood ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Brief Pain Inventory ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Knee Joints ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Clinical Series ◽  
Osteoarthritis Treatment

Osteoarthritis, also known as degenerative joint disease (DJD), is defined as a progressive and permanent long-term deterioration of the cartilage surrounding the joints. There is no known cause for primary DJD. However, there are a wide variety of causes for secondary DJD, such as trauma, abnormal wear of joints and cartilage, or a congenital defect present at birth such as an improperly formed hip. One of the most popular methods used to biologically enhance healing in the fields of orthopaedic surgery and medicine includes the use of autologous blood products, namely, platelet rich plasma (PRP). Reports suggest that PRP, presumably containing high levels of platelet growth factors, may promote the recovery of the affected cartilage. This case series presents clinical and radiographic findings of three dogs with osteoarthritis of the elbow and knee joints. Pain score were assessed by CBPI (Canine Brief Pain Inventory). Treatment with three-fold intra-articular application of PRP, obtained by double centrifugation method, resulted in significant improvement in the function of the affected joint. Therefore, it could be concluded that PRP was clinically effective in the treatment of osteoarthritis in these three cases.

scholarly journals Complete Edentulism of Dental Patients in Northeastern Turkey: Prevalence and Radiographic Findings on Panoramic Radiographs Prevalence and Radiographic Findings on Panoramic Radiographs

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Sadik ◽  
◽  
Ceren Gökmenoğlu ◽  
Cankat Kara ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Radiographic Examination ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Impacted Teeth ◽  
Panoramic Radiographs ◽  
Dental Patients ◽  
Panoramic Images ◽  
Edentulous Patients

The prevalence of complete edentulism varies from country to country and from one region to another. Previous studies have reported the high prevalence of significant radiographic findings in edentulous patients. Objectives: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of complete edentulism retrospectively and to evaluate the frequency and location of significant radiographic findings on panoramic radiographs in edentulous jaws of dental patients in northeastern Turkey. Methods: The digital panoramic images of all ≥35 year-old patients admitted to our faculty from January 2014 to August 2015 were evaluated. The prevalence of complete edentulism was determined among 8314 panoramic images retrospectively. Radiographic findings identified as impacted teeth, retained roots, radiopaque, and radiolucent areas detected in panoramic radiographs of completely edentulous patients (CEP) were recorded. The obtained data were analyzed with descriptive statistics and cross-tabs. Chi-square test was employed to evaluate the statistical significance of the results at 0.05 levels. Results: A total of 8314 panoramic images were examined, and 508 (6.11%) CEP were defined. The prevalence of edentulism was higher (24.85%) among the patients older than 64 years old. A total of 206 radiographic findings were detected on panoramic images of CEP. The prevalence values of retained roots, impacted teeth, radiopacities, and radiolucencies were 18.9%, 7.09%, 2.76%, and 1.57%, respectively. Conclusions: Given the high frequency of significant radiographic findings, the radiographic examination of CEP should be performed with consideration of the cumulative effects of radiation.

The Post-operative Outcome of Stoppa Approach in the Treatment of Anterior Column Acetabular Fractures

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammadreza Sadeghi ◽  
Babak Siavashi ◽  
Seyyed Hossein Shafiei ◽  
Farhad Mahdav ◽  
Mohammad Heshmati ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Anterior Column ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Harris Hip Score ◽  
Acetabular Fractures ◽  
Radiographic Findings ◽  
Anatomic Reduction ◽  
Stoppa Approach ◽  
Procedural Complications

Background: Choosing the proper approach to surgical treatment of various types of acetabular fractures can play an important role in minimizing adverse outcomes during and after surgery. In the present study, we described our experience on the outcome of Stoppa approach in anterior column acetabular fractures. Methods: This was a retrospective analysis of 40 patients with acetabular anterior column fractures that had undergone surgery with Stoppa approach. The study information, Harris Hip Score (HHS), and pre- and post-operative radiographic findings were collected by reviewing the hospital recorded files. Results: HHSs of 80 to 100 were achieved in 75.0% of patients. Completed (anatomic reduction less than 2 mm) displacement reduction was found in 97.5%. 2 mg/dl decreased serum level of hemoglobin (Hb) was found in 75.0%, leading to blood transfusion in 60% of subjects. Regarding post-procedural complications, the common event was infection in 15.0%, followed by degenerative joint disease (DJD) in 15.0%. The post-operative complications were similar in men and women, but were significantly higher in patientsolder than 50 years than the younger patients. Conclusion: Stoppa approach is associated with high success rate and the occurrence of rare and tolerable major complications.

scholarly journals Rate of Development of Hallucal Interphalangeal Degenerative Joint Disease After First Metatarsophalangeal Joint Arthrodesis

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 2473011418S0025
Author(s):  
Christopher Hyer ◽  
Nisha Shah ◽  
Marcus Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Weight Bearing ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Degenerative Joint Disease ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
First Metatarsophalangeal Joint ◽  
Post Surgery

Category: Midfoot/Forefoot Introduction/Purpose: The first metatarsophalangeal joint (MTPJ) is an integral part of the foot during the gait cycle. Arthrodesis of this joint is gold standard, especially in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. The development of IPJ arthritis after an arthrodesis of the MTPJ has been established in the literature; however, the significance of this has not. The purpose of this study was to determine the rate of IPJ degenerative joint disease (DJD) in patients who underwent first MTPJ fusion by evaluating the degree of IPJ arthritic degeneration through 2 years post-surgery and to compare radiographic parameters over time among patients with and without DJD in order to determine whether non-fusion (less than 50% fusion) or the hallucal position was associated with the subsequent development of DJD. Methods: Retrospective clinical and radiographic review of patients who had undergone a first metatarsophalangeal joint arthrodesis was performed. Inclusion criteria were adult patients 18 and older who underwent first MPJ arthrodesis between January 2012 and January 2015 with internal fixation of any type. Patients were excluded if they were under 18 years of age, underwent concomitant procedures that would affect postoperative weight bearing course, suspected or diagnosed with osteomyelitis of the foot, had prior surgical procedures of the MTPJ or IPJ joints, or concomitant hallucal IPJ arthritis or preexisting IPJ fusion. Postoperative radiographs were obtained immediately following surgery and at approximately 6 weeks, 3 months, 6 months, 12 months, and 24 months. Results: Ultimately, 103 patients met all the inclusion criteria and none of the exclusion criteria. Four of the 103 patients (3.9%) had undergone bilateral procedures, thus providing 107 surgical procedures. Demographic characteristics can be found on Table 1. The hallux abductus (HA) angle and hallux abductus interphalangeus (HAI) angle were measured preoperatively and postoperatively (Fig. 1-2). The average postoperative follow-up radiograph was taken at 22.9 weeks. The HA angle average preoperatively was 31.4 degrees, which decreased to 11.8 degrees postoperatively. The HAI angle average preoperatively measured 10.8 degrees and increased to 11.9 degrees postoperatively. No patients had symptomatic hallux IPJ postoperatively within the study period. However, 7 patients needed hardware removal and second surgery at an average of 36.3 weeks due to hardware pain and nonunion. Conclusion: Arthrodesis is often the treatment of choice for first MTPJ pathology, which is commonly arthritis or hallux valgus. We found the incidence of IPJ arthritis to be lower than the reported literature and unchanged over the postoperative period. Furthermore, no patients reported symptomatic hallux IPJ within the study period. Also, we found the HA angle had decreased in the patients postoperatively; however, there was a mixed trend with HAI increasing after first MTPJ fusion. The significance of this trend is unclear, but the increase of the HAI could possibly cause further pain and deterioration of the joint in the future.

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